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Fish Intake and Human Health: Evaluating the Nutrients and Benefits

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A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 12437

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yongkang Luo

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Guest Editor

College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agriculture University, Beijing, China
Interests: animal protein and peptides; aquatic products; fish nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Hui Hong

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Guest Editor

College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Interests: aquatic products; fish protein; peptides; quality control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Yuqing Tan

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Guest Editor

College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 E Qinchua Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, China
Interests: fish byproduct; protein gelation; phenolic composition; phytochemical analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fish (finfish or shellfish) are essential to a healthy diet. Fish are the primary sources of healthy long-chain omega-3 fats and are rich in other nutrients such as vitamin D and selenium, high in protein, and low in saturated fat. There is strong evidence that eating fish or taking fish oil has a positive impact on the heart and blood vessels.

This Special Issue of Nutrients seeks to include manuscripts that provide new insights into the recent advances in the discovery and development of the beneficial compounds (proteins, lipids, peptides, etc.) derived from fish. In addition, their biological effects on cell or animal models will be addressed. Systematic surveys and meta-analyses of fish intake and human health will also be included.

We encourage scientists working in this field of research to submit original research articles or critical reviews that synthesize the current research literature and discuss emerging directions. Thus, these studies will promote the sustainable development of fish aquaculture and the processing industry.

Prof. Dr. Yongkang Luo
Dr. Hui Hong
Dr. Yuqing Tan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

bioactive peptides
DHA/EPA/PUFA
cell model
animal model
fish

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 755 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of Fish-Consumption Benefits and Safety Knowledge in a Population-Based Sample of Polish Adolescents

by Zofia Utri-Khodadady and Dominika Głąbska

Nutrients 2023, 15(23), 4902; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234902 - 23 Nov 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1471

Abstract

Inadequate fish consumption is common and may result from multiple reasons, especially in adolescents who are a population at particular risk of the negative consequences of not consuming the recommended amounts of fish. The aim of the study was to analyze the knowledge about fish-consumption benefits and safety in a population-based sample of Polish adolescents. The stratified random sampling was conducted within two stages: sampling of counties from all voivodeships in Poland (being the basic administrative units of Poland) and inviting secondary schools from the drawn counties to obtain a sample representative of all regions of Poland. The Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method was applied to gather the data within the study, and a questionnaire concerning knowledge about fish-consumption benefits and safety with 20 true–false statements was applied. Among 1289 participants, the statement with the highest share of correct answers concerned fish being a source of protein (78.9%) and fish-derived fats being health promoting (77.0%). The statement receiving the least correct answers concerned the type of fatty acids found in fish (7.6%) and the risk of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in fish (20.5%). Participants who were female, older than 18, underweight, living in an urban environment, from a region far away from the sea and from comprehensive schools provided a higher share of correct answers than other subgroups (p < 0.05). Knowledge concerning fish-consumption benefits and safety among Polish adolescents is in many cases inadequate; thus, nutritional education is needed, especially among younger adolescents, those attending vocational schools, males and those living in a rural environment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Intake and Human Health: Evaluating the Nutrients and Benefits)

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11 pages, 6071 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) Scale Collagen Peptides-1 (SCPs1) Inhibit Melanogenesis through Downregulation of the cAMP-CREB Signaling Pathway

by Hai-Lan Li, Mei-Jin Li, Guang-Quan Xiong, Jun Cai, Tao Liao and Xiao-Yan Zu

Nutrients 2023, 15(11), 2449; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15112449 - 24 May 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1391

