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Batteries, Volume 11, Issue 6

June 2025 - 32 articles

Cover Story: Particles ejected during the thermal runaway (TR) of lithium-ion batteries can cause danger to other components in the battery system. The associated safety hazards should therefore be addressed in the battery pack development process. To gain a detailed understanding of the TR particle characteristics, several analyses are carried out. For detailed size and shape quantification, dynamic image analysis and large-particle image processing are applied for the first time. TR particles cover a wide size range, from micrometers to centimeters, and are clearly non-spherical. The analysis indicates particle temperatures of ~200–1100 °C at the time of cell ejection. Particles are partially combustible and the reactivity is non-linearly size-dependent. Several implications for battery system development are outlined. View this paper
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Articles (32)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,238 Views
14 Pages

Advanced Algorithm for SOC, Internal Resistance, and SOH Co-Estimation of Lithium-Titanate-Oxide Batteries Using Neural Networks

  • Riccardo Di Dio,
  • Roberto Di Rienzo,
  • Gianluca Aurilio,
  • Davide Cavaliere and
  • Roberto Saletti

Lithium-titanate-oxide batteries can reduce the long charging time of electric vehicles by offering fast charging capabilities. However, high charging currents require an accurate estimation of battery internal state to prevent early aging of the bat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,849 Views
41 Pages

GITT Limitations and EIS Insights into Kinetics of NMC622

  • Intizar Abbas,
  • Huyen Tran Tran,
  • Tran Thi Ngoc Tran,
  • Thuy Linh Pham,
  • Eui-Chol Shin,
  • Chan-Woo Park,
  • Sung-Bong Yu,
  • Oh Jeong Lee,
  • An-Giang Nguyen and
  • Daeho Jeong
  • + 9 authors

Conventional applications of the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (GITT) and EIS for estimating chemical diffusivity in battery electrodes face issues such as insufficient relaxation time to reach equilibrium, excessively long pulse dur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,126 Views
23 Pages

Transforming Grid Systems for Sustainable Energy Futures: The Role of Energy Storage in Offshore Wind and Floating Solar

  • Sajid Hussain Qazi,
  • Marvi Dashi Kalhoro,
  • Dimitar Bozalakov and
  • Lieven Vandevelde

Integrating offshore renewable energy (ORE) into power systems is vital for sustainable energy transitions. This paper examines the challenges and opportunities in integrating ORE, focusing on offshore wind and floating solar, into grid systems. A si...

  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,302 Views
86 Pages

Empowering the Future: Cutting-Edge Developments in Supercapacitor Technology for Enhanced Energy Storage

  • Mohamed Salaheldeen,
  • Thomas Nady A. Eskander,
  • Maher Fathalla,
  • Valentina Zhukova,
  • Juan Mari Blanco,
  • Julian Gonzalez,
  • Arcady Zhukov and
  • Ahmed M. Abu-Dief

The accelerating global demand for sustainable and efficient energy storage has driven substantial interest in supercapacitor technology due to its superior power density, fast charge–discharge capability, and long cycle life. However, the low...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,172 Views
21 Pages

Enhancing Grid Stability in Microgrid Systems with Vehicle-to-Grid Support and EDLC Supercapacitors

  • Adrián Criollo,
  • Dario Benavides,
  • Paul Arévalo,
  • Luis I. Minchala-Avila and
  • Diego Morales-Jadan

Grid stability in microgrids represents a critical challenge, particularly with the increasing integration of variable renewable energy sources and the loss of systematic inertia. This study analyzes the use of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology and su...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
6,775 Views
31 Pages

Objective: The rapid growth of electric vehicle (EV) adoption has led to an unprecedented increase in lithium-ion battery (LIB) demand and end-of-life waste, underscoring the urgent need for effective recycling strategies. This review evaluates curre...

  • Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
6,380 Views
59 Pages

This work analyzes the electric vehicle (EV) sales trends of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and trends in the growth of Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC) charging infrastructure station sc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
988 Views
11 Pages

The increasing demand for safe, cost-effective, and sustainable energy storage solutions has spotlighted aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) as promising alternatives to lithium-ion systems. However, the practical deployment of AZIBs remains hindered...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,785 Views
16 Pages

This work describes the development of an embedded standalone measurement system that monitors the aging of batteries using impedance spectroscopy. The system generates a multisine stimulus that contains the frequency components at which the battery...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,730 Views
26 Pages

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are ideal for fuel cell vehicles due to their high specific power, rapid start-up, and low operating temperatures. However, their limited lifespan presents a challenge for large-scale deployment. Accurate...

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Batteries - ISSN 2313-0105Creative Common CC BY license