Background: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in socially sensitive contexts, raising concerns about how their outputs reflect or reproduce socially aversive response patterns. Prior research has focused on socially desirable tra...
Integrating causal inference and estimation methods, especially in Natural Language Processsing (NLP), is essential to improve interpretability and robustness in deep learning (DL) models. The objectives are to present the IV-NLP methodology and its...
Large-language models (LLMs) show promise for automating evidence synthesis, yet head-to-head evaluations remain scarce. We benchmarked five state-of-the-art LLMs—openai/o1-mini, x-ai/grok-2-1212, meta-llama/Llama-3.3-70B-Instruct, google/Gemin...
Newborns are born with an immature immune system, making them susceptible to infections early in life. Human milk provides essential nutrients and immunological factors that support infant immunity. Maternal vaccination during lactation has the poten...
Sentiment analysis of Arabic text, particularly on social media platforms, presents a formidable set of unique challenges that stem from the language’s complex morphology, its numerous dialectal variations, and the frequent and nuanced use of e...
In the realm of academic English writing, both native (L1) and non-native (L2) speakers face significant challenges due to the complex linguistic structures and conventions required. Existing writing assistance tools, while useful for grammar correct...