European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education

14 pages, 582 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Psychological First Aid Interventions on Self-Efficacy and Professional Quality of Life Among Physicians: A Quasi-Experimental Study

by Othman A. Alfuqaha, Uday M. Al-Masarwah, Fatima M. Al Talahin and Rihan Thaher Altarawneh

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(12), 245; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15120245 (registering DOI) - 29 Nov 2025

Abstract

(1) Background: Psychological first aid (PFA) interventions are designed to tackle the effects of traumatic events on individuals to help them reach stability. (2) Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental study. A total of 162 physicians in Jordan were conveniently selected between 28 November [...] Read more.

(1) Background: Psychological first aid (PFA) interventions are designed to tackle the effects of traumatic events on individuals to help them reach stability. (2) Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental study. A total of 162 physicians in Jordan were conveniently selected between 28 November and 15 December 2023. We identified 82 participants by a simple random procedure to represent the control group = 42 and the experimental group = 40. The PFA intervention course was initiated from 18 December 2023 to 21 February 2024. (3) Results: We found significant differences (p < 0.001) between the control group and the experimental group based on knowledge, skills, and attitudes in terms of PFA; self-efficacy (SE); and professional quality of life (ProQoL). The experimental group demonstrated higher knowledge, skills, and attitudes in terms of PFA and improved SE compared to the control group. Physicians, before undergoing the PFA intervention and strategy training course, exhibited moderate levels of compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS). After the training course, both BO (M = 3.14, t = 3.44, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.56) and STS (M = 2.01, t = 4.25, p = 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.65) decreased significantly in the experimental group, while there was no significant effect on CS (M = 4.29, t = 1.56, p = 0.12, Cohen’s d = 0.21) as a result of the PFA training course in the experimental group. (4) Conclusions: The PFA training course improves SE and ProQoL and increases knowledge, skills, and attitudes toward PFA. We recommend implementing PFA training courses for other healthcare professionals. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research: The Emerging Challenges, Insights, and Coping Strategies)

30 pages, 980 KB

Open AccessArticle

Youths’ Wellbeing Between Future and Uncertainty Across Cultural Contexts: A Focus on Latent Meanings as Mediational Factors

by Massimo Ingrassia, Narine Khachatryan, Simone Rollo, Edita Arakelyan, Tsaghik Mikayelyan and Loredana Benedetto

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(12), 244; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15120244 (registering DOI) - 29 Nov 2025

Abstract

Factors like future time perspective, cultural belongings, and semiotic resources (i.e., individuals’ meanings to interpret the world), as well as worrying phenomena (climate change and armed conflicts), can harm wellbeing and increase personal distress. The study, comparing Armenian and Italian contexts, explores whether [...] Read more.

Factors like future time perspective, cultural belongings, and semiotic resources (i.e., individuals’ meanings to interpret the world), as well as worrying phenomena (climate change and armed conflicts), can harm wellbeing and increase personal distress. The study, comparing Armenian and Italian contexts, explores whether youths’ wellbeing and psychological distress are explained by openness to time perspective, anxiety about uncertainty, and worry regarding climate change and war, as a function of the individual semiotic resources (mapped by Views of Context). Participants were 202 Armenian and 271 Italian young adults (M_age = 21.23, SD_age = 3.35). A Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) applied to Views of Context extracted two dimensions of sense; a second-order MCA aggregated the extracted meanings into three clusters named Orientation towards self-care (CL₁), Social and personal commitment (CL₂), and Absolute devaluation and social detachment (CL₃). Clusters and/or nationality significantly differentiated measures of worry for war and climate change, future time perspective, intolerance of uncertainty, and wellbeing, but not the distress scores, by 3 × 2 ANOVAs. Linear regressions showed future time perspective and intolerance of uncertainty as positive and negative predictors of wellbeing respectively, with a significant Views-of-Context dimension, inversely affecting distress scores. Study highlights youths’ latent meanings influence wellbeing and distress, serving as a “starting point” for health promotion interventions sensitive to cultural differences. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Global Mental Health Trends)

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15 pages, 354 KB

Open AccessArticle

Time on Their Side: How Visual Timers Affect Anticipatory Anxiety, Performance, and On-Task Behavior in Elementary Math Assessments

by Quentin Hallez and Victoire Vallier

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(12), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15120243 (registering DOI) - 28 Nov 2025

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of visual timers on 7- to 9-year-old students’ mathematical performance, anticipatory anxiety related to math assessment, and on-task behavior during a timed assessment. Building on previous findings that visual timers reduce anxiety and improve performance, this research further [...] Read more.

