Previous Issue
Volume 5, September
 
 

Wind, Volume 5, Issue 4 (December 2025) – 4 articles

  • Issues are regarded as officially published after their release is announced to the table of contents alert mailing list.
  • You may sign up for e-mail alerts to receive table of contents of newly released issues.
  • PDF is the official format for papers published in both, html and pdf forms. To view the papers in pdf format, click on the "PDF Full-text" link, and use the free Adobe Reader to open them.
Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
27 pages, 10871 KB  
Article
Lift-Based Rotor Optimization of HAWTs via Blade Element Momentum Theory and CFD
by Rossen Iliev
Wind 2025, 5(4), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/wind5040025 - 13 Oct 2025
Viewed by 60
Abstract
This article presents a methodology for the synthesis of horizontal-axis wind turbines operating on the principle of lift. The profile geometry is synthesized using the Vortex–source distribution method following Glauert’s approach. The blade shape is developed using the Blade Element Momentum Theory. Efficiency [...] Read more.
This article presents a methodology for the synthesis of horizontal-axis wind turbines operating on the principle of lift. The profile geometry is synthesized using the Vortex–source distribution method following Glauert’s approach. The blade shape is developed using the Blade Element Momentum Theory. Efficiency is determined with Computational Fluid Dynamics. The methodology uses a multifactor numerical experiment, with the objective function defined as maximizing lift-to-drag ratio of the blade profile. Validation of the obtained power curves is performed with QBlade and XFoil and confirmed experimentally on a laboratory test bench. The proposed methodology demonstrates improved accuracy in predicting the power coefficient and the optimal operation regime of horizontal-axis wind turbines at low Reynolds numbers. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 4052 KB  
Article
Incorporating the Effect of Windborne Debris on Wind Pressure Calculation of ASCE 7 Provisions
by Karim Farokhnia
Wind 2025, 5(4), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/wind5040024 - 13 Oct 2025
Viewed by 53
Abstract
Windborne debris generated during tornadoes and hurricanes plays a critical role in building damage. This damage occurs either through direct impact on structural and nonstructural components or indirectly by increasing internal pressure when debris penetrates openings (e.g., windows and doors) or creates new [...] Read more.
Windborne debris generated during tornadoes and hurricanes plays a critical role in building damage. This damage occurs either through direct impact on structural and nonstructural components or indirectly by increasing internal pressure when debris penetrates openings (e.g., windows and doors) or creates new ones. These breaches can significantly raise internal pressure, even at lower wind speeds compared to debris-free conditions. Current provisions in ASCE 7, the nationally adopted standard for wind load calculations in the United States, account for factors such as building geometry, location, and exposure category. However, they do not consider the effects of windborne debris on internal pressure coefficients. This study proposes an enhancement to ASCE 7 by incorporating debris effects through the use of a more conservative enclosure classification. Real-world damage observations from three tornado-impacted residential buildings are presented, followed by a failure mechanism analysis, supporting analytical fragility data, and numerical simulations of debris effects on building damage. The findings suggest that treating buildings as Partially Enclosed under ASCE 7 can more accurately reflect debris-induced internal pressures and improve building resilience under extreme wind events. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 3270 KB  
Article
Structural Topology Optimisation of a Composite Wind Turbine Blade Under Various Constraints
by Mohamed Noufel Ajmal Khan and Mertol Tüfekci
Wind 2025, 5(4), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/wind5040023 - 28 Sep 2025
Viewed by 309
Abstract
This study investigates the topology optimisation of a composite wind turbine blade with the objective of improving its structural performance under static and dynamic constraints. Two distinct optimisation strategies—based on static deformation limits and modal frequency enhancement—are employed to achieve mass reduction while [...] Read more.
This study investigates the topology optimisation of a composite wind turbine blade with the objective of improving its structural performance under static and dynamic constraints. Two distinct optimisation strategies—based on static deformation limits and modal frequency enhancement—are employed to achieve mass reduction while maintaining or improving mechanical performance. The optimisation process incorporates modal characterisation of the first ten natural frequencies and a detailed static stress analysis. Results indicate that the optimised designs achieve a notable increase in the fundamental natural frequency of the blade—from 2.32 Hz to 2.99 Hz—and reduce the overall mass by approximately 49%, lowering it from 4.55 × 105 kg to around 2.34 × 105 kg compared to the original configuration. In particular, the optimised geometry offers improved stiffness and a more uniform stress distribution, especially in the flapwise bending and torsional modes. Higher-order torsional frequencies remain well-separated from typical excitation sources, minimising resonance risks. These findings highlight the effectiveness of constraint-driven topology optimisation in enhancing structural performance and reducing material usage in wind turbine blade design. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 5263 KB  
Systematic Review
Current Status and Sustainable Utilization of Wind Energy Resources in Mexico: A Systematic Review
by Uriel Castilla Batun, Mohamed E. Zayed, Mohamed Ghazy and Shafiqur Rehman
Wind 2025, 5(4), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/wind5040022 - 24 Sep 2025
Viewed by 694
Abstract
Mexico holds significant potential for wind energy development, owing to its strategic geographic location and extensive coastlines. This review article systematically explores the technical, environmental, and economic aspects of wind energy in five different climatic zones in Mexico, reviewing potential zones for wind [...] Read more.
Mexico holds significant potential for wind energy development, owing to its strategic geographic location and extensive coastlines. This review article systematically explores the technical, environmental, and economic aspects of wind energy in five different climatic zones in Mexico, reviewing potential zones for wind energy development, with the focus on the key case studies, ongoing project, and wind power performance metrics. It also critically examines the key challenges and opportunities within Mexico’s wind energy portfolio, with a focus on social, economic, environmental, and regulatory dimensions that influence the sector’s development and long-term sustainability. The results indicate that Oaxaca leads Mexico’s onshore wind potential with a power density of 761 W/m2, followed by strong resources in Tamaulipas and Baja California, where wind speeds exceed 6 m/s. For offshore wind potential, Isthmus of Tehuantepec demonstrates outstanding offshore potential, with wind power densities exceeding 1000 W/m2 and wind speeds above 8 m/s. Major challenges include inconsistent or unclear governmental policies regarding renewable energy incentives, regulatory uncertainties, and social resistance from local communities concerned about environmental impacts and land use. These obstacles underline the need for integrated, transparent policies and inclusive engagement strategies to carry out the full potential of wind energy in Mexico. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

Previous Issue
Back to TopTop