Social Sciences

19 pages, 2119 KB

Open AccessArticle

Asylum Seekers’ Rights Denied and Border Communities Disrupted: Ethnographic Accounts on the 2023 Border Closure in Lukeville, Arizona

by Brittany Romanello, Gustavo Sanchez-Bachman and Jesus Orozco

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 617; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100617 (registering DOI) - 16 Oct 2025

Abstract

This paper examines the humanitarian, social, and economic disruptions resulting from the 2023–2024 closure of the Lukeville, Arizona, Port of Entry (PoE). Drawing on collaborative ethnographic fieldwork, including semi-structured and informal interviews, observation, and participation in local community events, we examine how a [...] Read more.

This paper examines the humanitarian, social, and economic disruptions resulting from the 2023–2024 closure of the Lukeville, Arizona, Port of Entry (PoE). Drawing on collaborative ethnographic fieldwork, including semi-structured and informal interviews, observation, and participation in local community events, we examine how a rural, unincorporated community handled a historic border closure. Further, we analyze how the closure impacted migrants, especially asylum seekers, who were excluded from protection due to bureaucratic and discretionary decision-making. The closure not only disrupted asylum access but also humanitarian aid networks, local economies, cross-border families, and Indigenous sovereignty, producing a geography of sanctioned neglect. These findings demonstrate how federal enforcement decisions, often made without considering borderland communities’ realities, frequently lead to their further destabilization while these areas are already navigating structural abandonment. We conclude with recommendations emphasizing harm reduction and preparation practices to mitigate future disruptions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Migration, Citizenship and Social Rights)

24 pages, 374 KB

Open AccessArticle

Understanding Suicide in Young Adults: Comparative Insights from Spain and Japan Through the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide

by Noelia Lucía Martínez-Rives, Pilar Martín Chaparro, Kenichi Asano and Yasuhiro Kotera

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 616; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100616 (registering DOI) - 16 Oct 2025

Abstract

Background: (1) Cultural differences at the interpersonal level among young adults are evident; however, how the application of the interpersonal theory of suicide (ITS) varies between different populations remains to be evaluated. This exploratory study investigated the cross-cultural relevance of the ITS constructs [...] Read more.

Background: (1) Cultural differences at the interpersonal level among young adults are evident; however, how the application of the interpersonal theory of suicide (ITS) varies between different populations remains to be evaluated. This exploratory study investigated the cross-cultural relevance of the ITS constructs in young adults from Spain n = 260 and Japan n = 177. (2) Methods: All participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and acquired capability for suicide. We explored whether each construct was associated with suicide risk severity in both samples and whether the strength of the effects of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness differed between groups. (3) Results: Stepwise multiple regression analyses suggested that ‘perceived burdensomeness’ may be a key predictor of suicide risk in both samples, while the joint effect of ITS variables showed no significant contribution. (4) Conclusion: These preliminary findings offer insights into the possible cultural adaptation of suicide prevention strategies for young adults from Spain and Japan, highlighting areas for future confirmatory research. Full article

19 pages, 2017 KB

Open AccessArticle

Home Beyond Borders: Turkish Wedding Ceremonies as the Embodied Extension of Diasporic Space in German-Turkish Context

by Seyma Ayyıldız and Nagehan Hisar

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 614; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100614 (registering DOI) - 16 Oct 2025

Abstract

This article examines Turkish wedding ceremonies within the German-Turkish diasporic context, viewing them as dynamic sites of cultural citizenship and diasporic belonging. While existing scholarship has largely concentrated on the institutional aspects of integration and citizenship, this study redirects focus to the vernacular, [...] Read more.

This article examines Turkish wedding ceremonies within the German-Turkish diasporic context, viewing them as dynamic sites of cultural citizenship and diasporic belonging. While existing scholarship has largely concentrated on the institutional aspects of integration and citizenship, this study redirects focus to the vernacular, performative, and visually mediated expressions of identity evident in everyday diasporic life. Employing digital ethnography and visual discourse analysis, the research investigates user-generated content on platforms such as YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok, specifically content tagged with keywords like “Turkish wedding Germany”. The analysis reveals how wedding rituals serve as public performances where national symbols, religious practices, traditional music, and attire converge to express collective identity, assert cultural visibility, and negotiate belonging within the German socio-political landscape. The study identifies three interconnected themes: the reproduction of national imaginaries and symbolic belongings, the continuity of heritage and tradition, and the ritualization of religious practices in transnational contexts. By emphasising the embodied and affective dimensions of these performances, the article illustrates how mediated marriage rituals function as hybrid cultural practices that challenge marginalisation and promote diasporic connectivity. This research contributes to broader discussions on mediated diasporic identities by providing a comprehensive view of how everyday cultural performances serve as symbolic tools for maintaining a sense of home beyond national boundaries. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Family Studies)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 1500 KB

Open AccessArticle

University Social Incubators and the Social and Solidarity Economy: Comparative Insights from Argentina and Brazil

by Mario Coscarello, Rodolfo Edgardo Pastore and Paula Arzadun

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 613; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100613 (registering DOI) - 16 Oct 2025

Abstract

University social incubators have been emerging as relevant instruments within the Third Mission of higher education institutions, as they contribute not only to entrepreneurship and innovation but also to the promotion of the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE). While the literature on technological [...] Read more.