This study investigated the impact of visual timers on 7- to 9-year-old students’ mathematical performance, anticipatory anxiety related to math assessment, and on-task behavior during a timed assessment. Building on previous findings that visual timers reduce anxiety and improve performance, this research further examined how children interact with a Time-Timer and whether its use influenced off-task behaviors. Forty-four children completed a timed mathematical assessment under two counterbalanced conditions: with and without a visible Time-Timer. Results replicated the anxiolytic effect of visual timers indicating significantly lower anticipatory anxiety levels prior to task onset in the Time-Timer condition. However, no significant difference in math performance was observed between conditions. Notably, the Time-Timer condition was associated with a significant reduction in inattentive and motor instability behaviors. This effect was particularly pronounced for children at higher risk for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, as measured by the Conners’ questionnaire. Furthermore, engagement with the Time-Timer was highly heterogeneous; while some children never consulted the device, 25% of participants monitored it with high frequency (i.e., more than seven times in a five-minute period). While this study supports the use of visual timers for reducing anxiety and promoting on-task behaviors, it highlights the need to understand individual differences in usage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Subjective Time: Cognition, Emotion and Beyond)

25 pages, 1019 KB

Open AccessReview

Conceptualization of Digital Platforms Within Cancer Communication: A Review of Barriers and Drivers of Online Tools to Empower Children and Adolescents with Cancer to Understand Their Disease

by María Díaz-Cortés, Javier Morales-Mediano, Julio C. la Torre-Montero and Augusto Ferreira-Umpiérrez

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(12), 242; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15120242 (registering DOI) - 28 Nov 2025

Abstract

The primary objective of this research is to identify the most influential factors in the digital platforms used by cancer patients and their environments for accessing oncopaediatric information. This is a PRISMA-guided systematic review that synthesises studies published between 2004 and January 2023 [...] Read more.

The primary objective of this research is to identify the most influential factors in the digital platforms used by cancer patients and their environments for accessing oncopaediatric information. This is a PRISMA-guided systematic review that synthesises studies published between 2004 and January 2023 and does not report new primary data. We explore the drivers and barriers of web-based platforms, health apps and social media. We conducted a literature review guided by the PICOS strategy: (P) children and adolescents; (I) factors affecting the use of health apps and social media; (C) without a specific comparison; (O) measuring impact, understanding and success factors; (S) using a conceptual approach. Our study reveals a dual dynamic in paediatric oncology science communication, in which drivers (information, collaborative efforts, comprehensive education) and barriers (age-appropriate content, misinformation) shape the complex communication landscape. The reality is that a healthcare application is needed that focuses on extensive education and the paediatric patient’s involvement in understanding and improving their well-being. It requires adapting communication strategies. Additionally, we explore the theory of online health communication and identify several promising avenues for research. Full article

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20 pages, 380 KB

Open AccessArticle

Traumatic Events, Psychopathology, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the General Community and First Responders: Presence of Symptoms and Associated Factors

by Hélder António, Pedro Gamito, Stéphane Bouchard, Shivani Atul Mansuklal, José Cardoso, Maria Vieira de Castro and Ricardo Pinto

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(12), 241; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15120241 - 26 Nov 2025

Abstract

Most individuals experience at least one traumatic event during their lifetime, which can lead to the development of psychopathological symptoms and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). First responders (e.g., police officers, firefighters, emergency medical professionals) are exposed to traumatic events daily, making them particularly [...] Read more.

