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Food Environments, Dietary Behaviors, and Population Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 June 2026 | Viewed by 1565

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA
Interests: environmental exposure; nuerocogntive and neurodegenerative disorders; nutrients intake and brain; nutritional deficiency; mental health

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Guest Editor
Department of Human Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA
Interests: nutritional epidemiology; nutrition assessment; clinical nutrition; food insecurity; neuropsychological tests; executive function; aging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The food environment encompasses the physical, social, economic, and cultural surroundings that determine the availability and affordability of food. A healthy food environment is one that ensures healthy nutrients.

The food environment strongly shapes both dietary patterns and long-term health outcomes. When communities are surrounded by nutritious, affordable food options, such as fresh produce, whole grains, and lean proteins, individuals are more likely to adopt healthier dietary patterns. In contrast, environments dominated by fast food, processed snacks, and sugary beverages increase the risk of poor diet quality and chronic diseases. However, effect sizes and causal certainty vary because studies use various measurement approaches and designs.

Key health outcomes that may be associated with poor food environment include Obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, micronutrient deficiencies, and mental health outcomes such as stress, depression, and anxiety. Addtionally, food-insecure environments lead to inconsistent access to nutritious food, resulting in poor brain development in children.

The goal of this Special Issue is to demonstrate how the food environment can influence the quality of dietary choices in popualtions and, in turn, how poor diet leads to chronic non-communicable disease.

Prof. Dr. Khalid M. Khan
Dr. Berna Rahi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • food quality
  • chronic diseases
  • food insecurity
  • dietary patterns
  • brain and mental health

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 910 KB  
Article
Psychological Determinants of Purchasing Behavior Among Individuals Indifferent to Reduced-Salt Products
by Yasunori Akamatsu, Misako Nakadate, Nanae Tanemura and Masuko Kobori
Nutrients 2026, 18(11), 1800; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18111800 - 3 Jun 2026
Viewed by 176
Abstract
Background/Objectives: To promote salt reduction before health problems arise, it is important to understand factors associated with reduced-salt product purchasing among consumers with low interest in such products. This study examined psychological determinants of intention to purchase reduced-salt products among Japanese adults who [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: To promote salt reduction before health problems arise, it is important to understand factors associated with reduced-salt product purchasing among consumers with low interest in such products. This study examined psychological determinants of intention to purchase reduced-salt products among Japanese adults who were not actively purchasing them. Methods: An exploratory sequential mixed-methods design was used, including qualitative interviews followed by a cross-sectional web-based survey of 800 men and women aged 18–59 years in Japan. Participants were categorized into precontemplation and contemplation stages based on the transtheoretical model. Associations between purchase intention and three Integrated Behavioral Model categories—attitude, perceived norm, and personal agency—were examined. Percentage-to-gain values were calculated for each belief item. Results: All three category scores were significantly associated with purchase intention, with attitude showing the strongest association (OR = 12.56, 95% CI: 6.93–22.79). In stratified analysis, attitude showed a stronger association in the precontemplation stage (OR = 18.40, 95% CI: 8.51–39.78), whereas no category score was significantly associated with purchase intention in the contemplation stage. In the precontemplation stage, relatively high percentage-to-gain values were observed for holistic wellness-oriented beliefs and product availability in usual supermarkets. Conclusions: Attitude was most strongly associated with intention to purchase reduced-salt products, particularly in the precontemplation stage. Holistic wellness-oriented beliefs and product availability may represent promising targets for future communication or food environment interventions. These findings may provide a basis for future studies testing strategies to increase actual purchases of reduced-salt products and reduce salt intake. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Environments, Dietary Behaviors, and Population Health)
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15 pages, 398 KB  
Article
The Mediating Role of Screen-Based Sedentary Behaviors in the Association of Parental Educational Level and BMI with Preschoolers’ Ultra-Processed Food Consumption
by Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues, Helder Miguel Fernandes, António Stabelini Neto, Elizabete Alexandre Dos Santos, Josep A. Tur, Cristina Padez and Daniela Rodrigues
Nutrients 2026, 18(7), 1069; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18071069 - 27 Mar 2026
Viewed by 1031
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The mediating role of the diverse range of screen-based sedentary behaviors (SBs) remains understudied, particularly at younger ages. The present study examined the direct and indirect effects of parental BMI and education on ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption among preschoolers, testing the [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The mediating role of the diverse range of screen-based sedentary behaviors (SBs) remains understudied, particularly at younger ages. The present study examined the direct and indirect effects of parental BMI and education on ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption among preschoolers, testing the potential mediating role of screen time. Methods: The cross-sectional study sample comprised 919 kindergarten children (484 boys, 52.7%), with ages ranging from 2.2 to 6.8 years (mean: 4.7 ± 1.0 years). Screen-based sedentary behaviors (television viewing, smartphone use, tablet use, computer use, and playing electronic games) were measured by proxy-report fulfilled by parents, separately for weekdays and weekends. UPF consumption (drinks/yogurts, packaged/fast foods, and sweet/salty snacks) was assessed via 24 h recall scales. Path analysis mediation models tested direct effects of maternal/paternal BMI and education on UPF intake, and indirect effects through screen time, controlling for child age and sex. Results: Lower parental education and higher parental BMI were associated with increased mobile device use and UPF consumption (r = 0.10–0.28). Screen-based sedentary behaviors mediated the association between maternal BMI and UPF pathways (15–90% of total effects), particularly for sweet and salty snacks (50–90%). Parental education effects were also mediated by screen time (9–23% indirect effects), with paternal education showing stronger protection against packaged/fast foods. Conclusions: Mobile devices and watching television partially mediate intergenerational transmission of obesogenic dietary patterns from parental BMI/education to preschoolers’ UPF consumption. Findings of the current study support family-centered interventions targeting screen-time limits and UPF exposure, mainly at the weekends, to prevent early obesity trajectories. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Environments, Dietary Behaviors, and Population Health)
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