University social incubators have been emerging as relevant instruments within the Third Mission of higher education institutions, as they contribute not only to entrepreneurship and innovation but also to the promotion of the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE). While the literature on technological and business incubators is extensive, limited attention has been devoted to university social incubators and their role in strengthening SSE initiatives. This article presents partial results of a broader international research project, focusing specifically on the survey data collected in Argentina and Brazil. The comparative analysis highlights that, in both countries, university social incubators are more numerous than in many European contexts. In Brazil, the institutionalization of public programs such as PRONINC and ITCP has enabled universities to consolidate their engagement with SSE, while in Argentina experiences are more fragmented and less supported by stable policy frameworks. The findings show that university social incubators play a distinctive role in supporting cooperative projects, social enterprises, and community-based initiatives. They act as bridges between universities and local territories, fostering inclusive and sustainable development. Finally, the article discusses the managerial implications for incubator managers, universities, and SSE actors, as well as policy recommendations for decision-makers seeking to integrate SSE into innovation and development strategies. In doing so, the study contributes to the international debate on university incubators by moving beyond technology-oriented models and emphasizing their social transformative potential. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Social Economics)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 276 KB

Open AccessArticle

Social Inclusion of Immigrant Irish Primary School Children: Urbanicity, School Size and School Composition

by Martin H. Jones, Jennifer E. Symonds, Neil Kaye, Seaneen Sloan, Dympna Devine, Gabriela Martinez Sainz and Olga Ioannidou

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100612 - 15 Oct 2025

Abstract

Given world immigration patterns, understanding immigrant children’s social inclusion is crucial, especially the role of school characteristics. The current study examines how individual- and school-level factors shape immigrant children’s peer relationship In Ireland, a context that has experienced rapid demographic change by remains [...] Read more.

Given world immigration patterns, understanding immigrant children’s social inclusion is crucial, especially the role of school characteristics. The current study examines how individual- and school-level factors shape immigrant children’s peer relationship In Ireland, a context that has experienced rapid demographic change by remains underexplored in the literature. Drawing on social network theory, we analyse data from 2244 primary school children across 98 schools, using measures of peer group size, friendship nominations, and network centrality to capture social inclusion. Multilevel regression models show that immigrant children report smaller peer groups compared to non-immigrant peers, while minority language use is consistently associated with lower levels of social centrality. Contrary to expectations, school size and urbanicity had limited effects, and classrooms with a higher proportion of immigrant students were associated with reduced inclusion overall, although immigrant children themselves benefitted somewhat from greater classroom diversity. Family affluence was positively associated with all measures of inclusion, highlighting the role of socioeconomic inequalities alongside migration background. The findings underscore the complex and multifaceted nature of social inclusion, showing that both structural and interpersonal dynamics shape immigrant children’s experiences in Irish schools, and pointing to the need for targeted strategies to address linguistic and socioeconomic barriers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Childhood and Youth Studies)

36 pages, 391 KB

Open AccessArticle

Taking Stock of South African Responses to Homelessness: Advocating for Victim-Inclusive and Protective Policy Reform

by Jean-Paul Pophaim

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 611; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100611 - 15 Oct 2025

Abstract

Homelessness remains a neglected and under-prioritized area of policy intervention in South Africa. Without a national policy framework, homelessness is generally overlooked, resulting in intermittent, fragmented and ineffective responses. The lack of attention has contributed to a concerning rise in both at-risk and [...] Read more.

Homelessness remains a neglected and under-prioritized area of policy intervention in South Africa. Without a national policy framework, homelessness is generally overlooked, resulting in intermittent, fragmented and ineffective responses. The lack of attention has contributed to a concerning rise in both at-risk and street-based homeless populations, who continue to face challenges in accessing effective support. Using document analysis, the paper maps the content of six local homelessness policies. The findings reveal that the documents adhere to a rigid and static framework, thereby failing to capture the complex contextual and conceptual factors associated with homelessness. A notable shortcoming is the limited focus on and response to experiences of victimization. Using the Health Policy Triangle (HPT), the paper aligns the key findings with the four dimensions of the framework to advocate for inclusive, protective and victim-sensitive policy recommendations to aid in the development of holistic and humane responses to homelessness in South Africa. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Social Policy and Welfare)

29 pages, 747 KB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Hate Speech on Social Media: A Systemic Narrative Review of Political Science Contributions

by Cigdem Kentmen-Cin

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 610; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100610 - 15 Oct 2025

Abstract

Cross-national public opinion surveys show that a significant majority of young people are frequently exposed to hateful content on social media, which suggest the need to better understand its political implications. This systematic narrative literature review addresses three key questions: (1) Which factors [...] Read more.

Cross-national public opinion surveys show that a significant majority of young people are frequently exposed to hateful content on social media, which suggest the need to better understand its political implications. This systematic narrative literature review addresses three key questions: (1) Which factors have been explored in political science as the main drivers of hate speech on social media? (2) What do empirical studies in political science suggest about the political consequences of online hate speech? (3) What strategies have been proposed within the political science literature to address and counteract these dynamics? Based on an analysis of 79 research articles published in the field of political science and international relations retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, this review found that online hate is linked to social media platform policies, national and international regulatory frameworks, perceived threats to in-group identity, far-right and populist rhetoric, politically significant events such as elections, the narratives of traditional media, the post-truth environment, and historical animosities. The literature shows that hate speech normalizes discriminatory behavior, silences opposing voices, and mobilizes organized hate. In response, political science research underscores the importance of online deterrence mechanisms, counter-speech, allyship, and digital literacy as strategies to combat hate during the social media era. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section International Politics and Relations)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

26 pages, 1308 KB

Open AccessArticle

Women’s Wise Walkshops: A Participatory Feminist Approach to Urban Co-Design in Ferrara, Italy

by Letizia Carrera

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 609; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100609 - 15 Oct 2025

Abstract

This paper presents the Women’s Wise Walkshops (WWW) project, a participatory feminist methodology for urban co-design implemented in Ferrara, Italy. The research explores how women’s situated knowledge and lived experiences can inform inclusive urban planning through collaborative urban traversals and participatory design processes. [...] Read more.