Most individuals experience at least one traumatic event during their lifetime, which can lead to the development of psychopathological symptoms and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). First responders (e.g., police officers, firefighters, emergency medical professionals) are exposed to traumatic events daily, making them particularly vulnerable to developing such symptoms. Using an online questionnaire, this study aimed to compare self-reported exposure to traumatic events and the presence of psychopathological and PTSD symptoms between a sample from the general community (n = 137) and first responders (n = 672) residing in Portugal. We also sought to identify factors associated with the development of PTSD symptoms. Results showed that although first responders reported higher exposure to traumatic events, there were no significant differences in PTSD symptoms between first responders and the general community. However, general psychopathological symptoms, particularly anxiety and depression, were higher in the general community than among first responders. Symptoms of anxiety, depression, obsessive–compulsive tendencies, hostility, paranoid ideation, psychoticism, and personally experienced traumatic events emerged as significant predictors of PTSD symptoms, whereas demographic variables showed no significant predictive value. The potential influence of factors such as terror management theory, training and education, professional selection, the “hero lifestyle”, and the “police culture” is discussed, along with implications and directions for future research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Occupational Health Challenges: Mapping Psychosocial Factors Driving Healthy Organizations)

20 pages, 371 KB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring the Dimensionality of the Perceived Cost of Learning High School Mathematics

by Saule Raiziene, Lauryna Rakickiene and Dovile Butkiene

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(12), 240; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15120240 - 26 Nov 2025

Abstract

The concept of cost, defined as the perceived negative consequences of engaging in a task, is an important yet understudied component of the expectancy–value theory of student motivation. In this study, we examined the multidimensional cost structure in mathematics learning, focusing on four [...] Read more.

The concept of cost, defined as the perceived negative consequences of engaging in a task, is an important yet understudied component of the expectancy–value theory of student motivation. In this study, we examined the multidimensional cost structure in mathematics learning, focusing on four facets proposed in recent research: effort, opportunity, emotional, and ego costs. Participants consisted of 1483 ninth-grade students from 24 public schools in Lithuania (56.04% girls; M = 14.88 years). Students completed a questionnaire developed to assess the four cost dimensions, along with measures of their intentions to pursue mathematics, procrastination, and negative classroom emotions; academic achievement data were obtained from school records. Using a split-sample design, we used exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to test alternative structural representations of cost. A comparison of correlated-factor, higher-order, and bifactor models indicated that the correlated-factor ESEM model best fitted the data, supporting the specificity of the four distinct cost dimensions. Specific associations of each cost dimension with study outcomes further supported this differentiation, with ego cost most notably diverging from the other three cost dimensions. The results confirm the distinct nature of the four cost dimensions and underscore the importance of examining their separate roles in students’ mathematics learning, contributing to the existing evidence from a comparatively understudied cultural context. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Well-Being and Coping Strategies in Educational Psychology)

11 pages, 365 KB

Open AccessArticle

A 20-Minute Mindful Jazz Intervention Decreased Chronic Pain Patients’ Pain and Anxiety 4 Weeks Later: Results from a Pilot Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

by Sean D. Young and Adam Hanley

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(12), 239; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15120239 - 25 Nov 2025

Abstract

Objectives: Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is the leading cause of years lived with disability worldwide and the costliest health condition in the United States. Mindfulness is an effective treatment for CMP, but traditional mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are inaccessible for many CMP patients for [...] Read more.

Objectives: Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is the leading cause of years lived with disability worldwide and the costliest health condition in the United States. Mindfulness is an effective treatment for CMP, but traditional mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are inaccessible for many CMP patients for both format and content reasons. An MBI that leverages music may be a more accessible approach. Methods: This pilot randomized controlled trial investigates the effects of a 20 min mindful jazz listening intervention with a 4-week self-directed practice period on chronic pain patients, comparing the daily mindful jazz listening (n = 27) with regular daily jazz listening (n = 30). We assess immediate and 4-week post-intervention outcomes for pain intensity, unpleasantness and anxiety. This study was conducted in accordance with ethical standards and is registered under the IRB (#3454) of the University of California, Irvine. Results: Results suggest that mindfully listening to jazz reduces pain and anxiety compared to the regular jazz group. Conclusions: Mindfully listening to jazz may be an effective, brief intervention for managing pain and anxiety in chronic pain patients, highlighting its potential as an accessible and engaging chronic pain management. Full article