Abstract

The mechanism of silver carp scale collagen peptides (SCPs1) on melanogenesis and its mechanism of action were examined in mouse melanoma cells (B16). The cell viability and effects of SCPs1 on intracellular tyrosinase (TYR) activity and melanin, reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) content were examined. The regulatory mechanism of SCPs1 on the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway was analyzed. The cell viability of the SCPs1 group was >80% (0.01–1 mg/mL) and the inhibitory rate of SCPs1 on B16 cell melanin increased in a dose-dependent manner. The highest inhibitory rate of SCPs1 on melanin content reaching 80.24%. SCPs1 significantly increased the GSH content and decreased the tyrosinase activity, as well as the content of ROS and cAMP. Western blot analysis showed that SCPs1 significantly inhibited melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) expression and CREB phosphorylation in the cAMP-CREB signaling pathway, leading to downregulation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and the expression of TYR, TYR-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and TRP-2. SCPs1 also inhibited the expression of MC1R, MITF, TYR, TRP-1 and TRP-2 at the transcriptional level. Taken together, SCPs1 inhibited melanin synthesis through the downregulation of the cAMP-CREB signaling pathway. Fish-derived collagen peptides could potentially be applied in skin whitening products. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Intake and Human Health: Evaluating the Nutrients and Benefits)

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16 pages, 1929 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Benefits of Circulating Human Metabolites from Fish Cartilage Hydrolysate on Primary Human Dermal Fibroblasts, an Ex Vivo Clinical Investigation for Skin Health Applications

by Fabien Wauquier, Line Boutin-Wittrant, Elodie Bouvret, Julie Le Faouder, Véronique Roux, Nicolas Macian, Gisèle Pickering and Yohann Wittrant

Nutrients 2022, 14(23), 5027; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14235027 - 25 Nov 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2472

Abstract

Due to its significant exposure to stressful environmental factors, the skin undergoes a high remodeling rate over time, which alters not only its appearance but also its functionality. This alteration of the skin, namely photoaging, is characterized by dryness and a loss of elasticity that mainly originates from the dysregulation of dermal fibroblast activities. In order to overcome such tissue outcome, cosmetic products have evolved toward nutricosmetics, thus promoting beauty from within. Among bio-actives of interest, bio-peptides deriving from plant or animal sources may exert various biological activities beyond their nutritional value. However, studies remain mostly descriptive and the mode of action at the cellular level in clinic remains a concern. In a recent clinical trial, it was showed that supplementation with a fish cartilage hydrolysate (FCH) improved signs of chronological and photoaging-induced skin changes in healthy women. Here, using an original ex vivo clinical approach adapted to nutricosmetic purpose, we further demonstrated that this fish cartilage hydrolysate was absorbed and that the circulating metabolites produced in humans following FCH intake stimulate human dermal fibroblast growth, promote specific hyaluronan production, up-regulate elastin synthesis and inhibit MMP-1 and 3 expression along with the enhancement of TGF-β release. Altogether, these data provide clues on the mechanisms likely contributing to the beneficial impact of FCH on human skin functionality by supporting hydration, elasticity and limiting the expression of catabolic factors involved in photoaging onset. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Intake and Human Health: Evaluating the Nutrients and Benefits)

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14 pages, 6492 KiB

Open AccessArticle

DHA- and EPA-Enriched Phosphatidylcholine Suppress Human Lung Carcinoma 95D Cells Metastasis via Activating the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ

by Haowen Yin, Yuanyuan Liu, Hao Yue, Yingying Tian, Ping Dong, Changhu Xue, Yun-Tao Zhao, Zifang Zhao and Jingfeng Wang

Nutrients 2022, 14(21), 4675; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214675 - 4 Nov 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2167