This paper presents the Women’s Wise Walkshops (WWW) project, a participatory feminist methodology for urban co-design implemented in Ferrara, Italy. The research explores how women’s situated knowledge and lived experiences can inform inclusive urban planning through collaborative urban traversals and participatory design processes. Drawing on feminist epistemologies and combining elements of flâneuserie and Situationist dérive, the WWW methodology employs a seven-phase approach including semi-structured interviews, focus groups, urban walkshops, and collective mapping exercises. The study involved approximately 110 women across two distinct neighborhoods—Arianuova-Giardino and Krasnodar—representing diverse socio-demographic backgrounds. Through a thematic analysis of interviews, visual documentation, and post-walkshop discussions, six key thematic clusters emerged: safety, public space, mobility systems, community spaces and associations, public services for citizens, and participatory processes. The findings reveal that women’s perspectives from marginalized positions provide critical insights into urban inequalities and offer transformative visions for more inclusive cities. The research shows that structured participatory processes not only generate valuable urban policy recommendations but also foster community cohesion, democratic engagement, and spatial justice. The WWW methodology represents a significant contribution to feminist urban studies and participatory planning, offering a replicable framework for integrating women’s voices into urban governance and design processes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Community and Urban Sociology)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 506 KB

Open AccessArticle

Safety in Numbers? Does Family Social Capital Moderate the Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Intimate Partner Violence?

by Sara J. Schiefer and Mikaela J. Dufur

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 608; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100608 - 14 Oct 2025

Abstract

Research demonstrates a positive correlation between experiencing adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and negative outcomes in emerging adulthood. However, relatively little research has examined the potential effects of ACEs on a common experience in emerging adulthood: dating and establishing romantic relationships. This is especially [...] Read more.

Research demonstrates a positive correlation between experiencing adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and negative outcomes in emerging adulthood. However, relatively little research has examined the potential effects of ACEs on a common experience in emerging adulthood: dating and establishing romantic relationships. This is especially true for troubled relationships. We extend this literature by examining a potential mechanism that might moderate the association between ACEs and intimate partner violence (IPV): family social capital. A large body of research establishes family social capital as a protective factor for positive child and youth development. We expand this research by examining how studying family systems might inform efforts to prevent IPV. However, the information, obligations, norms, and connections that make up family social capital may have more tenuous relationships with intimate partner violence, especially for people who have experienced ACEs. We developed a model to analyze this interaction using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). Add Health is a nationally representative study from the United States that initially sampled 20,745 adolescents in Wave 1. We use demographic and data from Wave 1 and IPV measures from Wave 3 data when respondents are in emerging adulthood (ages 18–26) (n = 15,701). We examine whether family social capital is associated with exposure to IPV, as well as whether family social capital can moderate the relationship between experiencing ACEs and exposure to IPV. Our results suggest some protective effects of family social capital on the emergence of IPV for both maternal and paternal social capital, but that family social capital does not fully moderate the damaging effects of ACEs. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 245 KB

Open AccessArticle

Labor Market Integration of Ukrainian Refugees in Romania

by Daniel Teodorescu, Iustin Cornel Petre and Kamer-Ainur Aivaz

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 607; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100607 - 13 Oct 2025

Viewed by 105

Abstract

This study analyzes factors influencing Ukrainian refugee labor market participation in Romania, based on a survey of 399 respondents. The analysis shows that only 21.7% of refugees were employed at the time of the survey. Significant predictors of employment were gender (men had [...] Read more.

This study analyzes factors influencing Ukrainian refugee labor market participation in Romania, based on a survey of 399 respondents. The analysis shows that only 21.7% of refugees were employed at the time of the survey. Significant predictors of employment were gender (men had higher employment rates), marital status (unmarried individuals were more active), and Romanian language proficiency, which tripled the chances of finding a job. Education level, English language skills, age, and number of children did not significantly predict employment. The findings also highlight a strong desire among refugees for language learning and professional training, indicating untapped integration potential. This research contributes to the literature on Ukrainian refugee integration by emphasizing the importance of language support policies and gender-sensitive measures. While acknowledging limitations such as convenience sampling and selection bias, our results offer valuable insights for public policy and future research on refugee integration in Europe. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Refugee Admissions and Resettlement Policies)

17 pages, 283 KB

Open AccessArticle

Between Pain and Hope: How Social Support Improves the Experience and Quality of Life of Chronic Disease Patients in Upper Egypt

by Saudi Mohamed Hassan, Ahmed Thabet Helal Ibrahiem, Wafa Said Al-Maamari, Emad Farouk Saleh, Magdy Mohammed Mustafa and Hosni Ibrahim Abdelghani

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 606; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100606 - 13 Oct 2025

Viewed by 172

Abstract

Chronic diseases, with their long-term pain and suffering, are the main cause of disability and death. In this case, social support is related to better health outcomes for patients with such diseases. This study aims to investigate the relationship between social support and [...] Read more.

Chronic diseases, with their long-term pain and suffering, are the main cause of disability and death. In this case, social support is related to better health outcomes for patients with such diseases. This study aims to investigate the relationship between social support and health quality of life for patients with chronic diseases. It is conducted on 100 patients diagnosed with chronic diseases at Assiut University Hospital in Upper-Egypt through hospital records from January 2025 to April 2025. Data are collected using the Social Support and Health Quality of Life Questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 17. Participants state that the most common type of social support is emotional support, with an average of (2.32), followed by material support, with an average of (2.31), and finally informational support, with an average of (2.29). The results of this study show a statistically significant relationship between social support and quality of life among patients with chronic diseases. Thus, patients who receive greater social support experienced improved health-related quality of life through increased adherence to treatment, the adoption of health-promoting behaviors, and the adoption of healthy lifestyles that positively influence their quality of life. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Community and Urban Sociology)

27 pages, 366 KB

Open AccessReview

Reliance, Support, and Caregiving Among Married LGBTQ+ Americans: Spousal and Family Relationships

by Abbie E. Goldberg, JuliAnna Z. Smith and Brad Sears

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 605; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100605 - 13 Oct 2025

Viewed by 162

Abstract

When LGBTQ+ people get married, they enter into a union that promises mutual reliance and caregiving, such as in the event of financial need or health care crisis. This mixed-methods study explores how 484 married LGBTQ+ individuals in the United States (192 cisgender [...] Read more.

