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Brain Sciences, Volume 2, Issue 4

December 2012 - 17 articles

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Articles (17)

  • Review
  • Open Access
18 Citations
13,810 Views
45 Pages

18 December 2012

Conscious and unconscious brain mechanisms, including cognition, emotions and language are considered in this review. The fundamental mechanisms of cognition include interactions between bottom-up and top-down signals. The modeling of these interacti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
7,469 Views
21 Pages

17 December 2012

There is ongoing debate about the contribution of explicit processes to incidental learning, particularly attention, working memory and control mechanisms. Studies generally measure explicit process contributions to incidental learning by comparing d...

  • Review
  • Open Access
13 Citations
13,614 Views
24 Pages

14 December 2012

Over the past decade, much progress has been made regarding our understanding of neurogenesis in both young and old animals and where it occurs throughout the lifespan, although the growth of new neurons declines with increasing age. In addition, phy...

  • Review
  • Open Access
48 Citations
23,466 Views
25 Pages

29 November 2012

Tor preventive measures are necessary to attenuate the increased economic and social burden of dementia. This review will focus on the potential for physical activity and exercise training to promote brain health and improve cognitive function via ne...

  • Review
  • Open Access
35 Citations
16,954 Views
36 Pages

On Aerobic Exercise and Behavioral and Neural Plasticity

  • Rodney A. Swain,
  • Kiersten L. Berggren,
  • Abigail L. Kerr,
  • Ami Patel,
  • Caitlin Peplinski and
  • Angela M. Sikorski

29 November 2012

Aerobic exercise promotes rapid and profound alterations in the brain. Depending upon the pattern and duration of exercise, these changes in the brain may extend beyond traditional motor areas to regions and structures normally linked to learning, co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
8,069 Views
17 Pages

Cocaine Sensitization Increases Kyphosis and Modulates Neural Activity in Adult Nulliparous Rats

  • Benjamin C. Nephew,
  • Martha K. Caffrey,
  • Ada C. Felix-Ortiz and
  • Marcelo Febo

27 November 2012

Although data from both animals and humans suggests that adult cocaine use can have long term effects on behavior, it is unknown if prior cocaine use affects future maternal behavior in nulliparous females. In the current study, cocaine or saline was...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
7,316 Views
18 Pages

Cortical Activity during a Highly-Trained Resistance Exercise Movement Emphasizing Force, Power or Volume

  • Shawn D. Flanagan,
  • Courtenay Dunn-Lewis,
  • Brett A. Comstock,
  • Carl M. Maresh,
  • Jeff S. Volek,
  • Craig R. Denegar and
  • William J. Kraemer

20 November 2012

Cortical activity is thought to reflect the biomechanical properties of movement (e.g., force or velocity of movement), but fatigue and movement familiarity are important factors that require additional consideration in electrophysiological research....

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
8,032 Views
15 Pages

Aging, Aerobic Activity and Interhemispheric Communication

  • Keith M. McGregor,
  • Kenneth M. Heilman,
  • Joe R. Nocera,
  • Carolynn Patten,
  • Todd M. Manini,
  • Bruce Crosson and
  • Andrew J. Butler

16 November 2012

Recent studies have shown that during unimanual motor tasks, aging adults show bilateral recruitment of primary motor cortex (M1), while younger adults show a suppression of the ipsilateral motor cortex. Additional work has indicated that increased...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
7,993 Views
15 Pages

The α1 Antagonist Doxazosin Alters the Behavioral Effects of Cocaine in Rats

  • Colin N. Haile,
  • Yanli Hao,
  • Patrick W. O'Malley,
  • Thomas F. Newton and
  • Therese A. Kosten

13 November 2012

Medications that target norepinephrine (NE) neurotransmission alter the behavioral effects of cocaine and may be beneficial for stimulant-use disorders. We showed previously that the short-acting, α1-adrenergic antagonist, prazosin, blocked drug-indu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
6,679 Views
14 Pages

Nucleus Accumbens Volume Is Associated with Frequency of Alcohol Use among Juvenile Justice-Involved Adolescents

  • Rachel E. Thayer,
  • Shirley M. Crotwell,
  • Tiffany J. Callahan,
  • Kent E. Hutchison and
  • Angela D. Bryan

12 November 2012

Differential neural development of structures associated with reward and control systems may underlie risky behavior in adolescence. The nucleus accumbens and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) have been implicated in substance use behavior, although structu...

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Brain Sci. - ISSN 2076-3425Creative Common CC BY license