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Food Allergy: Psychological Issues

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2026 | Viewed by 1224

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Food Allergy Referral Centre, Veneto Region, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
2. Psychology Unit, University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
Interests: clinical psychology; health psychology; developmental psychology; school psychology; perinatal psychology; psychotherapy; mental health; food allergy; anaphylaxis; quality of life; nutrition; eating; stress disorders; anxiety; depression; bullying; alexithymia; attachment; self-efficacy; children; adolescents; parents; adults

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Food allergy is a major public health concern affecting an increasing number of children and adults. It can result in considerable morbidity, including anaphylaxis. While allergen avoidance and emergency plans remain the cornerstone of food allergy management, accidental ingestions are still relatively common. The burden of adhering to a strict diet, the real fear of life-threatening reactions, the need for constant vigilance and carrying medication, and the restrictions on social life can all have a profound impact on the quality of life and psychological well-being of both patients and caregivers. Psychological problems such as excessive fear and worry can further complicate the management of food allergy and lead to maladaptive coping strategies that further increase stress, such as excessive and non-medically required food and social restrictions. Health professionals must be aware of the risk of psychological difficulties in food allergy in order to help patients and families in developing positive adjustment strategies and effective coping skills. Recognizing when to provide psychoeducational guidance and/or mental health support is also essential.

Thus, the aim of this Special Issue is to gather high-quality evidence on the psychological issues that patients with food allergy and their caregivers may encounter, as well as possible resources and interventions. Particular attention will be given to studies exploring the emotional, social, and nutritional implications of food allergy.

Original research, literature reviews, and meta-analyses are all welcome.

Dr. Laura Polloni
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • food allergy
  • anaphylaxis
  • quality of life
  • anxiety
  • depression
  • stress
  • eating disorders
  • psychological symptoms
  • mental health
  • coping strategies
  • self-efficacy
  • psychological support
  • psychological intervention
  • psychological needs
  • children
  • adolescents
  • parents
  • adults

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 263 KB  
Article
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder and Food Neophobia in Adult Patients with Food Allergy: A Preliminary Study
by Laura Polloni, Lucia Ronconi, Valentina De Fazio, Roberta Bonaguro, Francesca Lazzarotto, Alice Toniolo, Rossana Schiavo and Antonella Muraro
Nutrients 2026, 18(6), 913; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18060913 - 13 Mar 2026
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Patients with food allergy (FA) may exhibit dysfunctional eating behaviours and/or food aversions that extend beyond the necessary allergen elimination diet and may result in avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) or food neophobia (FN); however, no data are available on adults. [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Patients with food allergy (FA) may exhibit dysfunctional eating behaviours and/or food aversions that extend beyond the necessary allergen elimination diet and may result in avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) or food neophobia (FN); however, no data are available on adults. This study aimed to explore ARFID, FN, FA anxiety, and eating styles in adults with FA, analysing influences of sociodemographic and clinical factors. Methods: This cross-sectional preliminary study involved 79 adults with FA, who completed the Nine Item ARFID screen (NIAS), Food Neophobia Scale (FNS), Scale of Food Allergy Anxiety (SOFAA), and Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ—brief). Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients and multiple linear regressions were performed (p < 0.05). Results: In total, 25% and 73% of participants scored positively for ARFID and FN, respectively. A positive correlation was observed between FN and ARFID levels (p < 0.006), and between FN and FA anxiety (p < 0.001). Current psychological problems positively correlated with ARFID (p = 0.004), FN (p = 0.006), and FA anxiety scores (p = 0.03). Restrained eating was positively associated with female gender (p < 0.001), and ARFID (p = 0.002) and FN scores (p = 0.028). External eating was negatively correlated with ARFID (p = 0.004). Adrenaline auto-injector (AAI) prescription was negatively associated with ARFID (p < 001) and restrained eating (p = 0.006), while previous anaphylaxis was negatively associated with ARFID (p = 0.020) and positively associated with external eating (p = 0.021). Multiple logistic regression models confirmed that restrained eating was associated with a higher probability of both ARFID (p = 0.031) and FN (p = 0.074). Conclusions: Clinicians should be aware of the risk of ARFID and FN among adult patients with FA and recommend appropriate psychological and dietary support. Further studies are needed to better understand the protective and precipitating factors of ARFID and FN to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Allergy: Psychological Issues)

Review

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9 pages, 329 KB  
Review
Psychological Dimensions of Food Allergy: A Biopsychosocial and Neuropsychological Perspective
by Audrey Dunn Galvin
Nutrients 2026, 18(10), 1556; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18101556 - 14 May 2026
Abstract
Food allergy is a chronic immune-mediated condition that must be understood not only as a biological disorder but also as a biopsychosocial condition with significant psychological and neurodevelopmental consequences. Beyond the management of acute allergic reactions, individuals living with food allergy experience ongoing [...] Read more.
Food allergy is a chronic immune-mediated condition that must be understood not only as a biological disorder but also as a biopsychosocial condition with significant psychological and neurodevelopmental consequences. Beyond the management of acute allergic reactions, individuals living with food allergy experience ongoing threat appraisal, dietary restriction, and social constraints, shaping emotional regulation, cognition, and wellbeing. This review adopts a psychology-led biopsychosocial and neuropsychological framework to examine the mechanisms through which immune activation and food avoidance influence psychological functioning. Drawing on medical psychology, psychoneuroimmunology, and gut–brain research, we explore how threat perception, interoceptive awareness, learning processes, stress physiology, and family context interact to shape emotional and behavioural responses to food allergy. Particular attention is given to the role of risk perception, vigilance, and learned avoidance in driving anxiety and reduced quality of life. By integrating evidence across psychological and biological domains, this review argues for a more comprehensive model of food allergy that recognises the cumulative emotional and neuropsychological burden associated with living with chronic dietary risk. Greater integration of psychological perspectives within allergy care may help support adaptive coping, reduce unnecessary restriction, and improve quality-of-life outcomes for individuals and families affected by food allergy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Allergy: Psychological Issues)
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