Biomolecules, Volume 13, Issue 12

Most current metabolomics studies of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are mainly focused on identifying potential biomarkers for early screening and diagnosis, while few studies have investigated the metabolic profiles promoting metastasis. In thi...

The formation and function of membrane-less organelles (MLOs) is one of the main driving forces in the molecular life of the cell. These processes are based on the separation of biopolymers into phases regulated by multiple specific and nonspecific i...

Hypsizygus marmoreus has become one of the most popular edible mushrooms due to its high nutritional and economic value. Previous researchers found that Serratia odorifera could promote the growth of H. marmoreus by producing and secreting some of it...

In the era of immunotherapy, identifying biomarkers of immune system activation has become a high-priority challenge. The blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been largely investigated as a biomarker in several cancer types. NLR values have...

Chronic neuropathic pain (NP) is an increasingly prevalent disease and leading cause of disability which is challenging to treat. Several distinct classes of drugs are currently used for the treatment of chronic NP, but each drug targets only narrow...

Cells maintain a fine-tuned balance of deoxyribonucleoside 5′-triphosphates (dNTPs), a crucial factor in preserving genomic integrity. Any alterations in the nucleotide pool’s composition or chemical modifications to nucleotides before th...

Protein–nanoparticle hybridization can ideally lead to novel biological entities characterized by emerging properties that can sensibly differ from those of the parent components. Herein, the effect of ionic strength on the biological functions...

ClC-7 is a ubiquitously expressed voltage-gated Cl⁻/H⁺ exchanger that critically contributes to lysosomal ion homeostasis. Together with its β-subunit Ostm1, ClC-7 localizes to lysosomes and to the ruffled border of osteoclasts, where it s...

Breast cancer (BC) remains the most common cancer among women worldwide, and estrogen receptor-α expression is a critical diagnostic factor for BC. Estrogen receptor (ER-α36) is a dominant-negative effector of ER-α66-mediated estrog...

Detecting skeletal or bone-related deformities in model and aquaculture fish is vital for numerous biomedical studies. In biomedical research, model fish with bone-related disorders are potential indicators of various chemically induced toxins in the...

Fibrosis initially appears as a normal response to damage, where activated fibroblasts produce large amounts of the extracellular matrix (ECM) during the wound healing process to assist in the repair of injured tissue. However, the excessive accumula...

Plant peptides are a new frontier in plant biology, owing to their key regulatory roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. Synthetic peptides are promising biological agents that can be used to improve crop growth and protection in a...

Antibiotic resistance due to bacterial biofilm formation is a major global health concern that makes the search for new therapeutic approaches an urgent need. In this context,, trans-resveratrol (RSV), a polyphenolic natural substance, seems to be a...

Tuberculosis and drug-resistant TB remain serious threats to global public health. It is urgent to develop novel anti-TB drugs in order to control it. In addition to redesigning and developing new anti-TB drugs, drug repurposing is also an innovative...

Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a severe pregnancy disorder that poses a significant health risk to both mother and fetus, with no preventive or therapeutic measures. Our previous research suggested an association between elevated SERPINA5 levels and PE featur...

Glucose and lipid metabolism regulation by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) has been extensively reported. However, the role of their polymorphisms remains unclear. Objective: To determine the relation between PPAR-γ2 rs1...

Variants in the GABRB gene, which encodes the β subunit of the GABA_A receptor, have been implicated in various epileptic encephalopathies and related neurodevelopmental disorders such as Dravet syndrome and Angelman syndrome. These conditions ar...

Mitochondria play a key role in cellular functions, including energy production and oxidative stress regulation. For this reason, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and proteostasis (homeostasis of the proteome) is essential for cellular health. T...

Human neurodegenerative diseases associated with the misfolding of the alpha-synuclein (aS) protein (synucleinopathies) are similar to prion diseases to the extent that lesions are spread by similar molecular mechanisms. In a transgenic mouse model (...

Professional divers exposed to pressures greater than 11 ATA (1.1 MPa) may suffer from high-pressure neurological syndrome (HPNS). Divers who use closed-circuit breathing apparatus and patients and medical attendants undergoing hyperbaric oxygen ther...

The advancement of stem cell therapy has offered transformative therapeutic outcomes for a wide array of diseases over the past decades. Consequently, stem cell tracking has become significant in revealing the mechanisms of action and ensuring safe a...

Green-synthesized gold nanoparticles demonstrate several therapeutic benefits due to their safety, non-toxicity, accessibility, and ecological acceptance. In our study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were created using an extracellular extract from the f...

Cell therapy represents a promising approach to the treatment of neurological diseases, offering potential benefits not only by cell replacement but also through paracrine secretory activities. However, this approach includes a number of limiting fac...

The role of altered brain mitochondrial regulation in psychiatric pathologies, including Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), has attracted increasing attention. Aberrant mitochondrial functions were suggested to underlie distinct inter-individual vulner...

