Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
3.9
2.7
Journals
Fire
Special Issues
Advances in Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering
share announcement

Advances in Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering

A special issue of Fire (ISSN 2571-6255). This special issue belongs to the section "Fire Risk Assessment and Safety Management in Buildings and Urban Spaces".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 4882

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Haowei Yao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Building and Environmental Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
Interests: electrical fire; building fire; new energy fire
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Lun Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: control of combustion pollutants; numerical simulation of combustion
Prof. Dr. Shaohua Mao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: smart fire protection and intelligent disaster prevention technology; fire dynamics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Kaihua Lu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: fire in underground spaces; pool fire; tunnel fire; compartment fire; cable fire and fire spread; oil fire; fire dynamics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Kaixuan Tang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: prevention and control of photovoltaic and electrical fires; thermal safety in new energy utilization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yulun Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: leakage and seepage of liquid fuels; infiltration combustion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Peng Lei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: fire in confined spaces; numerical calculation of fluid flow and heat transfer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fire science and fire protection engineering are crucial fields dedicated to enhancing the safety of individuals, buildings, and infrastructure from the devastating effects of fire. Over the years, significant progress has been made in understanding fire behavior, fire dynamics, and the development of advanced protection technologies. The continuous evolution of building materials, fire detection systems, and fire suppression methods plays a pivotal role in mitigating the risks associated with fire hazards.

Despite these advancements, challenges remain in optimizing fire safety across different environments and developing new strategies to handle emerging threats such as wildfires and industrial fires. With growing global concerns about climate change, urbanization, and industrial hazards, fire science and protection engineering remain at the forefront of research and innovation.

This Special Issue, based on the 11th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE) (http://www.icfsfpe.org/), seeks to capture the latest research, methodologies, and technological developments in these critical fields. We aim to explore both fundamental studies and practical applications, addressing both current challenges and future directions. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Fire safety assessment;
  • Fire mechanism;
  • Smoke prevention and control;
  • Fire extinguishing and rescue;
  • Evacuation of people;
  • Flame retardancy and fire resistance;
  • Intelligent fire protection and detection alarm;
  • New energy fire;
  • Fire prevention and control in confined spaces;
  • Prevention and control of electrical fires;
  • Forest fires;
  • Other related issues in fire science and fire protection engineering.

While this Special Issue will primarily feature research presented at the ICFSFPE, we also encourage submissions from researchers who were unable to attend the conference. We invite all contributions that offer innovative insights, novel solutions, and advancements in fire science and protection engineering.

Prof. Dr. Haowei Yao
Prof. Dr. Lun Ma
Prof. Dr. Shaohua Mao
Dr. Kaihua Lu
Dr. Kaixuan Tang
Dr. Yulun Zhang
Dr. Peng Lei
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fire is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fire retardant materials
  • fire safety assessment
  • fire mechanism and fire dynamics
  • intelligent fire protection and detection
  • smoke transportation and control
  • evacuation and rescue
  • forest fire

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (6 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