When LGBTQ+ people get married, they enter into a union that promises mutual reliance and caregiving, such as in the event of financial need or health care crisis. This mixed-methods study explores how 484 married LGBTQ+ individuals in the United States (192 cisgender men, 186 cisgender women, 106 trans/nonbinary) (a) negotiate disability (38% of couples) and illness in the context of unpaid and paid labor divisions, (b) provide care for each other, and (c) receive support from family in the face of health or financial needs. Findings revealed diversity in the ways that disability and illness shaped household and paid labor, underscoring how flexibility enabled couples to adapt to changes and highlighting the role of marriage in providing security amidst changes. Logistic regression models examining predictors of family support during health or financial crises revealed that participants in couples in which at least one partner (a) had a disability and/or (b) was a partner’s caregiver had greater odds of reporting receiving help in a health care crisis. Participants who were lower income, younger, and perceived their partners’ families as becoming more accepting after marrying had greater odds of reporting financial help from family. Additionally, disability interacted with gender such that those with a disability in female or trans couples were more likely to report financial help than those without, while the reverse was true for male couples. Participants describe multiple forms of family support, revealing the key role of family support during times of crisis and need. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intimate Relationships in Diverse Social and Cultural Contexts)

10 pages, 207 KB

Open AccessEditorial

Introduction to the Special Issue: Selected Papers from the 21st Roundtable of the International Network (INET) on School, Family, and Community Partnerships

by Joyce L. Epstein, Yolanda Abel and Steven B. Sheldon

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 604; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100604 - 13 Oct 2025

Viewed by 175

Abstract

In April 2024, the International Network (INET) on School, Family, and Community Partnerships conducted its 21st Roundtable in Philadelphia [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 21st Roundtable of the International Network (INET) on School, Family, and Community Partnerships)

16 pages, 398 KB

Open AccessArticle

Beyond Hours: Hidden Profiles of Underemployment in Australia

by Sora Lee and Woojin Kang

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 603; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100603 - 13 Oct 2025

Viewed by 132

Abstract

Underemployment in Australia represents a critical facet of precarious work, shaped not only by insufficient hours and skill underutilisation but also by care responsibilities and financial insecurity. Using data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey, this study employed [...] Read more.

Underemployment in Australia represents a critical facet of precarious work, shaped not only by insufficient hours and skill underutilisation but also by care responsibilities and financial insecurity. Using data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey, this study employed latent class analysis (LCA), a person-centred, model-based clustering method, to uncover hidden subgroups within the underemployed population. Previous studies identify different profiles, but few embed care burden and financial stress as core latent dimensions. This study extends latent class approaches by integrating multidimensional vulnerabilities into subgroup analysis. The LCA analysis revealed four distinct classes. These findings confirmed three hypotheses: (H1) Care burden is a core latent dimension of underemployment (Classes 1 and 2), (H2) economic insecurity is a second defining dimension (Class 3), and (H3) a mental health/social isolation subgroup exists (Class 4). Class 1 exhibits dual care burdens and high representation from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. Class 2, Parents with Children, forms the largest group and is defined by intensive childrearing and caregiving roles. Class 3, Financially Strained Undereducated, includes individuals with low educational attainment experiencing pronounced financial hardship. Class 4, Socially Isolated with Poor Mental Health, represents the smallest yet most disadvantaged group, characterised by severe psychological distress, lack of social support, and acute financial vulnerability. Together, these findings highlight the need for tailored policy responses for diverse experiences among the underemployed and reveal intersecting social and economic disadvantages. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue From Precarious Work to Decent Work)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

24 pages, 469 KB

Open AccessArticle

Church-Led Social Capital and Public-Health Approaches to Youth Violence in Urban Zimbabwe: Perspectives from Church Leaders

by James Ndlovu

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 602; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100602 - 12 Oct 2025

Viewed by 156

Abstract

Youth violence in Zimbabwe’s high-density suburbs has evolved into a severe public-health emergency, entrenching trauma, fuelling substance abuse, and amplifying structural inequities. Christian churches remain the most pervasive civic institutions in these settings, commanding high moral authority, psychosocial reach, and convening power. However, [...] Read more.

Youth violence in Zimbabwe’s high-density suburbs has evolved into a severe public-health emergency, entrenching trauma, fuelling substance abuse, and amplifying structural inequities. Christian churches remain the most pervasive civic institutions in these settings, commanding high moral authority, psychosocial reach, and convening power. However, the mechanisms by which churches mitigate violence, and the constraints they face, continue to be under-researched. Grounded in socio-economic model lens and faith-based social capital theory, this study interrogates the intersections between youth violence and church responses in Zimbabwe’s urban centres. The study adopts a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with church leaders. Twenty (20) church leaders from mainline, Pentecostal, and Apostolic traditions were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling to capture denominational diversity and varying levels of programme engagement. Interviews probed leaders’ perceptions of youth-violence drivers, theological framings of non-violence, practical interventions (e.g., trauma-healing liturgies, anti-drug ministries, peer-mentorship schemes), and institutional constraints such as resource scarcity and political pressures. Data was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The findings indicate three interconnected mechanisms through which churches mitigate the cycle of violence. Nevertheless, gendered participation gaps, theological ambivalence toward activism, and limited alignment with municipal safety strategies continue to pose challenges to these efforts. By positioning churches within Zimbabwe’s broader violence-prevention ecology, the study offers an empirically grounded blueprint for integrating faith actors into city-level public-health strategies and contributes towards evidence-based, structural solutions to urban youth violence. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Youth Violence and the Urban Response)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

26 pages, 493 KB

Open AccessArticle

Unraveling the Heterogeneity of Electoral Abstention: Profiles, Motivations, and Paths to a More Inclusive Democracy in Portugal

by Nuno Almeida and Jean-Christophe Giger

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 601; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100601 - 11 Oct 2025

Viewed by 132

Abstract

Electoral abstention is a growing phenomenon in contemporary democracies, raising concerns about the representativeness and legitimacy of elected governments, particularly in Portugal where youth participation remains low. This study explores the heterogeneity of non-voting behavior by comparing insights from voters and non-voters through [...] Read more.