Cordyline species have a long history in traditional medicine as a basis of treatment for various ailments such as a bloody cough, dysentery, and a high fever. There are about 26 accepted species names in this genus distributed worldwide, including C...

The authors would like to replace Figure 2 of the following published paper [...]

Sarcopenia is an age-related condition that involves a progressive decline in muscle mass and function, leading to increased risk of falls, frailty, and mortality. Although the exact mechanisms are not fully understood, aging-related processes like i...

DAF-FM DA is widely used as a live staining compound to show the presence of nitric oxide (NO) in cells. Applying this stain to live zebrafish embryos is known to indicate early centers of bone formation, but the precise (cellular) location of the si...

Myostatin (growth differentiation factor 8) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. It is secreted mostly by skeletal muscles, although small amounts of myostatin are produced by the myocardium and the adipose tissue as well...

In this study, we aimed to reveal the pro-inflammatory effects of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (Vit D) deficiency and insufficiency in new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes. We recruited 84 prediabetes patients, 94 new-onset T2DM pa...

Currently, there is great interest in the development of highly sensitive bioanalytical systems for diagnosing diseases at an early stage, when pathological biomarkers are present in biological fluids at low concentrations and there are no clinical m...

In light of recent climate change, with its rising temperatures and precipitation changes, we are facing the need to increase the valuable crop’s tolerance against unfavorable environmental conditions. Emmer wheat is a cereal crop with high nut...

The universally conserved protein YidC aids in the insertion and folding of transmembrane polypeptides. Supposedly, a charged arginine faces its hydrophobic lipid core, facilitating polypeptide sliding along YidC’s surface. How the membrane bar...

In this study, a previously little-studied group of viruses—virophages—was searched for and identified in the viromes of the ancient oligotrophic Lake Baikal. Virophages are small dsDNA viruses that parasitize giant viruses (e.g., Mimivir...

The pathogenesis of various diseases often involves an intricate interplay between membrane proteins and membrane curvature. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of this interaction could offer novel perspectives on disease treatment. In this revi...

Cereals are the most broadly produced crops and represent the primary source of food worldwide. Nitrogen (N) is a critical mineral nutrient for plant growth and high yield, and the quality of cereal crops greatly depends on a suitable N supply. In th...

A study evaluated nine kinetic data and four kinetic parameters related to growth, production of various phytase activities (PE_act), and released phosphate ion concentration ([Pi]) from five lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains cultivated in three type...

Gout is characterized by the formation of monosodium urate crystals in peripheral joints. We carried out laboratory studies to investigate the effect of adding nine different methylxanthines and two different methylated uric acid derivatives on the d...

Recent years have seen an increased interest in the role of oxidative stress (OS) in pregnancy. Pregnancy inherently heightens susceptibility to OS, a condition fueled by a systemic inflammatory response that culminates in an elevated presence of rea...

Fibrotic cataracts, posterior capsular opacification (PCO), and anterior subcapsular cataracts (ASC) are mainly attributed to the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cell...

Since its discovery in the early 1980s, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has emerged as a pivotal and multifaceted player in elucidating the intricate mechanisms underlying various human diseases and their associations with cell survival,...

Biostimulants (BSs) are natural materials (i.e., organic or inorganic compounds, and/or microorganisms) having beneficial effects on plant growth and productivity, and able to improve resilience/tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, th...

The increasing interest in innovative solutions for addressing bone defects has driven research into the use of Bioactive Mesoporous Glasses (MBGs). These materials, distinguished by their well-ordered mesoporous structure, possess the capability to...

The olfactory neuroepithelium (OE) is one of the few neuronal tissues where environmental pathogens can gain direct access. Despite this vulnerable arrangement, little is known about the protective mechanisms in the OE to prevent viral infection and...

The activity of β-ureidopropionase, which catalyses the last step in the degradation of uracil, thymine, and analogous antimetabolites, is cooperatively regulated by the substrate and product of the reaction. This involves shifts in the equilibr...

The detection of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in its early stages is of great importance for its treatment and management, but consensus is lacking on what information is necessary and what models should be used to best predict PD risk. In our stud...

OA is a common and debilitating condition that restricts mobility and diminishes the quality of life. Recent work indicates that the generation of adenosine at the cell surface is an important mediator of chondrocyte homeostasis, and topical applicat...

Recent advancements in the understanding of how sperm develop into offspring have shown complex interactions between environmental influences and genetic factors. The past decade, marked by a research surge, has not only highlighted the profound impa...

(1) Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a potentially toxic element with a long half-life in the human body (20–40 years). Cytotoxicity mechanisms of Cd include increased levels of oxidative stress and apoptotic signaling, and recent studies have sugge...

Glycine receptors (GlyRs) are glycine-gated inhibitory pentameric ligand-gated ion channels composed of α or α + β subunits. A number of structures of these proteins have been reported, but to date, these have only revealed details o...