18 pages, 4116 KB  
Article
Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Dowelled Timber Connections in Single Shear with the Char Layer Calculation Effect
by João Campos Aguiar and Elza M. M. Fonseca
Fire 2025, 8(9), 365; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire8090365 - 16 Sep 2025
Viewed by 214
Abstract
The main goal of this work is to analyse the thermo-mechanical effect in single shear dowelled timber connections under fire conditions. This research includes the development of numerical models using the finite element method. The numerical methodology was validated using previously published experimental [...] Read more.
The main goal of this work is to analyse the thermo-mechanical effect in single shear dowelled timber connections under fire conditions. This research includes the development of numerical models using the finite element method. The numerical methodology was validated using previously published experimental and numerical data. New models were developed to evaluate the temperature evolution, charring rate, and load-bearing capacity of the connections throughout exposure to fire. The calculations based on Eurocode 5 are conservative in the dimensioning of connections at room temperature but have less impact on the design of fire resistance, as they do not consider factors such as geometric parameters or passive protection influence on structural performance. Finally, based on the results obtained, two useful design equations are proposed, allowing the calculation of the load-bearing capacity of single shear timber connections, with or without protection, as a function of fire exposure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 2212 KB  
Article
Entity Recognition Method for Fire Safety Standards Based on FT-FLAT
by Zhihao Yu, Chao Liu, Shunxiu Yang, Jiwei Tian, Qunming Hu and Weidong Kang
Fire 2025, 8(8), 306; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire8080306 - 4 Aug 2025
Viewed by 681
Abstract
The continuous advancement of fire protection technologies has necessitated the development of comprehensive safety standards, leading to an increasingly diversified and specialized regulatory landscape. This has made it difficult for fire protection professionals to quickly and accurately locate the required fire safety standard [...] Read more.
The continuous advancement of fire protection technologies has necessitated the development of comprehensive safety standards, leading to an increasingly diversified and specialized regulatory landscape. This has made it difficult for fire protection professionals to quickly and accurately locate the required fire safety standard information. In addition, the lack of effective integration and knowledge organization concerning fire safety standard entities has led to the severe fragmentation of fire safety standard information and the absence of a comprehensive “one map”. To address this challenge, we introduce FT-FLAT, an innovative CNN–Transformer fusion architecture designed specifically for fire safety standard entity extraction. Unlike traditional methods that rely on rules or single-modality deep learning, our approach integrates TextCNN for local feature extraction and combines it with the Flat-Lattice Transformer for global dependency modeling. The key innovations include the following. (1) Relative Position Embedding (RPE) dynamically encodes the positional relationships between spans in fire safety texts, addressing the limitations of absolute positional encoding in hierarchical structures. (2) The Multi-Branch Prediction Head (MBPH) aggregates the outputs of TextCNN and the Transformer using Einstein summation, enhancing the feature learning capabilities and improving the robustness for domain-specific terminology. (3) Experiments conducted on the newly annotated Fire Safety Standard Entity Recognition Dataset (FSSERD) demonstrate state-of-the-art performance (94.24% accuracy, 83.20% precision). This work provides a scalable solution for constructing fire safety knowledge graphs and supports intelligent information retrieval in emergency situations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 2348 KB  
Article
Study on Smoke Flow and Temperature Distribution Patterns in Fires at Deeply Buried Subway Stations
by Huailin Yan, Heng Liu, Yongchang Zhao and Zirui Bian
Fire 2025, 8(8), 296; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire8080296 - 28 Jul 2025
Viewed by 589
Abstract
To enhance the fire safety protection level of deeply buried metro stations, this study conducted full-scale fire experiments based on Wulichong Station of Guiyang Metro Line 3. It systematically investigated the laws of smoke movement and temperature distribution under the coupled effects of [...] Read more.
To enhance the fire safety protection level of deeply buried metro stations, this study conducted full-scale fire experiments based on Wulichong Station of Guiyang Metro Line 3. It systematically investigated the laws of smoke movement and temperature distribution under the coupled effects of different fire source powers and smoke extraction system states. Through the set up of multiple sets of comparative test conditions, the study focused on analyzing the influence mechanism of the operation (on/off) of the smoke extraction system on smoke spread characteristics and temperature field distribution. The results indicate that under the condition where the smoke extraction system is turned off, the smoke exhibits typical stratified spread characteristics driven by thermal buoyancy, with the temperature rising significantly as the vertical height increases. When the smoke extraction system is activated, the horizontal airflow generated by mechanical smoke extraction significantly alters the flame morphology (with an inclination angle exceeding 45°), effectively extracting and discharging the hot smoke and leading to a more uniform temperature distribution within the space. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 5599 KB  
