Cells, Volume 14, Issue 8

Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) play a crucial role in hepatic homeostasis, clearance, and microcirculatory regulation. Their fenestrations—patent transcellular pores—are essential for proper liver function, yet disappear in pa...

CD4⁺ T cells have been well-regarded as “helper” cells in activating the cytotoxicity of CD8⁺ T cells for effective tumor eradication, while few studies have focused on whether CD8⁺ T cells regulate CD4⁺ T cells. Our previous studies prov...

A significant increase in life expectancy worldwide has resulted in a growing aging population, accompanied by a rise in aging-related diseases that pose substantial societal, economic, and medical challenges. This trend has prompted extensive effort...

Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) pose a significant health burden due to their asymptomatic progression, often culminating in life-threatening aortic rupture, and due to the lack of effective pharmacological treatments. Risk factors include elevated...

We showed that multiple inflammatory cytokines (e.g., CCL5, CXCL12, CX3CL1, CD40L, and FGF2) bind to the allosteric site (site 2) of integrins, distinct from the classical RGD-binding site (site 1), and allosterically activate integrins. A major infl...

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) has recently been discovered as an alternative mechanism for nourishing cancer cells in vivo. During VM, tumor cells align and organize themselves into three-dimensional (3D) channel-like structures to transport nutrients an...

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are not only promising biomarkers of disease, but also potential therapeutic targets. Overproduction or the improper clearance of NETs has been linked to disease severity. In vitro NET degradation assays can reve...

Low back pain is a widespread condition that significantly impacts quality of life, with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) being a major contributing factor. However, the underlying mechanisms of IDD remain poorly understood, necessitating furth...

Vascular basement membranes (BMs), composed of laminins, collagen IV, fibronectin, and perlecan, are secreted by endothelial cells, pericytes, smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and astrocytes. In the brain, amyloid beta (Aβ) is eliminated along cerebr...

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant disease in women worldwide. Several studies have reported that microRNA-146a (miR-146a) dysregulation plays a role in multiple cancers, including BC. However, the mechanism underlying this association i...

Multipotent vascular stem cells (MVSCs) are found in the vascular wall and surrounding tissues and possess the ability to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages. Previous studies have shown that MVSCs can be activated in response to vascular injury...

Psoriasis and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are chronic autoimmune diseases sharing common immunological pathways, particularly the involvement of interleukin 17 (IL-17), driving Th17-mediated inflammation. This review explores the overlap between...

Vascular dementia (VaD) is a heterogeneous group of brain disorders caused by cerebrovascular pathologies and the second most common cause of dementia, accounting for over 20% of cases and posing an important global health concern. VaD can be caused...

Cellular senescence regulates aging, tissue maintenance, and disease progression through the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), a secretory profile of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and matrix-remodeling enzymes. While transien...

Rates of depression and anxiety have increased significantly in recent decades, with many patients experiencing treatment-resistant symptoms. Beyond psychiatric manifestations, these conditions are associated with heightened risks of suicide, cardiov...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration. Traditionally considered a T-cell-mediated disease, the crucial role of B...

Tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) presents two main clinical forms: cutaneous (CL) and mucosal (ML) leishmaniasis affecting skin and nasopharyngeal mucosa. Due to parasite localization through disease stages, recruitment of T cells expressing chemokine...

High-intensity exercise (HIE) induces liver dysfunction and is detrimental to exercise performance. The underlying mechanism and preventive strategy urgently need to be explored. We increased the amount of tryptophan appropriately in the diet and exp...

The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) comprise a fundamental cellular machinery with remarkable versatility in membrane remodeling. It is multifunctional in the multivesicular body (MVB) biogenesis, exosome formation and secr...

As part of chemotherapy regimens, Paclitaxel improves the overall survival of many non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, the development of drug resistance and adverse events limits its clinical usage, reinforcing the need for further...

Manual processing of lipoaspirate can enhance stem cell concentration, thereby improving the take rate, which still represents a major challenge in autologous fat transfer. However, since the preparation consists of many manual steps that are difficu...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the gradual loss of dopamine-producing neurons. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, detrimental immune response, and neuroinflammation are mainly res...

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), a highly conserved member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors, has been identified as a promising therapeutic candidate for colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC). This study was to...

Tumor metabolism has emerged as a critical target in cancer therapy, revolutionizing our understanding of how cancer cells grow, survive, and respond to treatment. Historically, cancer research focused on genetic mutations driving tumorigenesis, but...

