Submit to Nutrients Review for Nutrients Propose a Special Issue

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser

The Role of Nutrition on Bone Health and Skeletal Development in Older Adults

Print Special Issue Flyer
Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
Keywords
Published Papers

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 February 2024) | Viewed by 12001

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jun Il I. Yoo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

1. Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
2. Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
Interests: sarcopenia; osteoporosis; hip fracture; nutrition

Dr. Heewon Jung

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

1. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
2. Hospital Medicine Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
3. Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Seoul 05556, Songpa-gu, Republic of Korea
Interests: sarcopenia; osteoporosis; nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, as the aging population increases, the health of bone and muscle is becoming more important. When osteoporosis and sarcopenia occur in the elderly, the incidence of fractures increases, which is an important causative disease that sharply reduces the quality of life for the rest of one’s life. Therefore, interest in nutrients and healthy functional foods for bone and muscle has recently increased. However, too much information and misinformation caused by corporate advertisements is often floating around the Internet. The purpose of this Special Issue is to provide readers with accurate, valuable, and up-to-date information on nutrients for bone and muscle.

As the Guest Editors of this Special Issue on “The Role of Nutrition on Bone Health and Skeletal Development in Older Adults”, we hope to further contribute to this fascinating area of metabolism by inviting you to submit a manuscript to Nutrients to improve our knowledge regarding the role of macronutrients in bone tissue function and metabolism. Experimental research, systematic and meta-analyses, and narrative reviews are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Jun Il I. Yoo
Dr. Heewon Jung
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

nutrition
bone
osteoporosis
skeletal development

Published Papers (5 papers)

Download All Papers

Research

Jump to: Review

15 pages, 3081 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Association between Obesity and Reduced Weight-Adjusted Bone Mineral Content in Older Adults: A New Paradigm That Contrasts with the Obesity Paradox

by Antonino De Lorenzo, Massimo Pellegrini, Paola Gualtieri, Leila Itani, Giulia Frank, Marwan El Ghoch and Laura Di Renzo

Nutrients 2024, 16(3), 352; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030352 - 25 Jan 2024

Viewed by 868

Abstract

The relationship between body weight and bone mass in the elderly remains unclear, and whether obesity is a protective factor is still a matter of debate. For this reason, the aim of this study is to assess the association between body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral content adjusted by body weight, expressed as a percentage (w-BMC%), and to test the validity of the obesity paradox in this context. A cohort of 1404 older adults was categorized according to the World Health Organization’s BMI cut-off points and completed a total and segmental body composition measurement by means of a dual X-ray absorptiometry scan. Individuals with obesity displayed a lower mean w-BMC% (3.06 ± 0.44%; 2.60 ± 0.37%) compared to those who were normal-weight (3.95 ± 0.54%; 3.38 ± 0.48%) and overweight (3.06 ± 0.44%; 3.04 ± 0.37%) in both genders. Linear regression analysis also showed a negative association between BMI and w-BMC% in males (β = −0.09; p < 0.001) and females (β = −0.06; p < 0.001). Finally, among individuals with obesity, and after adjusting for age, the linear regression models revealed a significant decrease of 0.75% and 0.28% in w-BMC% for every one-unit increase in the trunk fat/appendicular lean mass ratio in both males (β = −0.749; p < 0.0001) and females (β = −0.281; p < 0.001). In conclusion, we suggest a new paradigm regarding the impact of obesity on bone mass, in which the former does not appear to be a protective factor of the latter, especially in individuals with central obesity and low muscle mass. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Nutrition on Bone Health and Skeletal Development in Older Adults)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 2729 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold Prevents Osteoclast Differentiation and Osteoporosis

by Sung-Ju Lee, Seon-A Jang, Seong Cheol Kim, Dong Ryun Gu, Hyun Yang, Jin Ah Ryuk and Hyunil Ha

Nutrients 2023, 15(18), 3996; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15183996 - 15 Sep 2023

Viewed by 787

Abstract

Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold, a traditional medicinal plant, has been used in China and several other Asian countries to address a variety of health concerns. The extensive research conducted on E. alatus is driven by its diverse pharmacological applications. However, its biological effects on osteoclastogenesis and osteoporosis have not been previously studied. In this research, we investigated the impact of an ethanolic extract of E. alatus (EEEA) on osteoclast differentiation and function as well as estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss. We found that EEEA inhibits osteoclast differentiation by downregulating the expression of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) in osteoclast-supporting cells and by directly impeding RANKL-mediated signaling pathways for osteoclastogenesis in precursor cells. In addition, EEEA inhibited the bone-resorptive function of mature osteoclasts in vitro. Furthermore, oral administration of EEEA significantly alleviated bone loss in an ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis mouse model. Additionally, we identified phytochemicals in EEEA that have suppressive effects on osteoclast differentiation and bone loss. Collectively, these results suggest that EEEA holds potential as a biotherapeutic candidate for anti-postmenopausal osteoporosis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Nutrition on Bone Health and Skeletal Development in Older Adults)