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21 pages, 739 KB

Open AccessArticle

Future Time Perspective and Locomotion Jointly Predict Anticipatory Pleasure in Adolescence: An Integrative Hierarchical Model

by Stefania Mancone, Alessandra Zanon, Adele Gentile, Giulio Marotta, Francesco Di Siena, Lavinia Falese and Pierluigi Diotaiuti

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 238; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110238 - 19 Nov 2025

Abstract

Objectives: Grounded in Zimbardo’s Time Perspective theory and Regulatory Mode theory, together with developmental accounts of adolescent prospection and value-based choice, this study tests a unified model in which Locomotion (primary) and Future time perspective (secondary) jointly predict Anticipatory Pleasure in adolescence, while [...] Read more.

Objectives: Grounded in Zimbardo’s Time Perspective theory and Regulatory Mode theory, together with developmental accounts of adolescent prospection and value-based choice, this study tests a unified model in which Locomotion (primary) and Future time perspective (secondary) jointly predict Anticipatory Pleasure in adolescence, while considering Assessment, gender, age, and sensation seeking. The goal is to understand how adolescents’ temporal orientation and self-regulation contribute to their motivational and hedonic functioning. Methods: A total of 1540 adolescents (aged 14–19 years) completed validated self-report measures assessing time perspective, regulatory mode (assessment and locomotion), anticipatory and consummatory pleasure, and sensation seeking. Gender differences were examined with independent-samples t-tests, while associations among variables were tested using Pearson correlations and hierarchical regression analyses. Results: Female adolescents reported significantly higher levels of future orientation and anticipatory pleasure, while males showed greater sensation seeking. Future time perspective and locomotion were positively correlated with anticipatory pleasure. In the regression analysis, locomotion emerged as the strongest predictor of anticipatory pleasure, followed by future orientation. Sensation seeking was not a significant predictor. Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of future-oriented thinking and action-driven self-regulation in sustaining adolescents’ capacity to anticipate and derive motivation from future experiences. Gender-based motivational pathways are also highlighted, suggesting the need for differentiated developmental interventions. The study provides new insights into the interplay between time-based cognition and motivational dynamics during adolescence. Full article

(This article belongs to the Collection Variables Related to Well-Being in Adolescence)

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17 pages, 294 KB

Open AccessArticle

A Relational Turbulence Theory Perspective on Interpersonal Conflict During the Transition to Parenthood

by Roi Estlein, Jennifer A. Theiss, Kirsten M. Weber and Hannah E. Jones

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 237; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110237 - 18 Nov 2025

Abstract

This study applied relational turbulence theory to examine how relationship characteristics in the form of relational uncertainty and partner interdependence during the transition to parenthood are associated with more severe appraisals of irritations, features of communication during couple conflict, and perceptions of increased [...] Read more.

This study applied relational turbulence theory to examine how relationship characteristics in the form of relational uncertainty and partner interdependence during the transition to parenthood are associated with more severe appraisals of irritations, features of communication during couple conflict, and perceptions of increased turbulence in the relationship. We conducted a longitudinal study of 78 couples who were surveyed three times during the transition to parenthood from pregnancy to six months after birth. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling and examined both actor and partner effects. Results point to between-person and within-person actor effects, with actors’ relational uncertainty and facets of interdependence predicting perceived severity of irritations and features of conflict episodes. In addition, actors’ severity of irritations predicted conflict features and perceived relational turbulence. Partner effects emerged for relational uncertainty predicting communicative openness, conflict management, and relational turbulence, and facets of interdependence predicting most outcomes. The results are discussed in terms of their theoretical contributions and practical implications for first-time parents. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Psychological and Social Influences on Satisfaction in Couple Relationships)

17 pages, 353 KB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring Psychological Factors and Metacognitive Beliefs in Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Single-Group Pre–Post Study

by Giada Pietrabissa, Giada Rapelli, Denise Bruno, Clarissa Volpi, Lia Crotti and Gianluca Castelnuovo

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 236; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110236 - 18 Nov 2025

Abstract

Background: Psychosocial and metacognitive factors play a critical role in cardiovascular health, influencing clinical outcomes and adherence to treatment after Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR). This study investigated the effects of an outpatient CR program on anxiety, depression, and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in [...] Read more.

