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Modifying the Progress and the Quality of Life of COPD Patients by Nutrition

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2025) | Viewed by 4348

Special Issue Editor

Dr. János Tamás Varga

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: cytokines; lung; respiratory; lung diseases; asthma; physiotherapy; physical education; respiratory physiology; plasma; exercise science; chronic heart failure; nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic systemic inflammation, extrapulmonary comorbidities, variable/poor appetite, low energy intake, and increased nutritional needs tend to push the energy balance into the catabolism in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Sarcopenia, weight loss, low body mass index (BMI), and low fat-free mass (FFM) highlight the need for early complex dietary interventions, oral nutritional supplements, and supplementation with specific nutrients (e.g., vitamins, antioxidants, minerals, polyunsaturated fatty acids). We need to focus on the suppression on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in COPD, which has consequences for the exacerbation rate, quality of life, and survival of patients. Special nutrients may also be needed to compensate for energy and protein deficiencies and improve the physiological processes in patients with malnutrition/cachexia participating in a pulmonary rehabilitation program. A patient’s exercise tolerance, respiratory function, and quality of life will also improve if the nutritional condition of the patients improve, as it has an additive effect. This requires individualized, early multimodal interventions based on the coordinated efforts of a pulmonologist, a pulmonary rehabilitation specialist, a dietician, and a physiotherapist.

Dr. János Tamás Varga
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cytokines
  • lung
  • lung diseases
  • asthma
  • physiotherapy
  • physical education
  • respiratory physiology
  • plasma
  • exercise science
  • chronic heart failure
  • nutrition

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

46 pages, 6069 KiB  
Review
Nutritional Support of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
by Péter Simon, Éva Török, Klára Szalontai, Beáta Kari, Patrícia Neuperger, Norma Zavala, Iván Kanizsai, László G. Puskás, Szilvia Török and Gabor J. Szebeni
Nutrients 2025, 17(7), 1149; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17071149 - 26 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1646
Abstract
Background: COPD is a heterogenous disease of the respiratory tract caused by diverse genetic factors along with environmental and lifestyle-related effects such as industrial dust inhalation and, most frequently, cigarette smoking. These factors lead to airflow obstruction and chronic respiratory symptoms. Additionally, [...] Read more.
Background: COPD is a heterogenous disease of the respiratory tract caused by diverse genetic factors along with environmental and lifestyle-related effects such as industrial dust inhalation and, most frequently, cigarette smoking. These factors lead to airflow obstruction and chronic respiratory symptoms. Additionally, the increased risk of infections exacerbates airway inflammation in COPD patients. As a consequence of the complex pathomechanisms and difficulty in treatment, COPD is among the leading causes of mortality both in the western countries and in the developing world. Results: The management of COPD is still a challenge for the clinicians; however, alternative interventions such as smoking cessation and lifestyle changes from a sedentary life to moderate physical activity with special attention to the diet may ameliorate patients’ health. Here, we reviewed the effects of different dietary components and supplements on the conditions of COPD. Conclusions: COPD patients are continuously exposed to heavy metals, which are commonly present in cigarette smoke and polluted air. Meanwhile, they often experience significant nutrient deficiencies, which affect the detoxification of these toxic metals. This in turn can further disrupt nutritional balance by interfering with the absorption, metabolism, and utilization of essential micronutrients. Therefore, awareness and deliberate efforts should be made to check levels of micronutrients, with special attention to ensuring adequate levels of antioxidants, vitamin D, vitamin K2, magnesium, and iron, as these may be particularly important in reducing the risk of COPD development and limiting disease severity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modifying the Progress and the Quality of Life of COPD Patients by Nutrition)
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27 pages, 566 KiB  
Review
The Role of Trace Elements in COPD: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of Zinc, Iron, Magnesium, Selenium, Manganese, Copper, and Calcium
by Mónika Fekete, Andrea Lehoczki, Tamás Csípő, Vince Fazekas-Pongor, Ágnes Szappanos, Dávid Major, Noémi Mózes, Norbert Dósa and János Tamás Varga
Nutrients 2024, 16(23), 4118; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234118 - 28 Nov 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2382
Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive, inflammatory airway disorder characterized by a gradual decline in lung function and increased oxidative stress. Both oxidative stress and inflammation are central to its pathophysiology, with trace elements such as zinc, copper, iron, manganese, [...] Read more.
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive, inflammatory airway disorder characterized by a gradual decline in lung function and increased oxidative stress. Both oxidative stress and inflammation are central to its pathophysiology, with trace elements such as zinc, copper, iron, manganese, magnesium, selenium, and calcium playing key roles in various cellular processes. Objective: This article reviews the role of trace elements in COPD, focusing on their involvement in disease pathogenesis and their therapeutic potential. Specifically, we examine the effects of zinc, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, selenium, and calcium in COPD. Methods: We performed a comprehensive narrative review of the literature across databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, identifying studies that explore the therapeutic effects of trace elements in COPD. The studies included in the review consisted of cohort analyses, randomized controlled trials, and clinical investigations. Results: Zinc, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, selenium, and calcium are critical to both the pathophysiology and management of COPD. These trace elements contribute to the regulation of inflammation, the modulation of oxidative stress, and the maintenance of lung function. Zinc and copper, for instance, reduce oxidative stress and modulate immune responses, while iron is essential for oxygen transport. Magnesium, manganese, selenium, and calcium are vital for muscle function, respiratory performance, reducing inflammation, and improving pulmonary function. Conclusions: The minerals zinc, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, selenium, and calcium may contribute to beneficial effects as part of the standard therapeutic management of COPD. Maintaining optimal levels of these trace elements may support the regulation of inflammatory processes, a reduction in oxidative stress, and an improvement in the pulmonary function. However, further clinical research is necessary to confirm their efficacy and establish safe dosage recommendations in COPD treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modifying the Progress and the Quality of Life of COPD Patients by Nutrition)
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