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Antioxidants, Volume 13, Issue 11

November 2024 - 155 articles

Cover Story: Some glutathione transferases (GSTs) function as peroxidases with organic hydroperoxides, e.g., cumene hydroperoxide (CuOOH), but human GST P1-1 has relatively low activity. A point mutation of Tyr109 into His in the active site cavity causes 10-fold elevated catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) with CuOOH mainly due to a 34-fold higher kcat. The specific activity is increased 16.7-fold. Further examination of added mutations in information-rich libraries identified mutants with approximately 2-fold higher activity than the Tyr109His mutant, caused by elevated kcat values. In all cases, His109 is pivotal for the increased peroxidase activity. In parallel, the substitution reaction with CDNB (1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) is 5-fold decreased, resulting in a 100-fold change in substrate selectivity. View this paper
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Articles (155)

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,701 Views
25 Pages

Glutathione and Ascorbic Acid Accumulation in Mango Pulp Under Enhanced UV-B Based on Transcriptome

  • Hassam Tahir,
  • Muhammad Sajjad,
  • Minjie Qian,
  • Muhammad Zeeshan Ul Haq,
  • Ashar Tahir,
  • Muhammad Aamir Farooq,
  • Ling Wei,
  • Shaopu Shi,
  • Kaibing Zhou and
  • Quansheng Yao

20 November 2024

Mango (Mangifera indica), a nutritionally rich tropical fruit, is significantly impacted by UV-B radiation, which induces oxidative stress and disrupts physiological processes. This study aimed to investigate mango pulp’s molecular and biochemi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,875 Views
30 Pages

20 November 2024

Docosahexaenoate is a cytoprotective ω-3 polyunsaturated lipid that is abundant in the retina and is essential for its function. Due to its six unsaturated double bonds, docosahexaenoate is highly susceptible to oxidation and the formation of p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,506 Views
21 Pages

Hit Identification and Functional Validation of Novel Dual Inhibitors of HDAC8 and Tubulin Identified by Combining Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations

  • Antonio Curcio,
  • Roberta Rocca,
  • Federica Chiera,
  • Maria Eugenia Gallo Cantafio,
  • Ilenia Valentino,
  • Ludovica Ganino,
  • Pierpaolo Murfone,
  • Angela De Simone,
  • Giulia Di Napoli and
  • Stefano Alcaro
  • + 2 authors

20 November 2024

Chromatin organization, which is under the control of histone deacetylases (HDACs), is frequently deregulated in cancer cells. Amongst HDACs, HDAC8 plays an oncogenic role in different neoplasias by acting on both histone and non-histone substrates....

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,792 Views
20 Pages

25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Improves Cardiac Metabolic Adaption, Mitochondrial Biogenetics, and Redox Status to Ameliorate Pathological Remodeling and Functional Failure in Obese Chickens

  • Shih-Kai Chiang,
  • Mei-Ying Sin,
  • Jun-Wen Lin,
  • Maraddin Siregar,
  • Gilmour Valdez,
  • Yu-Hui Chen,
  • Thau Kiong Chung,
  • Rosemary L. Walzem,
  • Lin-Chu Chang and
  • Shuen-Ei Chen

20 November 2024

Broiler breeder hens allowed ad libitum (Ad) feed intake developed obesity and cardiac pathogenesis and thereby were susceptible to sudden death. A supplement of 69 µg 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3)/kg feed rescued the livability of feed-...

  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
7,365 Views
22 Pages

The Potential of Plant Extracts Used in Cosmetic Product Applications—Antioxidants Delivery and Mechanism of Actions

  • Cristina-Ştefania Gǎlbǎu,
  • Marius Irimie,
  • Andrea Elena Neculau,
  • Lorena Dima,
  • Lea Pogačnik da Silva,
  • Mihai Vârciu and
  • Mihaela Badea

20 November 2024

Natural ingredients have been used in skincare products for thousands of years. The current focus is on novel natural bioactivities that shield the skin from UV rays and free radicals, among other damaging elements, while enhancing skin health. Free...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,276 Views
11 Pages

20 November 2024

Melittin is a major active ingredient of the bee venom produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera) that exerts various biological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, and antioxidant. The role of melittin in modulating melanin p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,145 Views
17 Pages

20 November 2024

This study investigates the impact of single prolonged stress (SPS), a model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), on cardiovascular responses, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) activity, and vascular function to elucidate the mechanisms...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,553 Views
17 Pages

Ole-Oxy, a Semi-Synthetic Analog of Oleuropein, Ameliorates Acute Skin and Colon Inflammation in Mice

  • Nikolaos V. Angelis,
  • Efthymios Paronis,
  • Georgia Sarikaki,
  • Antonios Kyriakopoulos,
  • Anna Agapaki,
  • Pigi-Maria Niotopoulou,
  • Christina C. Knai,
  • Pavlos Alexakos,
  • Odyssefs Liagkas and
  • Konstantinos F. Mavreas
  • + 4 authors

20 November 2024

Inflammation is a key process in the pathophysiology of various diseases, with macrophages playing a central role in the inflammatory response. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory potential of a newly synthesized analog of oleuropein (OP),...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,945 Views
13 Pages

Mitochondrial Redox Status Regulates Glycogen Metabolism via Glycogen Phosphorylase Activity

  • Ikko Sakamoto,
  • Shuichi Shibuya,
  • Hidetoshi Nojiri,
  • Kotaro Takeno,
  • Hiroshi Nishimune,
  • Keisuke Yaku,
  • Takashi Nakagawa,
  • Muneaki Ishijima and
  • Takahiko Shimizu

20 November 2024

Mitochondria and glycogen are co-distributed in skeletal muscles to regulate the metabolic status. Mitochondria are also redox centers that regulate the muscle function during exercise. However, the pathophysiological relationship between the mitocho...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,950 Views
17 Pages

Data-Driven Insights into the Association Between Oxidative Stress and Calcium-Regulating Proteins in Cardiovascular Disease

  • Namuna Panday,
  • Dibakar Sigdel,
  • Irsyad Adam,
  • Joseph Ramirez,
  • Aarushi Verma,
  • Anirudh N. Eranki,
  • Wei Wang,
  • Ding Wang and
  • Peipei Ping

20 November 2024

A growing body of biomedical literature suggests a bidirectional regulatory relationship between cardiac calcium (Ca2+)-regulating proteins and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is integral to the pathogenesis of various cardiac disorders via oxidat...

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Antioxidants - ISSN 2076-3921