Background: Psychosocial and metacognitive factors play a critical role in cardiovascular health, influencing clinical outcomes and adherence to treatment after Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR). This study investigated the effects of an outpatient CR program on anxiety, depression, and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in patients with established Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Furthermore, it examined the contribution of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and dysfunctional metacognitions to patients’ perceived HRQoL. Methods: Data on demographic, psychological, and biomedical variables were obtained from 89 patients with CVD at baseline and upon completion of the CR program. Results: Participation in CR was associated with significant reductions in depressive symptoms and improvements in perceived HRQoL. Importantly, reductions in dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs emerged as the strongest predictor of post-intervention HRQoL, outweighing the predictive contribution of changes in depression and anxiety. Discussion: The results highlight the close interrelationship between psychological distress and maladaptive metacognitions, both of which are strongly associated with patients’ perceived HRQoL during CR. Conclusions: Addressing maladaptive metacognitive processes may represent a promising therapeutic target to optimize psychological adjustment and improve HRQoL in individuals undergoing CR. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mental Health and Adaptation in Chronic Illness: Risky Factors and Resilience)

15 pages, 1011 KB

Open AccessArticle

Psychometric Network Model Recovery: The Effect of Sample Size, Number of Items, and Number of Nodes

by Marcelo Ávalos-Tejeda and Carlos Calderón

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 235; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110235 - 18 Nov 2025

Abstract

In recent years, network psychometrics has emerged as an alternative to the reflective latent variable model. This model conceptualizes traits as complex systems of behaviors mutually interacting with each other. Although this model offers important advantages compared to the reflective model, questions remain [...] Read more.

In recent years, network psychometrics has emerged as an alternative to the reflective latent variable model. This model conceptualizes traits as complex systems of behaviors mutually interacting with each other. Although this model offers important advantages compared to the reflective model, questions remain regarding the necessary sample size and the influence of factors such as the number of nodes and edges. This study aims to evaluate the psychometric network model performance under different conditions of sample size, number of nodes, and number of edges. The methodology involved a simulation with 1000 replicates for each combination of sample size, number of nodes, and the value of gamma parameter, which is used to determine the magnitude of the edges considered significant. The effect of these conditions on the accuracy of edge estimations and centrality indices (strength and expected influence) was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, and bias indicators. Results suggest that sample size and network complexity have a more significant impact than γ, methodological guidelines being proposed to support decision-making in applied research. In summary, this study provides empirically grounded recommendations that can guide applied researchers in designing robust psychometric network analyses and ensuring reliable estimation of model parameters. Full article

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13 pages, 496 KB

Open AccessArticle

Understanding Well-Being in the Classroom: A Study on Italian Primary School Teachers Using the JD-R Model

by Maria Francesca Trocino, Giovanni Schettino and Vincenza Capone

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 234; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110234 - 15 Nov 2025

Abstract

Teaching has always been recognized as one of the professions with the highest risk of burnout, thus highlighting the need to take into account how organizations could promote a “healthier” work life. Accordingly, literature has gone beyond the conceptualization of well-being as merely [...] Read more.