Electoral abstention is a growing phenomenon in contemporary democracies, raising concerns about the representativeness and legitimacy of elected governments, particularly in Portugal where youth participation remains low. This study explores the heterogeneity of non-voting behavior by comparing insights from voters and non-voters through online focus groups. Employing content analysis on qualitative data from 42 participants, the research identifies distinct non-voter profiles, systemic barriers, and potential pathways to increased participation. Key findings reveal heterogeneous abstainer types—including disbelieving citizens, disinterested youth, pragmatic non-voters, and protest non-voters—driven by distrust, practical obstacles, and insufficient political literacy. Despite non-voting, many express conditional willingness to participate in high-stakes scenarios or following reforms. The study concludes that addressing these barriers requires holistic measures, such as enhanced civic education, technological voting modernization, and improved political representation, to foster trust and democratic engagement. These insights offer actionable recommendations for policymakers to enhance voter turnout and strengthen democratic legitimacy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section International Politics and Relations)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

24 pages, 353 KB

Open AccessArticle

Narratives of Abandonment: A Media-Based Analysis of School Dropout and Youth Recruitment in Conflict Zones of Ecuador

by Fernanda Tusa, Santiago Tejedor and Ignacio Aguaded

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 600; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100600 - 10 Oct 2025

Viewed by 282

Abstract

School dropout and the recruitment of minors by criminal organizations have become deeply intertwined phenomena in Ecuador, particularly in territories marked by extreme violence and institutional fragility. This study investigates how Ecuadorian national media construct and frame these issues in 2025, using a [...] Read more.

School dropout and the recruitment of minors by criminal organizations have become deeply intertwined phenomena in Ecuador, particularly in territories marked by extreme violence and institutional fragility. This study investigates how Ecuadorian national media construct and frame these issues in 2025, using a qualitative content analysis of 85 opinion columns, editorials and analytical pieces published in leading outlets including El Comercio, El Universo, La Hora, Primicias, GK, Vistazo and Mercurio. Through a critical analysis of discursive patterns, the study identifies dominant narratives that reflect the normalization of violence, the erosion of schools as protective spaces, polarized portrayals of youth as victims or delinquents and a general critique of state inaction. Media narratives were found to vary ideologically, with some reinforcing stigma while others advocated for structural reform and rights-based approaches. The results highlight the role of media in shaping public understanding of educational exclusion and juvenile vulnerability in contexts of conflict. This research concludes that while Ecuadorian media serve as both mirrors and mediators of social crisis, their potential to influence educational policy and child protection efforts remains uneven. A more inclusive, critical and community-oriented media discourse is needed to confront the challenges of educational abandonment and youth recruitment. Full article

29 pages, 477 KB

Open AccessArticle

Reliability and Validation of U.S. Army-Oriented Brief Work-to-Family and Family-to-Work Conflict Scales: An Email Sample of 262 Army Career Officers

by Walter R. Schumm, Glen Bloomstrom, Vance P. Theodore and Roudi Nazarinia Roy

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 599; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100599 - 10 Oct 2025

Viewed by 112

Abstract

Work–family conflicts (WFCs) and family–work conflicts (FWCs) have been found to be important to worker morale and retention as well as family (as defined by the respondents) well-being, with particular importance within the military, as indicated by a number of studies in the [...] Read more.

Work–family conflicts (WFCs) and family–work conflicts (FWCs) have been found to be important to worker morale and retention as well as family (as defined by the respondents) well-being, with particular importance within the military, as indicated by a number of studies in the United States, Canada, and European countries. However, few studies have focused on the impact of WFC and FWC for high ranking officers and their families. This study involved two samples of officers attending an advanced leadership course at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, in 2007, featuring a total of 262 Army officers and another 45 officers from other services and countries. The sample of Army officers included 239 men (85.4% of whom were a parent) and 22 women (63.6% of whom were a parent; Fisher’s Exact Test, p < 0.02), with one missing case for sex. Of the men and women, respectively, most were married for the first time (190/11), with some never married (14/5), married but divorced (10/1), married/divorced/remarried (20/4), married/spouse died/remarried (1/0), married/divorced/remarried/divorced/remarried (4/0), and married/divorced/remarried/divorced/remarried (0/1). Measures for cohabitation or same-sex partnerships were not used. Two modified measures of WFC and FWC of four items each were tested and found to represent different factors and to have high internal consistency reliability. In general we found few sex differences, but female officers seemed to be more influenced by family–work conflict than male officers. One of our most substantial findings was that work–family conflict was more prevalent than family–work conflict within our sample. Also, we found that marital satisfaction tended to be higher than parental satisfaction and that officers usually found their own retention intentions to be higher than their perception of that of their spouses. Satisfaction with the military was consistently and strongly related to lower levels of work–family conflict while similar but weaker trends were found for family–work conflict. Most of our results were found to cross-validate with a subsample of non-Army officers in our sample. We found bias from marital social desirability to be lower for our marital process scale and for FWC than for marital satisfaction and WFC. In sum, our results confirm adverse effects of deployments and other stressors on military families and a continuing need for military support for families, even among higher ranking officer families. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Family Studies)

20 pages, 1587 KB

Open AccessArticle

Queer, Trans, and/or Nonbinary French as a Second Language (FSL) Teachers’ Embodiment of Inclusivity in Their Teaching Practice

by Robert Grant

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 598; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100598 - 10 Oct 2025

Viewed by 234

Abstract

Increasingly, scholars are attending to questions of identity and power in French as a second language (FSL) education. An underdeveloped area of research is the experience of queer, trans, and nonbinary FSL teachers in Canada. Understanding how marginalized teachers navigate building inclusive and [...] Read more.

Increasingly, scholars are attending to questions of identity and power in French as a second language (FSL) education. An underdeveloped area of research is the experience of queer, trans, and nonbinary FSL teachers in Canada. Understanding how marginalized teachers navigate building inclusive and equitable learning spaces is the focus of this study. To this end, this study used narrative inquiry and photo elicitation methods to understand how—if at all—participants embody inclusivity in their classroom practices. Four themes emerged from this study: (1) (in)visibility of queerness, (2) performing a balancing act, (3) urgency to disrupt, and (4) navigating the teaching of a gendered language. These findings suggest that while participants in this study strive to build inclusive spaces for themselves and their students, external factors, such as fear of opposition and being reprimanded, abound. These findings offer insights into discursive moves to facilitate a meaningfully queered and inclusive FSL learning space, and contributes to the growing body of queer applied linguistics by revealing how queer teachers’ embodied practices can reshape inclusivity in FSL education. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Embodiment of LGBTQ+ Inclusive Education)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 211 KB

Open AccessArticle

Social-Educational Work and the Role of Social Workers in Re-Education Facilities for Youth in Slovakia: A Qualitative Study

by Katarína Vanková

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 597; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100597 - 9 Oct 2025

Viewed by 252

Abstract

The formation of an emotional bond with young people’s parents is crucial for healthy development and serves as a model for future relationships. Disruptions to this bond can result in neurobiological consequences, manifesting as problematic behaviours and social deficits. Social-educational work in re-education [...] Read more.

