Announcements

We are pleased to announce the winners of the two poster awards sponsored by Entropy (ISSN: 1099-4300) from Quantum Information and Probability: from Foundations to Engineering (QIP22), which took place in Växö (Sweden) from 14 to 18 June 2022.

1st prize
"Delayed Choice and Bohmian Trajectories Investigated with Entangled Photons in a Double Slit"
by Jan Dziewior

Bohmian mechanics, a hidden-variable interpretation of quantum mechanics, ascribes reality to the positions and momenta of quantum particles at the cost of a non-local ontology. Thus, contrary to standard quantum mechanics, it allows one to conceive of definite particle trajectories while being fully compatible with the standard theory in all empirical predictions. Nevertheless, the plausibility of the Bohmian picture was called into question by a double-slit Gedankenexperiment conducted by Englert et al. [1], which initiated a lively controversy. While most of the proponents of Bohmian mechanics agreed with the predictions of Englert et al., their conclusions have been criticized. Here, the experimental realization of this Gedankenexperiment is presented. The conditions for the occurrence of so-called “surrealistic” trajectories are realized by using a pair of entangled photons, where one of the photons is sent into an optical double-slit interferometer. The average trajectories are recorded using a method inspired by weak measurements [2,3]. By avoiding the measurement of the second photon as long as the trajectories of the first one are measured, it is possible to realize a delayed choice scenario, fully illustrating the contrasting inferences of standard and Bohmian quantum mechanics.

[1] Englert, B., Scully, M., Sussmann G., Walther, H., Surrealistic Bohm Trajectories, Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung A, 47 1175-1186 (1992).
[2] Wiseman, H. M., Grounding Bohmian mechanics in weak values and bayesianism, New J. Phys. 9 165 (2007).
[3] Mahler, D. et al., Experimental nonlocal and surreal Bohmian trajectories, Science Advances, 2 2 (2016).

2nd prize
“Inconsistency of linear dynamics and Born's rule”
by Lotte Mertens

Modern experiments conducted using nanoscale devices come ever closer to bridging the divide between the quantum and classical realms, bringing experimental tests of objective collapse theories that propose alterations to Schrödinger’s equation within reach. Such objective collapse theories aim to explain the emergence of classical dynamics in the thermodynamic limit and hence resolve the inconsistency that exists within the axioms of quantum mechanics when assuming measurements can be described by quantum mechanics as well. Here, we show that requiring the emergence of Born’s rule for relative frequencies of measurement outcomes without imposing them as part of any axiom implies that such objective collapse theories cannot be linear. Previous suggestions regarding the proof of the emergence of Born’s rule in classes of problems that include linear objective collapse theories are analyzed and shown to include hidden assumptions.

We are pleased to invite you to read papers from the “Editor’s Choice Articles” in 2021. We have carefully curated a list of high-quality articles from the Section “Thermodynamics” below:

• “Medium Entropy Reduction and Instability in Stochastic Systems with Distributed Delay”
  by Loos, S.A.M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 696; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060696
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/696

• “Stirling Refrigerating Machine Modeling Using Schmidt and Finite Physical Dimensions Thermodynamic Models: A Comparison with Experiments”
  by Dobre, C. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(3), 368; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23030368
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/3/368

• “Josephson Currents and Gap Enhancement in Graph Arrays of Superconductive Islands”
  by Lucci, M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(7), 811; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23070811
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/7/811

• “The Carnot Cycle, Reversibility and Entropy”
  by Sands, D.
  Entropy 2021, 23(7), 810; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23070810
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/7/810

• “Information Thermodynamics and Reducibility of Large Gene Networks”
  by Sarkar, S. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(1), 63; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010063
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/63

• “A Thermodynamic Approach to Measuring Entropy in a Few-Electron Nanodevice”
  by Pyurbeeva, E. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 640; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060640
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/640 

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all the research groups that submitted these exceptional papers for their contributions to Entropy (ISSN: 1099-4300). We would appreciate it if you would circulate this document among your colleagues or through your network.