Teaching has always been recognized as one of the professions with the highest risk of burnout, thus highlighting the need to take into account how organizations could promote a “healthier” work life. Accordingly, literature has gone beyond the conceptualization of well-being as merely the “absence of illness” to concluding that it must be regarded as a state of complete health. The current study adopts this theoretical approach to address the limited literature on factors affecting the well-being of Italian primary school teachers. Specifically, responses to a self-report questionnaire completed by 142 Italian primary school teachers showed that work self-efficacy was positively associated with job satisfaction, which in turn was positively related to well-being. Consequently, job satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and well-being. Furthermore, both work overload and work autonomy were found to be negatively associated with teacher well-being. These findings can inform the design of targeted interventions aimed at enhancing the performance and psychological health of primary school teachers by managing demands and fostering effective resources. Full article

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14 pages, 781 KB

Open AccessArticle

Digital Play Addiction Tendency and Aggressive Behaviors Among Turkish Preschoolers: Evidence from Parent Reports

by Selahattin Semiz, Yüksel Büşra Yüksel Aykanat, Büşra Somuncu Çoksağır, Amira Mohammed Ali, Carlos Laranjeira and Murat Yıldırım

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 233; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110233 - 14 Nov 2025

Abstract

The escalating exposure of young children to digital gaming necessitates a critical examination of its behavioral impacts. However, evidence regarding its influence on aggressive behavior remains limited. This study investigated the relationship between digital play addiction tendency and our dimensions of aggression: physical [...] Read more.

The escalating exposure of young children to digital gaming necessitates a critical examination of its behavioral impacts. However, evidence regarding its influence on aggressive behavior remains limited. This study investigated the relationship between digital play addiction tendency and our dimensions of aggression: physical aggression, relational aggression, self-directed aggression, and aggression against objects. This study employed a cross-sectional design, gathering data through parent assessments. The sample consisted of 744 children aged 4 to 6 years. The average age of the participants was 33.5, with 82% of the sample being female. The participants came from a lower (27%), middle (37%), and high (36%) socioeconomic background. The data were analyzed using a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach to test the hypothesized relationships. The main findings from the SEM analysis indicated that a higher digital play addiction tendency was a significant positive predictor of all four dimensions of aggression. These results highlight the potential adverse effects of digital play addiction tendency on the development of maladaptive behaviors in early childhood. This study underscores the urgent need to develop strategies that foster healthier digital media consumption and mitigate the adverse effects of digital gaming on children’s developmental outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Psychological and Social Determinants of Violence in School Environments: Advancing in the Prevention and Reduction of Its Effects)

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15 pages, 566 KB

Open AccessArticle

Mental Health in the Shadow of Conflict: Psychological Profiles and Pathways to Suicidal Ideation in Conflict-Affected Students

by Sami Hamdan and Eyad Hallaq

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 232; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110232 - 13 Nov 2025

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to identify psychological characteristics associated with suicidal ideation among Palestinian university students in the West Bank during a period of escalating regional violence (October 2023), with data collected prior to the end of the war, a period marked by [...] Read more.

Objective: This study aimed to identify psychological characteristics associated with suicidal ideation among Palestinian university students in the West Bank during a period of escalating regional violence (October 2023), with data collected prior to the end of the war, a period marked by intensified political violence and collective trauma. The goal was to identify empirically derived psychological profiles of distress and coping using Latent Profile Analysis. Method: A cross-sectional survey of 900 students assessed depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, resilience, help-seeking attitudes, and suicidal ideation during the past 12 months. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA), logistic regression, and moderated mediation analysis were employed to investigate the relationships between distress, self-efficacy, resilience, and suicidal ideation. Results: Results indicate that depression and anxiety are associated with increased 12-month suicidal ideation, but greater self-efficacy appears to reduce this risk. The mediation analysis revealed that self-efficacy partially explains the relationship between distress and suicidal ideation; however, resilience did not have a significant moderating effect. The LPA identified three distinct psychological profiles, with the highest-risk group exhibiting significant distress and low self-efficacy. Conclusions: These results highlight the significant mental health burden faced by Palestinian youth and underscore the importance of internal psychological resources, particularly self-efficacy, that are associated with lower levels of suicidal ideation. Enhancing self-efficacy may offer a culturally relevant approach for prevention efforts in politically unstable environments. Full article

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22 pages, 1186 KB

Open AccessReview

Anxiety, Academic Performance, and Physical Activity in University Students: A Scoping Review

by Israel Vinueza-Fernández, Wilmer Esparza, Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez and Evelyn Sánchez-Cajas

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 231; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110231 - 13 Nov 2025

Abstract

Anxiety disorders affect over 280 million people globally and are associated with cognitive impairment. University students show a particularly high susceptibility, with studies reporting prevalent daily anxiety in this population. Physical activity (PA) has demonstrated efficacy in reducing stress and anxiety, potentially enhancing [...] Read more.