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

12 pages, 2640 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Whey Protein Supplement on 4-Week Resistance Exercise-Induced Improvements in Muscle Mass and Isokinetic Muscular Function under Dietary Control

by Chae-Been Kim, Jong-Hoon Park, Hyoung-Su Park, Hye-Jin Kim and Jung-Jun Park

Nutrients 2023, 15(4), 1003; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15041003 - 16 Feb 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 6268

Abstract

(1) The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of whey protein supplementation under dietary control on improvements in muscle mass and function following resistance exercise training. (2) Thirty-two men were randomly assigned to a whey protein supplementation group taking whey protein isolate (PSG, n = 17) and a placebo group (CON, n = 15). Participants were provided with three meals per day corresponding to the estimated individual daily energy intake. The supervised resistance exercise program was conducted 60 min per day, six days per week, for four weeks. (3) Post-intervention, there was a significant interaction between groups in terms of muscle mass increase (p = 0.033, η² = 0.14), with a greater increase in the PSG. There were also significant interactions between the groups and increases in peak torque of the dominant knee flexors (p = 0.048, η² = 0.12), dominant shoulder extensors, and non-dominant shoulder extensors (p = 0.028, η² = 0.15; p = 0.015, η² = 0.18), and the total work of the dominant knee and shoulder extensors (p = 0.012, η² = 0.19; p = 0.013, η² = 0.19), with greater increases in the PSG. (4) These results suggest that whey protein supplementation enhances resistance exercise-induced increase in muscle mass and overall muscular strength and endurance, independent of dietary influence. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Nutrition on Bone Health and Skeletal Development in Older Adults)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

19 pages, 4851 KiB

Open AccessReview

How to Suppress Mineral Loss and Stimulate Anabolism in Postmenopausal Bones with Appropriate Timing of Exercise and Nutrients

by Katarina T. Borer

Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 759; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060759 - 07 Mar 2024

Viewed by 2319

Abstract

Background. Bone Health and Osteoporosis Foundation (BHOF) reports that as of 2023, approximately 10 million of older Americans have osteoporosis and another 44 million have low bone density. Osteoporosis is a serious handicap for the elderly and, in particular, for estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women, as it increases the risk of debilitating bone weakness and fractures. The BHOF recommendations for prevention of osteopenia, osteoporosis and bone fractures are to perform weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercises and to take recommended amounts of daily calcium and vitamin D. Methods. The purpose of this review is to describe and discuss recent evidence-based research on how to effectively utilize timing of exercise and calorie intake for stimulation of postmenopausal bone anabolism, and to provide this new information in the form of specific and actionable recommendations. Results. The five evidence-based recommendations are as follows: 1. Select an appropriate circadian time of day for exercise; 2. Increase walking speed to raise the movement momentum; 3. Eat a weight-maintenance meal one or two hours before the exercise bout; 4. Sustain the duration of walking activity (impulse) for 40 to 45 min; and 5. Repeat effective exercise stimulus 7 to 8 h after the first one to double the anabolic effect. Osteogenesis can also be increased with subthreshold mechanical loading, where needed, under several special circumstances. Conclusions. This review should provide pragmatic actionable pointers on how to utilize the idiosyncratic bone responsiveness to timing of movement and meals to prevent osteoporosis and encourage research toward a better understanding of how bone detects adequacy of a mechanical stimulus and determines duration of necessary rest to recover its sensitivity to mechanical stimulation and nutrients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Nutrition on Bone Health and Skeletal Development in Older Adults)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

58 pages, 939 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Influences of Macronutrients on Bone Mineral Density, Bone Turnover Markers, and Fracture Risk in Elderly People: A Review of Human Studies

by Minkyung Je, Kyeonghoon Kang, Jun-Il Yoo and Yoona Kim

Nutrients 2023, 15(20), 4386; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204386 - 16 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1143

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a health condition that involves weak bone mass and a deteriorated microstructure, which consequently lead to an increased risk of bone fractures with age. In elderly people, a fracture attributable to osteoporosis elevates mortality. The objective of this review was to examine the effects of macronutrients on bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTMs), and bone fracture in elderly people based on human studies. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed^®/MEDLINE^® database. We included human studies published up to April 2023 that investigated the association between macronutrient intake and bone health outcomes. A total of 11 meta-analyses and 127 individual human studies were included after screening the records. Carbohydrate consumption seemed to have neutral effects on bone fracture in limited studies, but human studies on carbohydrates’ effects on BMD or/and BTMs are needed. The human studies analyzed herein did not clearly show whether the intake of animal, vegetable, soy, or milk basic proteins has beneficial effects on bone health due to inconsistent results. Moreover, several individual human studies indicated an association between eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and osteocalcin. Further studies are required to draw a clear association between macronutrients and bone health in elderly people. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Nutrition on Bone Health and Skeletal Development in Older Adults)

► Show Figures