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Evolution of Community Complexity

A Special Issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300) belonging to the section "Complexity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2026) | Viewed by 2779

Editors


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Guest Editor
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
Interests: open-ended evolution; life–mind continuity; offloaded agency; complex systems; artificial life
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Guest Editor
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
Interests: information theory; complex systems; collective behaviors of microbes; dyadic human interactions; generative deep neural networks

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Guest Editor
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
Interests: information bottlenecks; emergent collective intelligence; multi-agent systems; robot swarms

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to advance the understanding of novel behaviors and collective intelligence at the group level by developing a unified theoretical framework. While deep learning has contributed to data classification and gene expression analysis has enhanced the understanding of cellular states, collective phenomena in biological and physical systems—such as the behaviors of social insects, birds, fish, and fireflies—remain challenging to interpret cohesively. Current approaches, including evolutionary ecology and statistical physics, provide valuable insights but lack an overarching theoretical model to integrate diverse data.

We propose the "Community First" hypothesis, which posits that the formation of groups leads to a second level of individuation, driving the evolution of diversity and autonomy. This hypothesis will be investigated through an interdisciplinary approach involving experimental biology and theoretical modeling. One central aspect of this research is analyzing the "hierarchical structure of mutual information" to decode the complexity of inter-individual relationships. By breaking mutual information into redundancy, synergy, and uniqueness, we aim to provide new insights into how collective phenomena emerge and evolve.

This Special Issue seeks contributions that combine experimental, computational, and theoretical perspectives to explore collective dynamics and individuality. It particularly encourages studies leveraging novel data analysis methods to bridge the gap between empirical data and unified theories of collective intelligence.

Prof. Dr. Takashi Ikegami
Dr. Hiroki Kojima
Dr. Michael Crosscombe
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Entropy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • complex systems
  • collective intelligence
  • evolutionary ecology
  • community
  • collective dynamics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 7224 KB  
Article
Community First Theory: How Collective Organization Generates Individual Diversity
by Takashi Ikegami, Hiroki Kojima and Akiko Kashiwagi
Entropy 2026, 28(5), 523; https://doi.org/10.3390/e28050523 - 5 May 2026
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1808
Abstract
Collective systems often exhibit emergent behaviors that cannot be reduced to the properties of individual components. A central question is whether individuality itself is a precondition for collective organization, or whether it arises from it. Here we develop and empirically test Community First [...] Read more.
Collective systems often exhibit emergent behaviors that cannot be reduced to the properties of individual components. A central question is whether individuality itself is a precondition for collective organization, or whether it arises from it. Here we develop and empirically test Community First Theory, which proposes that collective organization is the generative substrate from which individual dynamical identity emerges. To operationalize this claim, we introduce non-trivial information closure (NTIC), which quantifies whether an individual’s temporal predictability is self-determined or distributed across collective relations. Using high-resolution tracking of complete Tetrahymena populations across four generations, we show that information closure emerges transiently in the middle phase of the cell cycle, flanked by strong collective coupling. Cells in the information-closed regime show significantly greater divergence from parental phenotypes, demonstrating that community organization actively generates behavioral diversity. These results provide initial empirical support for Community First Theory in a single-model system and suggest that NTIC offers a substrate-independent tool for locating agency transitions in collective systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution of Community Complexity)
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