Anxiety disorders affect over 280 million people globally and are associated with cognitive impairment. University students show a particularly high susceptibility, with studies reporting prevalent daily anxiety in this population. Physical activity (PA) has demonstrated efficacy in reducing stress and anxiety, potentially enhancing cognitive function. This scoping review examines existing evidence on the relationship between PA, anxiety symptoms, and academic performance in university students while identifying research gaps. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines and Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, we analyzed observational and experimental studies from PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus. A descriptive–analytical approach assessed the effects of exercise on anxiety and academic outcomes. Out of 362 records screened, 27 met the inclusion criteria. Evidence suggests PA interventions across intensity levels may alleviate anxiety symptoms and improve academic performance. However, experimental studies specifically targeting this population remain scarce. Current findings indicate PA interventions may reduce anxiety and potentially enhance academic performance in university students. Further experimental research is required to establish causality and elucidate underlying mechanisms. Full article

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17 pages, 635 KB

Open AccessArticle

Spanish Adaptation and Validation of the General Attitudes Towards Artificial Intelligence Scale (GAAIS)

by Zeinab Arees, Sergio Guntín, Francisca Fariña and Mercedes Novo

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 230; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110230 - 11 Nov 2025

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is generating a profound and quick transformation in several areas of knowledge, as well as in industry and society on a global scale, and is considered one of the most significant technological advances of the present era. Understanding citizens’ attitudes [...] Read more.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is generating a profound and quick transformation in several areas of knowledge, as well as in industry and society on a global scale, and is considered one of the most significant technological advances of the present era. Understanding citizens’ attitudes toward AI is essential forguiding its development and implementation. To achieve this, valid and reliable instruments are needed to assess attitudesin different sociocultural contexts. With this objective, the General Attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence Scale (GAAIS) was adapted to Spanish. The sample comprised 644 participants: 327 men and 316 women, aged between 18 and 78 years (M = 33.06, SD = 14.91). The original two-factor structure (Positive GAAIS and Negative GAAIS) was validated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Both the fit indices and the internal consistency of the scale were adequate. Furthermore, the validity of the measure (i.e., convergent and discriminant) and the invariance of the model were confirmed. The analyses performed support the adequacy of the model and, therefore, the usefulness of the instrument, considering the ambivalence that people often experience regarding AI. The limitations of the study and the implications for the design of public policies and intervention strategies that promote the ethical, equitable, and socially responsible use of AI are discussed in this study. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mind–Technology Interaction in the New Digital Era)

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17 pages, 485 KB

Open AccessArticle

Sleep Disturbance as a Mediator Between Problematic Social Media Use and Depressive Symptoms Among Mexican Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Multicenter Study

by José Ángel Hernández-Mariano, Ana Cristina Castañeda-Márquez, Gledy Manuela Olmos-Rivera, Rocío Castillo-Díaz, Fani Villa-Rivas, Edith Araceli Cano-Estrada, Yaneth Citlalli Orbe-Orihuela, Miguel Trujillo-Martínez and Monica Alethia Cureño-Díaz

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 229; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110229 - 11 Nov 2025

Abstract

Background: Social media addiction is a growing concern among undergraduates, with nursing students particularly vulnerable as their stressful academic and clinical context may promote excessive use, impaired sleep, and higher depression risk. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether sleep disturbance mediates the association [...] Read more.