The formation of an emotional bond with young people’s parents is crucial for healthy development and serves as a model for future relationships. Disruptions to this bond can result in neurobiological consequences, manifesting as problematic behaviours and social deficits. Social-educational work in re-education facilities in Slovakia focuses on supporting and rehabilitating young people in conflict with the law, aiming for their reintegration into society. This study presents a qualitative analysis of social workers’ activities across 11 re-education facilities in Slovakia, utilizing semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and field observation. The findings reveal that social workers play an indispensable role in the re-education and resocialization process, providing emotional support, professional counselling, and coordination with multidisciplinary teams. Despite differences in client typology and methodologies among facilities, a shared emphasis exists on restoring social ties and personal development. The effectiveness of social work is influenced by adequate staffing, methodological support, and inter-ministerial cooperation. Implementing targeted recommendations could significantly enhance the effectiveness of the system and improve outcomes for children and young people in institutional care. This study contributes vital insights into how social workers must balance competing interests—such as individual therapeutic needs, institutional constraints, and family and community involvement—to successfully facilitate youth reintegration into society. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Childhood and Youth Studies)

18 pages, 1839 KB

Open AccessArticle

Adolescence and Cyberbullying: A Bibliometric Study in the Context of School, Family and Social Network

by Jose Javier Hueso Romero, Javier Gil Quintana and Cristina Sánchez Romero

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 596; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100596 - 8 Oct 2025

Viewed by 251

Abstract

Cyberbullying or cyberharrassment is a form of harassment or bullying that is carried out through electronic technologies and devices. The article aims to explore the structure of scholarly networks identified through a bibliometric analysis of research on adolescence within the context of postdigital [...] Read more.

Cyberbullying or cyberharrassment is a form of harassment or bullying that is carried out through electronic technologies and devices. The article aims to explore the structure of scholarly networks identified through a bibliometric analysis of research on adolescence within the context of postdigital society. The study focuses on academic output linked to school, family and social environments, using data retrieved from the Web of Science database. Seven hundred documents were obtained, and the networks generated, connections between the different nodes, were analyzed to determine in the results the existence of prominent authors and institutions in the field of cyberbullying. The analysis, conducted using VOSviewer software 1.6.20, reveals that cyberbullying constitutes a growing and significant field of study. It highlights numerous opportunities for advancing research focused on intervention strategies and policy development aimed at addressing this issue. Research reveals that Psychology and Education are key areas, with the United States and Spain as leaders, and prominent authors such as Rosario Ortega and Heidi Vandebosch. Three historical phases are identified: emergence, expansion, and urgency. The findings make it possible to detect trends, research gaps, and to guide educators, policymakers, and technology platforms in the field of digital and media literacy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Mental Health and Well-Being of Children and Adolescents in the Digital Age)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 250 KB

Open AccessArticle

Teaching Against Hate in a Globalised World. Lessons from Initial Teacher Education in Chile for Social Work Education

by Jesús Marolla-Gajardo and María Yazmina Lozano-Mas

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 595; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100595 - 8 Oct 2025

Viewed by 214

Abstract

Hate speech comprises expressions that promote discrimination, violence, and the exclusion of individuals or groups based on identity characteristics such as race, gender, religion, or sexual orientation. Social media platforms have provided a space for the amplification of such discourse, fostering a climate [...] Read more.

Hate speech comprises expressions that promote discrimination, violence, and the exclusion of individuals or groups based on identity characteristics such as race, gender, religion, or sexual orientation. Social media platforms have provided a space for the amplification of such discourse, fostering a climate of intolerance that undermines social and democratic coexistence. In the educational sphere, hate speech has a detrimental impact on the initial training of students and teachers. That its presence within school environments contributes to social fragmentation, the deterioration of learning processes, and an increase in violence. Furthermore, such discourse reinforces prejudices and stereotypes that hinder the construction of a critical and pluralistic citizenship. From the outset of teacher education, it is essential to develop pedagogical strategies that foster critical thinking and education in democratic values. Digital literacy and explicit instruction on the impact of hate speech can contribute to the prevention of these exclusionary dynamics. An inclusive and reflective education is key to counteracting the effects of intolerance in contemporary society. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social Work Education in the Context of Globalization: Perceptions, Challenges and Innovations)

16 pages, 238 KB

Open AccessArticle

Transforming Gender and Sexuality Education: An Autoethnographic Journey of Pedagogical Innovation in South African Higher Education

by Jane Rossouw

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 594; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100594 - 7 Oct 2025

Viewed by 309

Abstract

This autoethnographic study examines my transformation as an educator teaching gender and sexuality to future helping professionals in South African higher education. Through systematic analysis of personal journals, teaching reflections, and pedagogical materials collected over 180 contact hours, I explore how innovative approaches [...] Read more.

This autoethnographic study examines my transformation as an educator teaching gender and sexuality to future helping professionals in South African higher education. Through systematic analysis of personal journals, teaching reflections, and pedagogical materials collected over 180 contact hours, I explore how innovative approaches can create collaborative learning environments in traditionally sensitive subject areas. Drawing on critical pedagogy, queer theory, and decolonizing methodologies, the research reveals three interconnected pedagogical innovations: structured vulnerability protocols that transcend traditional “safe space” models, progressive exposure pedagogy that challenges heteronormative assumptions by introducing diverse content early, and indigenous knowledge integration that positions students as knowledge co-creators. The findings demonstrate how my professional evolution from knowledge authority to learning facilitator enabled authentic engagement with diverse epistemologies while maintaining academic rigor. Students consistently contributed concepts absent from academic literature—from social media discourse about sexual identity hierarchies to traditional cultural practices—enriching collective understanding. This study addresses significant gaps in South African literature on tertiary-level sexuality education pedagogy, offering concrete strategies for implementing transformative approaches. The research contributes to autoethnographic scholarship by demonstrating how systematic reflection can generate theoretical insights about collaborative knowledge construction while acknowledging the ongoing challenges of teaching sensitive subjects within complex cultural contexts. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Embodiment of LGBTQ+ Inclusive Education)

13 pages, 251 KB

Open AccessArticle

‘It’s Not a Subject You Can Sugar-Coat’—An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Service Providers’ Experiences of Delivering a Domestic Abuse Awareness Intervention

by Louise Wallace, Keeley Ann Froggatt, Henry William Lennon and Dean Fido

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 593; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100593 - 4 Oct 2025

Viewed by 587

Abstract

With 2.3 million people in the UK having experienced domestic abuse (DA) in the year ending March 2024, DA represents a severe public health issue. Public interest in DA remains high, with its importance and impact re-emphasised through recent legislative changes. Thus, educating [...] Read more.

