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Biostatistics Methods in Nutritional Research

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition Methodology & Assessment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 May 2025 | Viewed by 2298

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Unit of Data Science, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, IRCCS Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
Interests: data analysis in nutritional research and food sciences; data science; statistical methods in bioinformatics; epidemiology; spatial statistics

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Guest Editor Assistant
Facility of Epidemiology and Biostatistics—Gemelli Generator, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: biostatistics; data analysis; epidemiology; environmental epidemiology; data science

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biostatistical data analysis and data science are widely used in nutritional research and food sciences. They are remarkably relevant in identifying the role of key factors in predictive analysis (e.g. explainable machine learning and deep learning), statistical modelling (e.g., generalized linear mixed modelling, generalized estimating equations, survival analysis) and causal inference, (e.g., mediators, moderator, confounders, colliders, propensity score). Nevertheless, study design, sampling methods and questionnaire validation also assume a very important role in this research field.

Over the last few years, nutritional research and food sciences have involved a number of study where black-box and statistical methods and causal approaches have been used to produce scientific evidence. Therefore, the challenge we face is how to combine and generalize these approaches, also using explorative and confirmatory methods. On the applicative side, nutritional and food sciences topics are tackled from alternative perspectives, which might converge into either equivalent or competing evidence, characterizing cutting-edge discoveries in these fields in both experimental and observational studies.

The aim of this Special Issue is to emphasize the role of (i) data analysis, (ii) data science, (iii) study design, (iv) sampling methods and (v) questionnaire validation applied to nutritional research and food sciences. Research providing biomedical evidence, as well as theoretical papers introducing links across methods in applied research, are strongly encouraged.

Dr. Davide Guido
Guest Editor

Dr. Antonella Carcagnì
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrition
  • food sciences
  • biostatistics
  • data analysis
  • data science
  • nutritional epidemiology
  • questionnaire validation
  • machine learning
  • deep learning
  • clinical trials and observational studies

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 249 KiB  
Article
Social and Nutritional Profiles of Pregnant Women: A Cluster Analysis on the “MAMI-MED” Cohort
by Giuliana Favara, Andrea Maugeri, Martina Barchitta, Roberta Magnano San Lio, Maria Clara La Rosa, Claudia La Mastra, Fabiola Galvani, Elisa Pappalardo, Carla Ettore, Giuseppe Ettore and Antonella Agodi
Nutrients 2024, 16(23), 3975; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233975 - 21 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1226
Abstract
Background/Objectives: During the pre-conceptional period, addressing social determinants of health (SDOH) is essential for reducing maternal health disparities, particularly among disadvantaged groups. Key SDOH factors such as income, education, and healthcare access significantly influence maternal and infant outcomes, increasing risks like miscarriage, preterm [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: During the pre-conceptional period, addressing social determinants of health (SDOH) is essential for reducing maternal health disparities, particularly among disadvantaged groups. Key SDOH factors such as income, education, and healthcare access significantly influence maternal and infant outcomes, increasing risks like miscarriage, preterm birth, and pregnancy complications. Here, we aimed to explore maternal and neonatal characteristics according to socio-economic status. Thus, we identified clusters of pregnant women with similar social and behavioral characteristics and explored their variability in terms of neonatal outcomes. Methods: Data from 1512 pregnant women in the “MAMI-MED” cohort at ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima in Catania were analyzed. A two-step cluster analysis grouped the women based on education level, employment status, pre-pregnancy nutritional status, and Mediterranean diet score (MDS). Results: Two clusters of pregnant women were identified. Cluster 1 (n = 739) consisted of women with lower educational attainment who were unemployed, overweight and/or obese, and had a lower mean MDS. Instead, cluster 2 (n = 773) was mostly characterized by women with a medium–high level of education who were employed, had normal weight, and had a higher average MDS. Women in cluster 1 had significantly higher proportions of preterm births (p = 0.004), low-birth weight newborns (p = 0.002), and large-for-gestational-age newborns. Differences in gestational week (p < 0.001), birth weight (p < 0.001), and newborn length (p = 0.004) were also noted between the two clusters. Conclusions: Cluster analysis can help identify high-risk groups who may benefit from personalized public health interventions. Our results highlight the need to examine the complex interactions between socio-demographic, behavioral, and genetic factors that contribute to maternal–infant health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biostatistics Methods in Nutritional Research)

Review

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23 pages, 4154 KiB  
Review
Mapping Research Trends on Intestinal Permeability in Irritable Bowel Syndrome with a Focus on Nutrition: A Bibliometric Analysis
by Domenica Mallardi, Fatima Maqoud, Davide Guido, Michelangelo Aloisio, Michele Linsalata and Francesco Russo
Nutrients 2025, 17(6), 1064; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17061064 - 18 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a complex gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel habits, often linked to disruptions in intestinal barrier function. Increased intestinal permeability plays a key role in IBS pathogenesis, affecting immune responses, gut microbiota, and inflammation. [...] Read more.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a complex gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel habits, often linked to disruptions in intestinal barrier function. Increased intestinal permeability plays a key role in IBS pathogenesis, affecting immune responses, gut microbiota, and inflammation. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis to explore global research trends on intestinal permeability in IBS, focusing on key contributors, collaboration networks, and thematic shifts, particularly the interplay between the intestinal barrier, gut microbiota, and dietary components. A total of 411 articles were retrieved from Scopus, with 232 studies analyzed using Bibliometrix in R. To optimize screening, ASReview, a machine learning tool, was employed, utilizing the Naïve Bayes algorithm combined with Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) for adaptive ranking of articles by relevance. This approach significantly improved screening step efficacy. The analysis highlights growing research interest, with China and the USA as leading contributors. Key themes include the role of gut microbiota in modulating permeability, the impact of dietary components (fiber, probiotics, bioactive compounds) on tight junction integrity, and the exploration of therapeutic agents. Emerging studies suggest integrating gut barrier modulation with nutritional and microbiome-targeted strategies for IBS management. This study provides a comprehensive overview of research on intestinal permeability in IBS, mapping its evolution and identifying major trends. By highlighting key contributors and thematic areas, it offers insights to guide future investigations into the interplay between gut permeability, diet, and microbiota, advancing understanding of IBS pathophysiology and management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biostatistics Methods in Nutritional Research)
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