Applied Sciences, Volume 9, Issue 2

Life sign detection is important in many applications, such as locating disaster victims. This can be difficult in low signal to noise ratio (SNR) and through-wall conditions. This paper considers life sign detection using an impulse ultra-wideband (...

Recently, the increasing integration of electric vehicles (EVs) has drawn great interest due to its flexible utilization; moreover, environmental concerns have caused an increase in the application of combined heat and power (CHP) units in multi-ener...

The turbulence kinetics model (TKM) describes an overall reaction rate for microscopic mass transfer phenomenon expressed as separation intensity, I_s, in a turbulent reacting flow. This study examines the effects of turbulent mixing in the convective...

In this paper, the positive and negative symmetric pulses with a fast rising edge were generated by a GaAs photoconductive semiconductor switch (PCSS). When the GaAs PCSS was biased at 2.0 kV and triggered by a femtosecond laser pulse with a pulse en...

Pickering emulsions are emulsions stabilized by solid particles, which generally provide a more stable system than traditional surfactants. Among various solid stabilizers, bio-based particles from renewable resources, such as micro- and nanofibrilla...

A great deal of interest over the years has been directed to the optical space solitons for the possibility of realizing 3D waveguides with very low propagation losses. A great limitation in their use for writing complex circuits is represented by th...

Programming robots to perform complex tasks is a very expensive job. Traditional path planning and control are able to generate point to point collision free trajectories, but when the tasks to be performed are complex, traditional planning and contr...

The early diagnosis of cow subclinical mastitis represents a pivotal factor for a prompt and adequate animal treatment. Although several methods are available, the somatic cells count (SCC) still remains the elective test directly carried out on milk...

Accurate and efficient localization of the optic disk (OD) in retinal images is an essential process for the diagnosis of retinal diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, papilledema, and glaucoma, in automatic retinal analysis systems. This paper pre...

Background: Bone regeneration is a reliable technique when the bone volume is insufficient to provide a functional and aesthetic outcome in surgery and implantoprosthesis procedures. When bone blocks are used but do not match the shape of the defect,...

The mechanical behavior of nanocomposites consisting of highly ordered nanoporous nickel (HONN) and its carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced composites (CNHONNs) subjected to a high temperature of 900 K is investigated via molecular dynamics (MD) simulat...

In this paper, we characterized and compared signal transmission performances of traces with different specifications of fiber weave. Measurements demonstrated that the dielectric constant, impedance fluctuation, and differential skew were all affect...

Conventional orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) burst construction methods can only support limited numbers of connections due to the map overhead and corresponding limitations in the numbers of orthogonal resources blocks, which l...

Business process models help to visualize processes of an organization. In enterprises, these processes are often specified in internal regulations, resolutions or other law acts of a company. Such descriptions, like task lists, have mostly form of e...

In the process of production logging interpretation, a water cut is one of the key factors to obtain the oil phase content in the oil well. In order to measure the water cut of the horizontal oil–water two-phase flow with low yield, the respons...

Recently, ellipsometry and polarization imaging using photoelastic modulators (PEMs) have been applied to a wide spectral range, from vacuum ultraviolet to the mid-infrared wavelengths. To ensure high accuracy polarization performance, the accurate c...

This paper discusses using computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) to distinguish between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), i.e., the most common type of primary liver malignancy and a leading cause of death in people with cirrhosis worldwide, and liver abscess...

In this study, we designed a mobile free space optic receiver that uses several photodetectors to provide omnidirectional receiving capability. Assuming only one transmitter, it is a receiver which builds a single input multiple output optical channe...

The concept of thermal rectification was put forward decades ago. It is a phenomenon in which the heat flux along one direction varies as the sign of temperature gradient changes. In bulk materials, thermal rectification has been realized at contact...

An encryption algorithm for hyperspectral data in fractional Fourier domain is designed. Firstly, the original hyperspectral image is separated into single bands and then each pair of bands are regarded as the real and imaginary part of a complex fun...

Hyperspectral imaging technology is a promising technique for nondestructive quality evaluation of dried products. In order to realize real-time, online inspection of quality of dried products, it is necessary to determine a few important wavelengths...

The straight-through magneto-optical glass current sensor has desirable temperature properties, but it is vulnerable to magnetic interference. In contrast, a polarization-type fiber optic current sensor has poor temperature performance, but the magne...

In the current design of steel eccentrically braced frames (EBFs), the yielding link is coupled with the floor beam. This causes the design of cross-sectional dimensions of links to be enlarged, resulting in over-designed structures and foundations,...

Diode-pumped solid-state lasers using novel Yb:LaF₃ and Tm,Ho:LaF₃ crystals as laser gain materials are demonstrated herein. The Yb:LaF₃ and Tm,Ho:LaF₃ crystals were grown using the Bridgman method. By matching their absorption bands, continuous-wave...

Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) is a promising code domain non-orthogonal multiple-access scheme which is able to support massive connectivity and grant-free transmission in future satellite-based Internet of Things (IoT) communication networks. T...

