International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Volume 23, Issue 19

Common wheat, Triticum aestivum, is the most widely grown staple crop worldwide. To catch up with the increasing global population and cope with the changing climate, it is valuable to breed wheat cultivars that are tolerant to abiotic or shade stres...

Lung cancer is the first leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Aberrant glycosylation in lung tumors leads to the expression of tumor-associated carbohydrate structures, such as the Tn antigen, consisting of N-acetyl-galactosamine (Gal...

Prosaposin (PSAP) and progranulin (PGRN) are two lysosomal proteins that interact and modulate the metabolism of lipids, particularly sphingolipids. Alterations in sphingolipid metabolism have been found in schizophrenia. Genetic associations of PSAP...

This study investigated the usefulness of urinary biomarkers for assessing bladder condition and histopathology in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). We retrospectively enrolled 315 patients (267 women and 48 men) dia...

Classical risk factors play a major role in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. However, the estimation of risk for cardiovascular events based only on risk factors is often insufficient. Efforts have been made to identify biomarkers t...

Rice, as one of the main food crops, provides a vital source of dietary energy for over half the world’s population. The OsFAD3 gene encodes fatty acid desaturase, catalyzing the conversion of linoleic acid (LA) to alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in...

The growth and development of skeletal muscle is regulated by many factors, and recent studies have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) can participate in this process. The model of porcine skeletal muscle injury was constructed to search for circRNA...

The major challenges that agriculture is facing in the twenty-first century are increasing droughts, water scarcity, flooding, poorer soils, and extreme temperatures due to climate change. However, most crops are not tolerant to extreme climatic envi...

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a pleiotropic cytokine that classically drives erythropoiesis but can also induce bone loss by decreasing bone formation and increasing resorption. Deletion of the EPO receptor (EPOR) on osteoblasts or B cells partially mitiga...

In multiple myeloma (MM), circulating tumor plasma cells (CTPCs) are an emerging prognostic factor, offering a promising and minimally invasive means for longitudinal patient monitoring. Recent advances highlight the complex biology of plasma cell tr...

Different strategies have been investigated for a more satisfactory treatment of advanced breast cancer, including the adjuvant use of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). These nutritional compounds have been shown to possess potent anti-inf...

The characteristic epigenetic profile of periodontitis found in peripheral leukocytes denotes its impact on systemic immunity. In fact, this profile not only stands for periodontitis as a low-grade inflammatory disease with systemic effects but also...

The purpose of this study was to determine the anticancer effect of dipropyl thiosulfinate produced in situ by the pharmacological pair: (1) conjugated with daidzein C115H methionine γ-lyase (EC 4.4.1.11, C115H MGL-Dz) and (2) the substrate, S-...

Since the formation of organic salts can improve the solubility, bioavailability, and stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients, the aim of this work was to prepare an organic salt of chlordiazepoxide with saccharin. To achieve this goal, the sa...

Capnophilic lactic fermentation (CLF) is an anaplerotic pathway exclusively identified in the anaerobic hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga neapolitana, a member of the order Thermotogales. The CO₂-activated pathway enables non-competitive synthes...

Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of white adipocytes induce obesity, leading to diseases such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension, and even cancer. Hypertrophy of white adipocytes is attributed to the excessive storage of the energy form of triglycerides...

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze the reversible carbon dioxide hydration reaction. Among the eight different CA classes existing in nature, the α-class is the largest one being present in animals, bacteria, protozo...

Melanoma originates from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Compared with other skin cancers, melanoma has a higher fatality rate. The 5-year survival rate of patients with early-stage primary melanoma through surgical resection can reach m...

A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the major complications of diabetes. Wound healing under diabetic conditions is often impaired. This is in part due to the excessive oxidative stress, prolonged inflammation, immune cell dysfunction, delayed re-e...

CIPK (calcineurin B-like-interacting protein kinase) is a kind of serine/threonine protein kinase widely existing in plants, and it plays an important role in plant growth and development and stress response. To better understand the biological funct...

Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological cancer, leading to over 152,000 deaths each year. A late diagnosis is the primary factor causing a poor prognosis of ovarian cancer and often occurs due to a lack of specific symptoms and effective biomar...

Muscular dystrophies are a group of genetic muscular diseases characterized by impaired muscle regeneration, which leads to pathological inflammation that drives muscle wasting and eventually results in weakness, functional dependency, and premature...

Microsporum gypseum causes dermatomycoses in giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). This study aimed to investigate the immune response of M. gypseum following deep infection. The degree of damage to the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys was e...

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is a life-threatening condition characterized by recurrent hippocampal seizures. mTLE can develop after exposure to risk factors such as febrile seizure, trauma, and infection. Within the latent period between exp...

Heat stress during grain filling is considered one of the major abiotic factors influencing wheat grain yield and quality in arid and semi-arid regions. We studied the effect of heat stress on flour quality and grain yield at moderate and continuous...

Mutations in C8orf37 cause Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and cone–rod dystrophy (CRD), all manifest in photoreceptor degeneration. Little is known about which proteins C8orf37 interacts with to contribute to photorecep...