Abstract

The antineoplastic effects of docosahexaenoic acid-containing phosphatidylcholine (DHA-PC) and eicosapentaenoic acid-containing phosphatidylcholine (EPA-PC) were explored, and their underlying mechanisms in the human lung carcinoma 95D cells (95D cells) were investigated. After treatment of 95D cells with DHA-PC or EPA-PC, cell biological behaviors such as growth, adhesion, migration, and invasion were studied. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were carried out to assess underlying molecular mechanisms. Results showed that 95D cells proliferation and adherence in the DHA-PC or EPA-PC group were drastically inhibited than the control group. DHA-PC and EPA-PC suppressed the migration and invasion of 95D cells by disrupting intracellular F-actin, which drives cell movement. The protein expression of PPARγ was induced versus the control group. Furthermore, critical factors related to invasion, including matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), heparanase (Hpa), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were drastically downregulated through the PPARγ/NF-κB signaling pathway. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and cofilin were significantly suppressed via DHA-PC and EPA-PC through the PPARγ/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/serine-threonine protein kinase (AKT) signaling pathway. DHA-PC and EPA-PC reversed the PPARγ antagonist GW9662-induced reduction of 95D cells in migration and invasion capacity, suggesting that PPARγ was directly involved in the anti-metastasis efficacy of DHA-PC and EPA-PC. In conclusion, DHA-PC and EPA-PC have great potential for cancer therapy, and the antineoplastic effects involve the activation of PPARγ. EPA-PC showed more pronounced antineoplastic effects than DHA-PC, possibly due to the more robust activation of PPARγ by EPA-PC. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Intake and Human Health: Evaluating the Nutrients and Benefits)

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17 pages, 5759 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Docosapentaenoic Acid (DPA, 22:5n-3) Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis via Modification of Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolism

by Ye Dong, Cheng Huang, Jiacheng Yang, Zhenxiao Zheng and Zhiyuan Dai

Nutrients 2022, 14(19), 4204; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14194204 - 9 Oct 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2103

Abstract

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA) are regarded as viable alternatives to aid the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Most research focuses on eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); little information is available about the effect of docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) on the gut microbiota and their metabolism in UC mice. In this study, the changes in gut microbiota and their metabolism in UC mice were studied through the 16S rRNA sequencing method and untargeted metabolomics. Moreover, the differential bacterial genus and differential metabolites in responding to DPA supplementation were screened through permutation test after orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The results indicated that DPA supplementation increased the diversity and altered the composition of the gut microbiota in UC mice; Akkermansia, Alistipes, Butyricicoccus, and Lactobacillus were selected as the differential bacterial genus. Supplementation of DPA also altered the fecal metabolite profile in the UC mice. Moreover, butyrate, N-carbamylglutamate (NCG), and histamine were screened as the differential metabolites. In conclusion, the regulation effect of DPA on the gut microbiota and their metabolism might be involved in the intervention mechanism of DPA in UC. More research needs to be carried out to elucidate the mechanism systematically. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Intake and Human Health: Evaluating the Nutrients and Benefits)

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Review

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24 pages, 2326 KiB

Open AccessReview

Health Benefits of Oily Fish: Illustrated with Blue Shark (Prionace glauca), Shortfin Mako Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus), and Swordfish (Xiphias gladius)

by Franklin Chamorro, Paz Otero, Maria Carpena, Maria Fraga-Corral, Javier Echave, Sepidar Seyyedi-Mansour, Lucia Cassani and Miguel A. Prieto

Nutrients 2023, 15(23), 4919; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234919 - 25 Nov 2023

Viewed by 1779

Abstract

Oily fish is a rich source of energy, proteins, essential amino acids, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. Among the macronutrients with the highest contribution are lipids, mainly long-chain omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LC-PUFA), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Both EPA and DHA play a beneficial role in promoting health and preventing many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke and acute myocardial infarction. They also contribute to the prevention of neurological, metabolic, and immune-system-related diseases, as well as supporting body-weight control. Oily fish consumption is also important at different stages of human life, from conception to old age. For example, DHA plays an important role in brain and retina development during fetal development and in the first two years of life, as it positively influences neurodevelopment, such as visual acuity, and cognitive functions. In contrast with the possible health benefits of the intake of oily fish, the presence of certain chemical pollutants, for example, heavy metals, can be a risk for the health of consumers, mainly in sensitive population groups such as pregnant women and children under 2 years of age. The presence of these pollutants is influenced to a greater extent by fish species, their role in the trophic chain, and their size. However, various studies state that the benefits outweigh the risk of consuming certain species. This review will be focused on the health benefits of the intake of three oily fish species, namely blue shark (Prionace glauca), shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus), and swordfish (Xiphias gladius). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Intake and Human Health: Evaluating the Nutrients and Benefits)

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