The study investigates the surface vibrations generated by a new generation, tri-band hydraulic compactor type V8 from Maschinentechnik Schrode AG (MTS), and a reversible plate compactor type DPU 6055 from Wacker Neuson in close proximity to a low-ri...

This paper deals with the parameter identification of a microbial batch process of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD). We first present a parameter identification model for the excess kinetics of a microbial batch process of glycerol to 1,3-PD. Thi...

The vast majority of gaseous chemical substances exhibit fundamental rovibrational absorption bands in the mid-infrared spectral region (2.5–25 μm), and the absorption of light by these fundamental bands provides a nearly universal means for...

Rare earth elements are plentiful in Gannan area, China, and there is a large amount of wastewater from all kinds of mines. In this paper, rare-earth modification TiO₂ composites (RE/TiO₂, RE = La, Ce, Gd, Yb) was studied by theory computation and ex...

Microorganisms producing laccases may be used for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass to recover fermentable sugar. Very few fungi and other microbes growing in high altitudes have been tested for this purpose. As part of this study, we have...

Nanotechnology is an exciting and innovative field when combined with tissue engineering, as it offers greater versatility in scaffold design for promoting cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. The use of nanomaterials in craniofacial ti...

The competition between various carbohydrates in the binding to Concanavalin A (Con A) can be exploited in gravimetric microsensors that detect changes in mass or viscoelasticity as a function of glucose concentration. Such sensors are based on the i...

This study investigated the characteristics and strength of the dissimilar joints between carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) epoxy composites and aluminum alloys using two different heating methods, Ni/Al reactive multilayer films (RMF) and a low...

Cloud computing is changing the way organizations approach technology and its infrastructure. However, in spite of its attractiveness, cloud computing can be seen as a threat in terms of compliance. Given its intrinsic distributed nature, regulations...

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technique is broadly adopted as the automated identification system for the Internet of Things (IoT). Many RFID anti-collision algorithms were proposed to accelerate the tag identification process. However, they...

Pipelines typically exhibit significant inelastic deformation under various loading conditions, making it imperative for limit state design to include considerations for the deformational capacity of pipelines. The methods employed to achieve higher...

In this paper, we present a hierarchical path planning framework called SG–RL (subgoal graphs–reinforcement learning), to plan rational paths for agents maneuvering in continuous and uncertain environments. By “rational”, we m...

The lower extremity exoskeleton is a device for auxiliary assistance of human movement. The interaction performance between the exoskeleton and the human is determined by the lower extremity exoskeleton’s controller. The performance of the cont...

Alongside its other favorable properties, the large refraction nonlinearity of graphene-related material makes it ideal for use in optoelectronics applications. Numerous experimental studies about nonlinear optical refraction have been conducted, but...

The improved binding ability of graphene–nanoparticle composites to proteins or molecules can be utilized to develop new cell-based assays. In this study, we fabricated reduced graphene oxide–gold nanoparticles (rGO-AuNP) electrodeposited...

In order to investigate the damage to microstructure and some other micromechanical responses during a fatigue test on asphalt mixture, Particle Flow Code (PFC) was used to reconstruct a two-dimensional discrete element model of asphalt mixture, base...

We present a novel technique based on matrix pencil assisted deconvolution to improve the measurement resolution in scanning receiver systems for microwave frequency measurements. By modeling the scanning receiver output as the cross-correlation of t...

Network traffic has increased rapidly in recent years, mainly associated with the massive growth of various applications on mobile devices. Named data networking (NDN) technology has been proposed as a future Internet architecture for effectively han...

One of the challenges in fine-grained classification is that subcategories with significant similarity are hard to be distinguished due to the equal treatment of all subcategories in existing algorithms. In order to solve this problem, a fine-grained...

To satisfy human needs and desires, it is necessary to produce goods and services that require the use of some production factors, such as labor, capital, and energy, among others. Nowadays, energy is a key production factor for economic activity in...

This paper presents an image-based micromechanical modeling approach for simulating the damage-couple viscoelastic response of asphalt mixture. Details of the numerical damage-couple viscoelastic constitutive formulation implemented in a finite eleme...

This paper proposes a cuff-less systolic blood pressure (SBP) estimation method using partial least-squares (PLS) regression. Level-crossing features (LCFs) were used in this method, which were extracted from the contour lines arbitrarily drawn on th...

Currently, the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of GaInN-based green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is still low. To overcome this problem, surface plasmon (SP)-enhanced LEDs have been intensively studied for the last 15 years. For an SP effect in gre...

Nonlinearity exists widely in civil engineering structures; for example, the initiation and growth of damage under dynamic loadings is a typical nonlinear process. To date, for the purpose of structural evaluation and a better understanding nonlinear...

Gradation segregation strongly affects the service performance of asphalt pavement. However, rare studies focus on the influences of segregation on asphalt mixture as it is difficult to simulate segregation in a laboratory. This paper presents a rese...