Background: Social media addiction is a growing concern among undergraduates, with nursing students particularly vulnerable as their stressful academic and clinical context may promote excessive use, impaired sleep, and higher depression risk. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether sleep disturbance mediates the association between problematic social media use and symptoms of depression among nursing students in Mexico. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional, analytical study using a random sample of 638 nursing students from three Mexican public universities. Between August and December 2024, participants completed validated scales for social media addiction, sleep quality, and depression. Counterfactual causal mediation analysis was performed using logistic regression with robust errors. Results: Sleep disturbance affected 51.7% of students, and 27.5% reported depression. Social media addiction showed a dose–response association with both outcomes. Mediation analysis revealed a total effect on depression (OR = 2.19; 95% CI = 1.45–3.30) and an indirect effect via sleep disturbance (OR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.01–1.38), explaining 31.4% of the effect. Conclusions: Sleep disturbance partially mediates this association. Interventions addressing digital behavior and sleep hygiene may improve mental health in nursing students. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Social Media on Public Health and Education)

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17 pages, 629 KB

Open AccessArticle

Attitudes, Roles, and Competencies of Clinical Psychologists Regarding Euthanasia Due to Unbearable Mental Suffering

by Dennis Demedts, Wouter Drijkoningen and Johan Bilsen

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 228; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110228 - 5 Nov 2025

Abstract

Since the enactment of Belgium’s euthanasia law in 2002, clinical psychologists have played an increasingly significant role in the multidisciplinary approach to euthanasia, particularly regarding cases involving unbearable mental suffering (UMS euthanasia). This cross-sectional study examined the attitudes, roles, and competencies of clinical [...] Read more.

Since the enactment of Belgium’s euthanasia law in 2002, clinical psychologists have played an increasingly significant role in the multidisciplinary approach to euthanasia, particularly regarding cases involving unbearable mental suffering (UMS euthanasia). This cross-sectional study examined the attitudes, roles, and competencies of clinical psychologists in Flanders concerning UMS euthanasia using an online questionnaire (n = 242). The survey explored attitudes towards UMS euthanasia, as well as self-perceived competencies and involvement. Results indicate that most psychologists hold a generally positive stance towards UMS euthanasia and believe in supporting patient requests under appropriate conditions. Their roles are seen as essential in decision-making, exploring alternatives, and providing aftercare for families, though opinions vary about their involvement during the actual procedure. Demographic factors such as age, gender, work setting, and prior involvement in euthanasia showed no significant influence on attitudes; however, greater knowledge and skills were reported among those in specialized settings, palliative care, or with prior euthanasia involvement. A pronounced lack of training and education in this area was reported, highlighting the need for targeted measures. The findings underscore the necessity of clarifying psychologists’ roles, expanding legal guidelines, and improving training to enhance care quality in the context of UMS euthanasia. Full article

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Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Protective or Pressuring? Multi-Group Structural Path Analysis of Family–School Support and Mental Health Among Postgraduates

by Ying Zhou, Jinbo Hou, Chenling Liu, Chunyan Zhou, Jingjing Song and Lin Li

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(11), 227; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15110227 - 5 Nov 2025

Abstract

(1) Background: With the continuous expansion of graduate education, the mental health of postgraduates has become a growing concern for both academia and society. Understanding how family and institutional resources influence psychological outcomes is critical for developing effective support strategies; (2) Methods: A [...] Read more.

(1) Background: With the continuous expansion of graduate education, the mental health of postgraduates has become a growing concern for both academia and society. Understanding how family and institutional resources influence psychological outcomes is critical for developing effective support strategies; (2) Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3998 postgraduate students across China, including 3393 master’s students (51.78% female, M = 24.21, SD = 1.521) and 605 doctoral students (37.19% female, M = 27.77, SD = 2.841). Multi-group structural equation modeling was employed to examine how family functioning and supervisor–postgraduate relationships influenced mental health, research self-efficacy, and suicidal tendencies; (3) Results: The findings showed that although most structural relationships were consistent across groups, two critical pathways were nonsignificant at the doctoral stage, providing evidence of partial structural invariance; (4) Conclusions: The study suggests that while family and school support generally play a protective role, their influence varies across educational stages. Tailoring psychological interventions to the distinct needs of master’s and doctoral students is essential, offering both theoretical insights into the dual role of contextual resources and practical guidance for targeted mental health support in graduate education. Full article

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European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education

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