With 2.3 million people in the UK having experienced domestic abuse (DA) in the year ending March 2024, DA represents a severe public health issue. Public interest in DA remains high, with its importance and impact re-emphasised through recent legislative changes. Thus, educating the public about the predictors and consequences of DA and barriers to gaining support can both empower potential victims and enable them to recognise and support others. The CEASE Educational Programme is one such intervention, provided by UK-based DA charity RemediUK. This study employed semi-structured interviews and interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore the experiences of staff (n = 6) who had facilitated the CEASE Educational Programme. Two overarching themes relating to barriers to delivery were highlighted: (1) understanding participants’ lack of engagement, and (2) a desire to fill the gaps. Our findings indicate a need to explore how DA education can best target those who would benefit from it the most, and in doing so, identify attitudes and beliefs endorsing DA, and how to best educate those with personal experiences of abuse. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Work in Understanding and Reducing Domestic Violence)

22 pages, 931 KB

Open AccessArticle

Toward 2030: Inequities in Higher Education Access in Southeast Asia

by Lin Wai Phyo and Sonia Ilie

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 592; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100592 - 4 Oct 2025

Viewed by 282

Abstract

The Sustainable Development Goals have galvanized efforts to improve access to higher education globally. While higher education has expanded over the last decade, access inequities endure, with economic deprivation, gender, and other dimensions of marginalization shaping individual opportunities to engage with higher education. [...] Read more.

The Sustainable Development Goals have galvanized efforts to improve access to higher education globally. While higher education has expanded over the last decade, access inequities endure, with economic deprivation, gender, and other dimensions of marginalization shaping individual opportunities to engage with higher education. Regional differences have also emerged, with some higher education systems growing at a rapid pace, driven by a variety of policy initiatives. This paper explores higher education access inequities in the Southeast Asian context, where a period of rapid higher education expansion has recently given way to complex patterns of access, against diverging national directions for higher education development. Using large-scale nationally representative data from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), this paper traces patterns of inequitable higher education access in eight Southeast Asian countries over time. This paper then discusses country-specific policy initiatives, and the levers they deploy in trying to lower higher education inequities. It explores how these country-specific policy initiatives aiming at equality or equity in higher education access sit alongside periods of sector expansion and wealth-based gaps in higher education access, to conclude about potential policy shifts which may support work towards more equitable systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Class Divide in Higher Education: Compounding Privilege, Multiplying Barriers)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 281 KB

Open AccessArticle

Explaining Wealth-Based Disparities in Higher Education Attendance: The Role of Societal Factors

by Yara Abdelaziz and Elizabeth Buckner

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 591; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100591 - 4 Oct 2025

Viewed by 218

Abstract

This article examines factors associated with wealth-based inequalities in higher education attendance at the national level. We draw on data from 99 countries to calculate two distinct country-level indicators for the extent of wealth-based inequality in higher education attendance, namely the dissimilarity index [...] Read more.

This article examines factors associated with wealth-based inequalities in higher education attendance at the national level. We draw on data from 99 countries to calculate two distinct country-level indicators for the extent of wealth-based inequality in higher education attendance, namely the dissimilarity index (D-Index) and the Human Opportunity Index (HOI). We then examine each indicator’s association with country-level factors using a series of regression models. We find that secondary completion rates, national wealth, economic inequality and the extent of political egalitarianism are all associated with wealth-based disparities in higher education access. However, there are important differences between indicators. Economic inequality is associated with disparities in access but not the level of overall access. In contrast, politically egalitarianism is associated with expanded educational access, but not wealth-based disparities alone. The study suggests that both economic and political equality are associated with higher educational outcomes. Yet, it also cautions that how we conceptualize and measure educational equity can shape our interpretations of the extent of a country’s educational equity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Class Divide in Higher Education: Compounding Privilege, Multiplying Barriers)

26 pages, 673 KB

Open AccessArticle

Can I Be Myself Here? LGBTQ+ Teachers in Church of England Schools

by Rhiannon Love and Julie Wharton

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 590; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100590 - 4 Oct 2025

Viewed by 397

Abstract

Set against the current societal and religious contexts that Church of England schools find themselves positioned in, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer, Plus (LGBTQ+) teachers must navigate the contested space between their embodied identity and expectations of others. Whilst this research focuses specifically [...] Read more.

Set against the current societal and religious contexts that Church of England schools find themselves positioned in, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer, Plus (LGBTQ+) teachers must navigate the contested space between their embodied identity and expectations of others. Whilst this research focuses specifically on Church of England schools in England, broader questions of belonging, purpose, and pedagogy are argued to transcend geographical and denominational boundaries. In this series of six interviews with teachers at different career stages who work, or have worked, in Church of England secondary and primary schools, we explore their lived experience of balancing their queer identity against the professional standards of teaching and the views of the school community. Five LGBTQ+ teachers and one ally were interviewed—all but one of whom hold or held senior leadership positions. Key foci for the researchers were discussions around the often-unacknowledged pressure and responsibility that teachers might feel for being a role model for the LGBTQ+ community, with particular nuances due to the Church school context, and, in particular, if the teachers felt that the school environment enabled them to be their authentic selves. An overarching concern was the extent to which LGBTQ+ teachers felt that they were able to thrive in these communities. One consideration for the authors was a hope that key messages could be shared with Diocesan Education Leaders that might enable future generations of LGBTQ+ teachers to feel that they were being appropriately supported and enabled. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Embodiment of LGBTQ+ Inclusive Education)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 487 KB

