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International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Volume 26, Issue 20

October-2 2025 - 409 articles

Cover Story: HBV remains a major global health concern. Inhibition of the viral Ribonuclease H (RNase H) terminates replication, yet this enzyme remains underexplored as a therapeutic target. We previously identified N-hydroxypyridinedione (HPD) imines and oximes as effective HBV RNase H inhibitors. To further optimize this scaffold, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated new HPD analogues. Docking studies confirmed coordination of the two Mg2+ ions in the catalytic site. The novel HPDs inhibited viral replication with low-micromolar EC50 values, minimal cytotoxicity, and high selectivity, expanding SAR insights toward more potent anti-HBV agents. View this paper
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Articles (409)

  • Article
  • Open Access
452 Views
12 Pages

21 October 2025

Cellular uptake of nanomaterials is based on endocytosis with their endosomal–lysosomal entrapment resulting in enzymatic hydrolysis. Besides biodegradation, the antigen presentation induces innate and adaptive immunity. Our goal was isolation...

  • Article
  • Open Access
343 Views
21 Pages

Decomposition Analysis of Theoretical Raman Spectra for Efficient Interpretation of Experimental Spectra of Thin-Film Functional Materials

  • Marek Doskocz,
  • Łukasz Laskowski,
  • Jacek Kujawski,
  • Agnieszka Karczmarska,
  • Krzysztof Cpałka,
  • Ewelina Lipiec and
  • Magdalena Laskowska

21 October 2025

This study introduces a novel approach for analyzing theoretical Raman spectra, designed to facilitate spectral interpretation, particularly for complex systems such as functional mesoporous silica-based thin films. The proposed methodology relies on...

  • Article
  • Open Access
264 Views
15 Pages

21 October 2025

Environmental pollutants are thought to shape our immune landscape and drive the rise in autoimmune disease incidence worldwide. However, the molecular underpinnings of environmental impact on autoimmunity remain elusive and a quantitative measuremen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
541 Views
18 Pages

21 October 2025

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive, heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer with limited treatment options. Our previous work explored repurposing selinexor, an XPO1 inhibitor, as a novel therapeutic option for TNBC. To enhance its...

  • Article
  • Open Access
360 Views
16 Pages

Markers of Antiviral Response in SLE Patients After Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2

  • Michał Komorniczak,
  • Katarzyna Aleksandra Lisowska,
  • Barbara Bułło-Piontecka,
  • Alicja Dębska-Ślizień and
  • Anna Wardowska

21 October 2025

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN) are at increased risk of severe infections, making effective vaccination strategies essential. While antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have been studied in SLE, less...

  • Review
  • Open Access
679 Views
49 Pages

21 October 2025

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are versatile determinants of cell fate, tipping the balance between survival and death. By exceeding critical thresholds or perturbing compartment-specific signaling, ROS can initiate, modulate, or suppress regulated ce...

  • Editorial
  • Open Access
477 Views
13 Pages

21 October 2025

Psychiatry stands at a turning point, where molecular insights promise to revolutionize how we diagnose, monitor, and treat neuropsychiatric conditions, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, depression, dementia, and schizophrenia (SCZ), am...

  • Article
  • Open Access
532 Views
33 Pages

Discovery of N-Hydroxypyridinedione-Based Inhibitors of HBV RNase H: Design, Synthesis, and Extended SAR Studies

  • Dea Chotzalli,
  • Vasiliki Pardali,
  • Holly M. Walden,
  • Dimitrios Perivolaris,
  • Dimitrios Moianos,
  • Maria Makri,
  • Antonios Drakopoulos,
  • Erofili Giannakopoulou,
  • Razia Tajwar and
  • Molly E. Woodson
  • + 2 authors

21 October 2025

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) continues to pose a significant global health challenge, with over 254 million chronic infections and current therapies being non-curative, necessitating lifelong treatment. The HBV ribonuclease H (RNase H) is essential during...

  • Review
  • Open Access
618 Views
32 Pages

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) as a Dietary Strategy for Enhancing Temperature Stress Resilience in Aquaculture Species

  • Abayomi Oladimeji Ogun,
  • Mohammad Moniruzzaman,
  • Hyuncheol Jeon,
  • Haham Kim,
  • Deni Aulia,
  • Junhyeok Hur,
  • Sooa Yoon,
  • Suhyun Lee,
  • Taesun Min and
  • Seunghyung Lee

21 October 2025

The sustainability of aquaculture is increasingly threatened by rising ocean temperatures occasioned by the continued prevalence of global warming, which can have severe consequences for fish health and productivity. Fish, as ectothermic organisms, a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
437 Views
14 Pages

Polysorbate-Based Carriers Encapsulating Oxygen-Deficient Nanoparticles for Targeted and Effective Chemo-Sonodynamic Therapy of Glioblastoma

  • Hyeon Ju Kang,
  • Quan Truong Hoang,
  • Nguyen Cao Nguyen,
  • Binh Thi Thanh Pham,
  • Thuy Giang Nguyen Cao,
  • Vasanthan Ravichandran and
  • Min Suk Shim

21 October 2025

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor with a high recurrence rate and mortality. A major obstacle to the effective treatment of GBM is the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which hinders the transfer of therapeutic cargo to...

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Int. J. Mol. Sci. - ISSN 1422-0067