If you would like to learn more about the contributions published in the “Editor’s Choice Articles”, please click on the following link: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy/editors_choice.

It is our pleasure to invite you to read the selected papers from the “Editor’s Choice Articles” in 2021. The papers from the Section “Statistical Physics” are listed below:

• “Causality and Information Transfer Between the Solar Wind and the Magnetosphere–Ionosphere System”
  by Manshour, P. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(4), 390; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23040390
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/390

• “Coupling between Blood Pressure and Subarachnoid Space Width Oscillations during Slow Breathing”
  by Gruszecka, A. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(1), 113; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010113
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/113

• “Dynamics of Ion Channels via Non-Hermitian Quantum Mechanics”
  by Gulden, T. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(1), 125; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010125
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/125

• “Gradient Profile Estimation Using Exponential Cubic Spline Smoothing in a Bayesian Framework”
  by De Silva, K. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 674; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060674
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/674

• “Spectral Properties of Effective Dynamics from Conditional Expectations”
  by Nüske, F. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(2), 134; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23020134
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/2/134

• “Ground-State Properties and Phase Separation of Binary Mixtures in Mesoscopic Ring Lattices”
  by Penna, V. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(7), 821; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23070821
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/7/821

• “A Semi-Deterministic Random Walk with Resetting”
  by Villarroel, J. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(7), 825; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23070825
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/7/825

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all the research groups that submitted these exceptional papers for their contributions to Entropy (ISSN: 1099-4300). We would greatly appreciate it if you could circulate this document among your colleagues or through your network.

If you would like to learn more about the contributions published in the “Editor’s Choice Articles”, please click on the following link: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy/editors_choice.

It is our pleasure to invite you to read the selected papers from the “Editor’s Choice Articles” in 2021. The papers from the Section “Signal and Data Analysis” are listed below:

• “Deep Task-Based Quantization”
  by Shlezinger, N. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(1), 104; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010104
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/104

• “Phase Transitions in Transfer Learning for High-Dimensional Perceptrons”
  by Dhifallah, O. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(4), 400; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23040400
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/400

• “Novel Features for Binary Time Series Based on Branch Length Similarity Entropy”
  by Lee, S.-H. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(4), 480; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23040480
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/480

• “Field Theoretical Approach for Signal Detection in Nearly Continuous Positive Spectra II: Tensorial Data”
  by Lahoche, V. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(7), 795; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23070795
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/7/795  

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all the research groups that submitted these exceptional papers for their contributions to Entropy (ISSN: 1099-4300). We would greatly appreciate it if you could circulate this document among your colleagues or through your network.

If you would like to learn more about the contributions published in the “Editor’s Choice Articles”, please click on the following link: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy/editors_choice.

It is our pleasure to invite you to read the selected papers from the “Editor’s Choice Articles” in 2021. The papers from the Section “Quantum Information” are listed below:

• “Switching and Swapping of Quantum Information: Entropy and Entanglement Level”
  by Sawerwain, M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 717; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060717
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/717

• “Beyond Causal Explanation: Einstein’s Principle Not Reichenbach’s”
  by Silberstein, M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(1), 114; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010114
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/114

• “The Phase Space Model of Nonrelativistic Quantum Mechanics”
  by Tosiek, J. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(5), 581; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23050581
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/5/581

• “The Principle of Covariance and the Hamiltonian Formulation of General Relativity”
  by Tessarotto, M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(2), 215; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23020215
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/2/215

• “On the Classical Capacity of General Quantum Gaussian Measurement”
  by Holevo, A.
  Entropy 2021, 23(3), 377; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23030377
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/3/377

• “Advances in Atomtronics”
  by Pepino, R.A.
  Entropy 2021, 23(5), 534; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23050534
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/5/534

• “Entanglement and Non-Locality in Quantum Protocols with Identical Particles”
  by Benatti, F. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(4), 479; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23040479
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/479