Article
Full-Scale Experimental Study on the Combustion Characteristics of a Fuel Island in a High-Speed Railway Station
by Wenbin Wei, Jiaming Zhao, Cheng Zhang, Yanlong Li and Saiya Feng
Fire 2025, 8(8), 291; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire8080291 - 24 Jul 2025
Viewed by 623
Abstract
This study aims to provide a reference for the fire protection design and fire emergency response strategies for fuel islands in high-speed railway stations and other transportation buildings. By using an industrial calorimeter, this paper analyzes the combustion characteristics of a fuel island. [...] Read more.
This study aims to provide a reference for the fire protection design and fire emergency response strategies for fuel islands in high-speed railway stations and other transportation buildings. By using an industrial calorimeter, this paper analyzes the combustion characteristics of a fuel island. For the fuel island setup in this test, the fuel island fire development cycle was relatively long, and the maximum fire source heat release rate reached 4615 kW. Before the fire source heat release rate reaches the maximum peak, the HRR curve slowly fluctuates and grows within the first 260 s after ignition. Within the time range of 260 s to 440 s, the fire growth rate resembled that of a t2 medium-speed fire, and within the time range of 400 s to 619 s, it more closely aligned with a t2 fast fire. It is generally suggested that the growth curve of t2 fast fire could be used for the numerical simulation of fuel island fires. The 1 h fire separation method adopted in this paper demonstrated a good fire barrier effect throughout the combustion process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 4478 KB  
Article
Numerical Study on Smoke Characteristics in Ultra-Long Tunnels with Multi-Train Fire Scenarios
by Jiaming Zhao, Cheng Zhang, Saiya Feng, Shiyi Chen, Guanhong He, Yanlong Li, Zhisheng Xu and Wenbin Wei
Fire 2025, 8(7), 265; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire8070265 - 3 Jul 2025
Viewed by 706
Abstract
Metropolitan city express line tunnels are fully enclosed and often span long distances between stations, allowing multiple trains within a single interval. Traditional segmented ventilation ensures only one train per section, but ultra-long tunnels with shaftless designs introduce new challenges under fire conditions. [...] Read more.
Metropolitan city express line tunnels are fully enclosed and often span long distances between stations, allowing multiple trains within a single interval. Traditional segmented ventilation ensures only one train per section, but ultra-long tunnels with shaftless designs introduce new challenges under fire conditions. This study investigates smoke behavior in an ultra-long inter-district tunnel during multi-train blockage scenarios. A numerical model evaluates the effects of train spacing, fire source location, and receding spacing on smoke back-layering, temperature distribution, and flow velocity. Results indicate that when train spacing exceeds 200 m and longitudinal wind speed is above 1.2 m/s, the impact of train spacing on smoke back-layering becomes negligible. Larger train spacing increases back-layering under constant wind speed, while higher wind speeds reduce it. Fire source location and evacuation spacing affect the extent and pattern of smoke spread and high-temperature zones, especially under reverse ventilation conditions. These findings provide quantitative insights into fire-induced smoke dynamics in ultra-long tunnels, offering theoretical support for optimizing ventilation control and evacuation strategies in urban express systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 2673 KB  
Article
Longitudinal Ceiling Temperature Profile in an Inclined Channel Induced by a Wall-Attached Fire
by Xubo Huang, Yongfeng Zhang, Wei Wang and Zhenxiang Tao
Fire 2025, 8(6), 222; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire8060222 - 31 May 2025
Viewed by 1020
Abstract
Channel fire poses a great threat to personnel safety and structural strength, in which the temperature profile is worthy of attention. In this paper, the longitudinal temperature profile of a ceiling jet induced by a wall-attached fire with different channel slopes was experimentally [...] Read more.
Channel fire poses a great threat to personnel safety and structural strength, in which the temperature profile is worthy of attention. In this paper, the longitudinal temperature profile of a ceiling jet induced by a wall-attached fire with different channel slopes was experimentally investigated using a 1:8 reduced-scale channel. The results show the following: (1) For channel fire with a horizontal ceiling, the influence of the burner aspect ratio and source-ceiling height on the temperature profile is monotonous in the cases considered in this work. With a larger burner aspect ratio and larger source-ceiling distance, more ambient air could be entrained; hence, the longitudinal temperature under the ceiling decays faster. (2) For channel fire with an inclined ceiling, when the burner aspect ratio and source-ceiling distance remain constant, the asymmetric entrainment induced by the flame under larger channel slope leads to more hot smoke being transported upstream. Consequently, the temperature profile is not symmetric, with higher temperatures upstream and lower temperatures downstream. (3) Combining the influence of the burner aspect ratios, source-ceiling distance, and burner aspect ratio, the characteristic length scale was modified. Based on this, a model describing the ceiling temperature profile was proposed and then verified with previous data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-6
Back to TopTop