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the joints, limiting patients’ mobility and quality of life. Recent studies have shown that patients with AS have a significantly higher risk of developing sev...

The current definition of a postbiotic is a “preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host”. Postbiotics can be mainly classified as metabolites, derived from intestinal bacteria...

Ciliopathies are disorders that affect primary or secondary cellular cilia or structures associated with ciliary function. Primary cilia (PC) are essential for metabolic regulation and embryonic development, and pathogenic variants in cilia-related g...

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies seen in women in developed countries. While patients in the early stages of this cancer show better responses to surgery, adjuvant hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy, patients with recurrence...

Upregulation of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) contributes to aberrant neovascularization in many different diseases. In contrast, LRG1 is not involved in developmental angiogenesis. Here, we investigated the vasculopathic properties of L...

Attempts to activate an anti-tumor immune response in glioblastoma (GBM) have been met with many challenges due to its inherently immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. The degree and mechanisms by which molecularly and phenotypically diverse tumo...

IgE may lead to life-threatening anaphylaxis. Currently, no satisfactory treatment to inhibit IgE production exists. This study aims to explore the anti-IgE effect of berberine (BBR) and possible mechanisms using human tonsil cells. Tonsil cells were...

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear chromatin protein overexpressed in various cancers and linked to tumor progression. Outside the cell, HMGB1 binds to receptors such as the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), promoting m...

Goal-directed reaching movements are extremely accurate to the point that the location, placement, and speed of the limbs are specific from trial to trial. These movements require descending motor commands and feedback modulation from ascending senso...

Megakaryocytes (MKs) are rare, large, polyploid bone marrow (BM) cells responsible for the production of platelets. The identification and characterization of MKs is widely recognized as challenging. Manual microscopy is especially difficult due to t...

Lung cancer with the highest number of new cases diagnosed in Europe and in Poland, remains an example of malignancy with a very poor prognosis despite the recent progress in medicine. Different treatment strategies are now available for cancer thera...

Hypothermia (HT) is used clinically for neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE); however, the brain protection is incomplete and selective regional vulnerability and lifelong consequences remain. Refractory damage and impairment with HT...

Beyond the genomic and proteomic analysis of bulk and single cancer cells, a new focus of cancer research is emerging that is based on the mechanical analysis of cancer cells. Therefore, several biophysical techniques have been developed and adapted....

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer of the pleural lining, primarily associated with asbestos exposure. Despite advancements in multimodal treatment, patient survival remains poor. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT...

Excitotoxicity is a pathological process that occurs in many neurological diseases, such as stroke or epilepsy, and is characterized by the extracellular accumulation of high concentrations of glutamate or other excitatory amino acids (EAAs). Nicotin...

p53 is a tumor suppressor gene and is regarded as one of the most crucial genes in protecting humans against cancer. The protein Mdm2 and its homolog MdmX serve as negative regulators of p53. In nearly half of cancer cells, there is an overexpression...

Heat preconditioning has been shown to promote nutritive perfusion and tissue survival in autologous fat grafting as well as in flap and breast surgery. However, its impact on the vascularization properties of nanofat has not been investigated so far...

Recent advances in drug development allowed for the identification of THRβ-selective thyromimetic TG68 as a very promising lipid lowering and anti-amyloid agent. In the current study, we first investigated the neuroprotective effects of TG68 on...

Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension alter thoracic aorta structure. The role that the outer layer of the aorta, its perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), plays in the pathogenesis of these alterations is poorly understood. In the descending th...

Cancer remains a leading cause of death globally, characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation, tumor growth and metastasis. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and their growth differentiation factor (GDF) relatives are crucial regulators of deve...

Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition resulting from injury or dysfunction in the somatosensory nervous system, which leads to persistent pain and a significant impairment of quality of life. Research has highlighted the complex molecular mechanism...

Patients affected by the rare disease pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) exhibit the calcification of elastic fibers in ocular, dermal, and vascular tissues. These symptoms are triggered by mutations in the ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily C me...

Lithium is prescribed as a mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder and severe depression. However, the mechanism of action of lithium is unknown and there are major side effects associated with prolonged medication. This motivates a search for safer alt...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most malignant pathologies worldwide. A major factor contributing to the poor prognosis of neoplastic diseases is the development of drug resistance. It significantly reduces the utility of most therapeutic protoc...

In the original publication [...]

In recent years, treatments in the field of hematologic malignancies have undergone significant evolution; allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has shifted from an “ultimate” therapy to becoming a component of a...