• “Lapsing Quickly into Fatalism: Bell on Backward Causation”
  by Norsen, T. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(2), 251; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23020251
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/2/251

• “Quantum Speed Limit and Divisibility of the Dynamical Map”
  by Teittinen, J. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(3), 331; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23030331
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/3/331

• “Federated Quantum Machine Learning”
  by Chen, S. Y.-C. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(4), 460; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23040460
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/460

• “Unveiling Operator Growth Using Spin Correlation Functions”
  by Carrega, M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(5), 587; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23050587
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/5/587  

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all the research groups that submitted these exceptional papers for their contributions to Entropy (ISSN: 1099-4300). We would greatly appreciate it if you could circulate this document among your colleagues or through your network.

If you would like to learn more about the contributions published in the “Editor’s Choice Articles”, please click on the following link: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy/editors_choice.

It is our pleasure to invite you to read the selected papers from the “Editor’s Choice Articles” in 2021. The papers from the Section “Non-equilibrium Phenomena” are listed below:

• “Characterization of a Two-Photon Quantum Battery: Initial Conditions, Stability and Work Extraction”
  by Delmonte, A. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(5), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23050612
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/5/612

• “Stochastic Thermodynamics of a Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Model”
  by Costanzo, L. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 677; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060677
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/677  

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all the research groups that submitted these exceptional papers for their contributions to Entropy (ISSN: 1099-4300). We would greatly appreciate it if you could circulate this document among your colleagues or through your network.

If you would like to learn more about the contributions published in the “Editor’s Choice Articles”, please click on the following link: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy/editors_choice.

It is our pleasure to invite you to read the selected papers from the “Editor’s Choice Articles” in 2021. The papers from the Section “Multidisciplinary Applications” are listed below:

• “Crowded Trades, Market Clustering, and Price Instability”
  by van Kralingen, M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(3), 336; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23030336
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/3/336

• “High-Entropy Alloys for Advanced Nuclear Applications”
  by Pickering, E.J. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(1), 98; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010098
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/98

• “Disentangling the Information in Species Interaction Networks”
  by Stock, M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 703; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060703
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/703

• “The Effect of a Hidden Source on the Estimation of Connectivity Networks from Multivariate Time Series”
  by Koutlis, C. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(2), 208; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23020208
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/2/208

• “Intelligent Online Monitoring of Rolling Bearing: Diagnosis and Prognosis”
  by Hotait, H. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(7), 791; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23070791
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/7/791

• “A Maximum Entropy Model of Bounded Rational Decision-Making with Prior Beliefs and Market Feedback”
  by Evans, B.P. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 669; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060669
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/669

• “The Impact of Linear Filter Preprocessing in the Interpretation of Permutation Entropy”
  by Dávalos, A. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(7), 787; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23070787
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/7/787

• “Selection of Embedding Dimension and Delay Time in Phase Space Reconstruction via Symbolic Dynamics”
  by Matilla-García, M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(2), 221; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23020221
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/2/221

• “On-Road Detection of Driver Fatigue and Drowsiness during Medium-Distance Journeys”
  by Salvati, L. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(2), 135; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23020135
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/2/135

• “The Role of Entropy in Construct Specification Equations (CSE) to Improve the Validity of Memory Tests”
  by Melin, J. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(2), 212; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23020212
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/2/212

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all the research groups that submitted these exceptional papers for their contributions to Entropy (ISSN: 1099-4300). We would greatly appreciate it if you could circulate this document among your colleagues or through your network.

If you would like to learn more about the contributions published in the “Editor’s Choice Articles”, please click on the following link: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy/editors_choice.