Open AccessArticle

Sociodemographic and Psychological Profile of Offenders in Alternative Penal Measures: A Comparative Study of the TASEVAL, PRIA-MA, and reGENER@r Programs

by Ana Isabel Sánchez, Aida Fernández, Almudena Lorite, Clotilde Berzosa Sáez, Elena Miró, María Pilar Martínez and Raúl Quevedo-Blasco

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 589; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100589 - 3 Oct 2025

Viewed by 264

Abstract

Gender-based violence (GBV) and traffic offenses pose significant public health challenges and contribute to widespread social issues globally. This study examines the sociodemographic and psychological profiles of individuals who commit traffic offenses and GBV, focusing on three alternative penal programs: TASEVAL (for traffic [...] Read more.

Gender-based violence (GBV) and traffic offenses pose significant public health challenges and contribute to widespread social issues globally. This study examines the sociodemographic and psychological profiles of individuals who commit traffic offenses and GBV, focusing on three alternative penal programs: TASEVAL (for traffic offenses), PRIA-MA, and reGENER@r (both for GBV). The study involved 54 participants distributed across these programs, using various psychometric tests to assess their profiles. Participants across the three programs (TASEVAL, PRIA-MA, and reGENER@R) were comparable in age (mean range 39.13–40.69 years) and nationality, with roughly half having prior contact with the justice system. Educational levels varied, with TASEVAL participants mainly completing secondary education (43.8%), PRIA-MA participants primary education (43.8%), and reGENER@R participants post-secondary education (59.1%). Employment status differed slightly, with TASEVAL and reGENER@R participants mainly employed (62.5% and 63.6%, respectively), while most PRIA-MA participants were unemployed (56.3%). Family characteristics varied across groups. In TASEVAL, having a partner and no children predominated (62.5% and 31.3%); in PRIA-MA, not having a partner and having two children predominated (62.5% and 37.5%); and, in reGENER@R, not having a partner and having one child predominated (59.1% and 31.8%). No significant differences were observed in sociodemographic variables. Regarding psychological characteristics, results across all groups indicate a marked presence of psychopathological symptoms and difficulties in emotional intelligence domains, with a significant correlation between psychological traits and coping strategies. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring alternative penal measures to the specific characteristics of each group to enhance effectiveness and reduce recidivism. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessment and Intervention with Victims and Offenders)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 253 KB

Open AccessArticle

Partner Characteristics as a Risk Factor for Gender-Based Violence Among Sub-Saharan African Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

by Judith Ifunanya Ani and Lucky Norah Katende-Kyenda

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 588; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100588 - 3 Oct 2025

Viewed by 293

Abstract

This study examined how partner characteristics contribute to gender-based violence (GBV) risk among women in Sub-Saharan Africa. Guided by two research questions—how partner characteristics influence GBV, and which characteristics are the strongest predictors—we tested four hypotheses regarding partner education, age difference, alcohol use, [...] Read more.

This study examined how partner characteristics contribute to gender-based violence (GBV) risk among women in Sub-Saharan Africa. Guided by two research questions—how partner characteristics influence GBV, and which characteristics are the strongest predictors—we tested four hypotheses regarding partner education, age difference, alcohol use, and controlling behaviours. Using nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey data from 25 Sub-Saharan African countries (2012–2022), we conducted descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses of 122,477 ever-married women aged 15–49. Findings revealed that partner characteristics significantly predicted GBV. Women with partners who had no education experienced higher GBV rates (31.6%) compared to those with partners who attained tertiary education (5.7%). Age differences of six years or more were associated with higher GBV prevalence (39.9%). Controlling behaviour emerged as the strongest predictor, with 87.7% of women with controlling partners reporting GBV. Alcohol use and frequency of drunkenness also strongly increased the odds of violence; women whose partners were often drunk had 6.75 times higher odds of emotional violence. These results confirmed the hypotheses and underscore the central role of partner characteristics in shaping GBV risks. Policy and programmatic interventions should address male alcohol misuse, promote gender-equitable attitudes, and expand women’s access to education. Targeting partner-level risk factors is essential for reducing GBV and advancing progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals in Sub-Saharan Africa. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gender Studies)

26 pages, 12028 KB

Open AccessArticle

Negotiating Safety and Belonging: Children’s Experiences of Independent Mobility and Autonomy in Low-Income High-Density Neighborhoods

by Lee Ning, Noor Hashimah Hashim Lim and Mastura Adam

Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(10), 587; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14100587 - 2 Oct 2025

Viewed by 329

Abstract

Children’s neighborhood mobility has been widely examined through either independent movement or psychological autonomy, yet few studies consider how these dimensions intersect in the lived realities of low-income, high-density environments. This study explores how neighborhood conditions simultaneously constrain and enable children’s experiences of [...] Read more.

Children’s neighborhood mobility has been widely examined through either independent movement or psychological autonomy, yet few studies consider how these dimensions intersect in the lived realities of low-income, high-density environments. This study explores how neighborhood conditions simultaneously constrain and enable children’s experiences of mobility and autonomy, focusing on People’s Housing Project (PPR) estates in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Using a qualitative, child-centered approach, data were collected through child-led walks and mental mapping with 23 children aged 7–12. The child-led walks revealed everyday hazards that restricted children’s freedom of movement and heightened concerns for safety. Conversely, the mental maps highlighted intangible but significant attachments that fostered a sense of belonging, pride, and autonomy despite material deprivation. Together, these findings illustrate that children’s well-being depends not only on opportunities for independent mobility but also on affective and symbolic dimensions of autonomy embedded in their neighborhood environments. The study concludes that planning and housing policies must move beyond efficiency and density to address children’s rights to safe, supportive, and meaningful spaces that nurture both freedom of movement and autonomy in everyday life. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Childhood and Youth Studies)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Soc. Sci., Volume 14, Issue 10 (October 2025) – 49 articles

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI