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Energies, Volume 18, Issue 13

July-1 2025 - 364 articles

Cover Story: This study offers a detailed life-cycle assessment (LCA) of photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy systems, analyzing CO2 emissions and ecological impacts from raw material extraction to disposal, including energy storage. PV systems show emissions of 28–100 [g CO2eq/kWh], depending on factors like production energy mix and panel efficiency. Wind turbines emit 7–38 [g CO2eq/kWh], influenced by turbine type and operating conditions. While operational emissions are low, full life-cycle impacts include biodiversity loss, land use changes, and recycling challenges. The findings highlight the importance of integrated sustainability strategies to ensure that the shift to renewables remains both low-carbon and ecologically responsible. View this paper
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Articles (364)

  • Article
  • Open Access
965 Views
32 Pages

7 July 2025

The transition to passenger car electrification is a crucial step in China’s strategic efforts to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality. However, previous research has not considered the variances in vehicle models. Hence, this study aims t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
568 Views
20 Pages

Assessment of Regulation Capacity Requirements for Sending-End Grids Considering Frequency Security

  • Min Li,
  • Xiaodi Wang,
  • Fang Liu,
  • Xiaming Guo,
  • Dawei Chen and
  • Yunfeng Wen

7 July 2025

With the large-scale integration of converter-based renewable energy into power systems and the large-scale construction of HVDC, risks associated with supply–demand imbalance and post-contingency frequency instability of sending-end power grid...

  • Article
  • Open Access
692 Views
27 Pages

Genetic Characterization of Natural Oil Seeps in the Carpathians and Their Relationship to the Tectonic Structure

  • Wojciech Bieleń,
  • Irena Matyasik,
  • Marek Janiga and
  • Agnieszka Wciślak-Oleszycka

7 July 2025

The paper presents the geochemical characteristics of 26 selected oil seeps, more than half of which are remnants of old oil wells. The samples were collected from three tectonic units: the Magura, Silesian, and Skole units in the Polish part of the...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,243 Views
39 Pages

Synchronverter Control Strategy: A Review of Different Improvements and Applications

  • Michell J. Quintero-Durán,
  • John E. Candelo-Becerra,
  • Mario Eduardo González-Niño,
  • Saúl Andrés Hernández-Moreno and
  • Rodolpho Fernando Váz

7 July 2025

In power grids that integrate renewable energy sources, the virtual synchronous machine (VSM) or synchronverter offers a viable solution to the challenge posed by reduced inertia. This technology employs inverters to transfer power to the electrical...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
934 Views
20 Pages

7 July 2025

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation to evaluate the impacts of air cavities between existing walls and insulated panels on the overall R-values of the retrofitted building envelope systems, addressing a key challenge in exterior envelop...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
684 Views
18 Pages

7 July 2025

Building upon the geological cycle theory, this study proposes fault cycles as a critical component of tectonic cyclicity in petroliferous basins. Focusing on reservoir-controlling faults in the southwestern Qaidam Basin, we systematically analyze fa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,057 Views
28 Pages

7 July 2025

The accurate forecasting of photovoltaic (PV) power is vital for grid stability. This paper presents a hybrid forecasting model that combines Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). The model uses VMD to decompose the...

  • Opinion
  • Open Access
2 Citations
975 Views
18 Pages

7 July 2025

This article proposes recognizing innovation as the European Union’s “fifth freedom”, alongside the free movement of goods, services, capital, and people, with the aim of embedding it into renewable energy legislation. Focusing on r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
776 Views
15 Pages

7 July 2025

The paper is the culmination of research on geometric aspects of assessing the energy demand of a single-family house. In a recent study, two collections of single-family houses were analyzed: (a) a collection of 21 with outlines assumed a priori so...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,124 Views
24 Pages

7 July 2025

The Non-Wire Alternative (NWA) approach has gained attention as a strategy to replace or defer traditional grid infrastructure upgrades by leveraging integrated solutions combining Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) with Distributed Energy Resources (DERs...

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Energies - ISSN 1996-1073