It is our pleasure to invite you to read the selected papers from the “Editor’s Choice Articles” in 2021. The papers from the Section “Information Theory, Probability and Statistics” are listed below:

• “Computing Accurate Probabilistic Estimates of One-D Entropy from Equiprobable Random Samples”
  by Gupta, H.V. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 740; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060740
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/740

• “Information Theory for Agents in Artificial Intelligence, Psychology, and Economics”
  by Harré, M.S.
  Entropy 2021, 23(3), 310; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23030310
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/3/310

• “Accuracy-Risk Trade-Off Due to Social Learning in Crowd-Sourced Financial Predictions”
  by Adjodah, D. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(7), 801; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23070801
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/7/801

• “Information and Self-Organization II: Steady State and Phase Transition”
  by Haken, H. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 707; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060707
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/707

• “Information Geometric Theory in the Prediction of Abrupt Changes in System Dynamics”
  by Guel-Cortez, A.-J. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 694; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060694
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/694

• “Mechanism Integrated Information”
  by Barbosa, L.S. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(3), 362; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23030362
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/3/362

• “On Representations of Divergence Measures and Related Quantities in Exponential Families”
  by Bedbur, S. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 726; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060726
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/726

• “Ordinal Pattern Dependence in the Context of Long-Range Dependence”
  by Nüßgen, I. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 670; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060670
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/670

• “Robust Universal Inference”
  by Painsky, A. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(6), 773; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060773
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/6/773

• “Information Structures for Causally Explainable Decisions”
  by Cox, L.A., Jr. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(5), 601; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23050601
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/5/601

• “Data-Driven Analysis of Nonlinear Heterogeneous Reactions through Sparse Modeling and Bayesian Statistical Approaches”
  by Ito, M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(7), 824; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23070824
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/7/824

• “Distance-Based Estimation Methods for Models for Discrete and Mixed-Scale Data”
  by Sofikitou, E.M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(1), 107; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010107
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/107

• “Trade-offs between Error Exponents and Excess-Rate Exponents of Typical Slepian–Wolf Codes”
  by Tamir, R. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(3), 265; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23030265
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/3/265

• “On a Variational Definition for the Jensen–Shannon Symmetrization of Distances Based on the Information Radius”
  by Nielsen, F.
  Entropy 2021, 23(4), 464; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23040464
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/464

• “Signal Fluctuations and the Information Transmission Rates in Binary Communication Channels”
  by Pregowska, A.
  Entropy 2021, 23(1), 92; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010092
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/92

• “Error Exponents and α-Mutual Information”
  by Verdú, S.
  Entropy 2021, 23(2), 199; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23020199
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/2/199

• “Unifying Large- and Small-Scale Theories of Coordination”
  by Kelso, J.A.S.
  Entropy 2021, 23(5), 537; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23050537
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/5/537  

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all the research groups that submitted these exceptional papers for their contributions to Entropy (ISSN: 1099-4300). We would greatly appreciate it if you could circulate this document among your colleagues or through your network.

It is our pleasure to invite you to read the selected papers from the “Editor’s Choice Articles” in 2021. The paper from the Section “Entropy Reviews” is as follows:

• “The Entropy Universe”
  by Ribeiro, M. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(2), 222; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23020222
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/2/222  

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all the research groups that submitted exceptional papers for their contributions to Entropy (ISSN: 1099-4300). We would greatly appreciate it if you could circulate this document among your colleagues or through your network.

If you would like to learn more about the contributions published in the “Editor’s Choice Articles”, please click on the following link: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy/editors_choice.

It is our pleasure to invite you to read the selected papers from the “Editor’s Choice Articles” in 2021. The papers from the Section “Entropy and Biology” are listed below:

• “Critical Comparison of MaxCal and Other Stochastic Modeling Approaches in Analysis of Gene Networks”
  by Firman, T. et al.
  Entropy 2021, 23(3), 357; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23030357
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/3/357

• “Psychomotor Predictive Processing”
  by Fox, S.
  Entropy 2021, 23(7), 806; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23070806
  Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/7/806  

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all the research groups that submitted these exceptional papers for their contributions to Entropy (ISSN: 1099-4300). We would greatly appreciate it if you could circulate this document among your colleagues or through your network.