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a key process for the N input in agriculture, with outstanding economic and environmental benefits from the replacement of chemical fertilizers. However, not all symbioses are equally effective in fixing N₂, and...

As an important forage legume with high values in feed and medicine, Melilotus albus has been widely cultivated. The AP2/ERF transcription factor has been shown to play an important regulatory role in plant drought resistance, but it has not been rep...

Glycolipids can be synthetized in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as they possess low water content allowing a reversed lipase activity and thus enables ester formation. Based on this principle, honey can also serve as a media for glycolipid synthesis....

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) continues to pose a serious threat to the cattle industry, resulting in substantial economic losses. As a multifactorial disease, pathogen infection and respiratory microbial imbalance are important causative factors...

NAC transcription factors (TFs) could regulate drought stresses in plants; however, the function of NAC TFs in soybeans remains unclear. To unravel NAC TF function, we established that GmNAC12, a NAC TF from soybean (Glycine max), was involved in the...

Implant-associated infection due to biofilm formation is a growing problem. Given that silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have shown antibacterial effects, our goal is to study their effect against multispecies biofilm involved in the development of peri-...

WRKYs are one of the largest transcription factor (TF) families and play an important role in plant resistance to various stresses. TaWRKY133, a group I WRKY protein, responds to a variety of abiotic stresses, including PEG treatment. The TaWRKY133 p...

In this study, TiO₂-Bi₂S₃ composites with various morphologies were synthesized through hydrothermal vulcanization with sputtering deposited Bi₂O₃ sacrificial layer method on the TiO₂ nanorod templates. The morphologies of decorated Bi₂S₃ nanostructu...

Feeding ramie cultivars (Boehmaria nivea L.) are an important feedstock for livestock. Increasing their biomass and improving their nutritional values are essential for animal feeding. Gibberellin (GA₃) and ethylene (ETH) are two plant hormones that...

In the past few years, corrosion protection of metal materials has become a global challenge, due to its great economic importance. For this reason, various methods have been developed to inhibit the corrosion process, such as surface treatment appro...

A new series of compounds based on perbrominated disubstituted sulfonium derivatives of the closo-decaborate anion (n-Bu₄N)[2-B₁₀Br₉SR₂] (R = n-Pr, i-Pr, n-Bu, n-C₈H₁₇, n-C₁₂H₂₅, n-C₁₈H₃₇) was obtained, characterised by modern physicochemical methods...

Desmin mutations cause familial and sporadic cardiomyopathies. In addition to perturbing the contractile apparatus, both desmin deficiency and mutated desmin negatively impact mitochondria. Impaired myocardial metabolism secondary to mitochondrial de...

The Bletilla striata Polysaccharide (BSP), a natural polysaccharide derived from the east Asian terrestrial orchid Bletilla striata, is an anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antioxidant polysaccharide. Traditionally, it has been used to treat hemostas...

Bio-macromolecules have potential applications in cancer treatment due to their high selectivity and efficiency in hitting therapeutic targets. However, poor cell membrane permeability has limited their broad-spectrum application in cancer treatment....

The relationship between lipid metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) is still not fully elucidated. Despite the presence of investigations using osteoporotic animal models, clinical studies in humans are limited. In this work, untargeted lipidomi...

Powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe pisi DC. is a major disease affecting pea worldwide. This study aimed to confirm the resistance genes contained in three powdery mildew-resistant Chinese pea landraces (Suoshadabaiwan, Dabaiwandou, and Guiwan 1) and...

A functional cure of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection or HB antigen loss is rarely achieved by nucleos(t)ide analogs which target viral polymerase. HBx protein is a regulatory protein associated with HBV replication. We thought to identify antiviral...

APETALA2/ethylene response factor (AP2/ERF) is widely found in the plant kingdom and plays crucial roles in transcriptional regulation and defense response of plant growth and development. Based on the research progress related to AP2/ERF genes, this...

While most viral infections cause mild symptoms and a spontaneous favorable resolution, some can lead to severe or protracted manifestations, specifically in immunocompromised hosts. Kidney injuries related to viral infections may have multiple cause...

Plaque formation, thrombosis, and embolism are the underlying causes of acute cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke while early thrombosis and stenosis are common pathologies for the maturation failure of arteriovenous fistul...

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by heterogeneous changes involving numerous organs and systems. The currently available data indicate that muscle injury (both smooth and striated muscles) is widespread and leads...

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a heme-containing dioxygenase that may play a part in chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. However, its role in cisplatin (DDP) resistance is unclear. Here, the expression level of IDO1 in tumors in platinum-resi...

The contribution of choroidal vasculature to the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has been long debated. The present narrative review aims to discuss the primary molecular and choroidal structural changes occurring with aging an...

In the testis, Leydig cells produce steroid hormones that are needed to masculinize typical genetic males during fetal development and to initiate and maintain spermatogenesis at puberty and adulthood, respectively. Steroidogenesis is initiated by th...