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Biomolecules, Volume 10, Issue 4

April 2020 - 169 articles

Cover Story: Carbonic Anhydrase II (CAII) is a ubiquitously expressed zinc-metalloenzyme highly expressed in red blood cells. This enzyme catalyzes the reversible hydration/dehydration of CO2/ HCO3-, while also having an innate carboxylesterase activity. Aspirin (acetyl-salicylic acid), one of the most commonly used drugs globally, has been shown to have a short half-life in the blood of ~15 minutes. Here, we report that CAII, and specifically its carboxylesterase activity, is responsible for aspirin’s short half-life. Furthermore, the esterase product, salicylic acid, acts as an inhibitor of CAII once formed, blocking the active site. Thus, CAII not only degrades aspirin but, in turn, aspirin also acts as a suicide inhibitor of CAII within red blood cells. View this paper.
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Articles (169)

  • Review
  • Open Access
214 Citations
14,626 Views
15 Pages

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Peptides

  • Angela Di Somma,
  • Antonio Moretta,
  • Carolina Canè,
  • Arianna Cirillo and
  • Angela Duilio

23 April 2020

The increasing onset of multidrug-resistant bacteria has propelled microbiology research towards antimicrobial peptides as new possible antibiotics from natural sources. Antimicrobial peptides are short peptides endowed with a broad range of activity...

  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
5,806 Views
15 Pages

23 April 2020

Down syndrome (trisomy of human chromosome 21) is a common genetic disorder. Overproduction of the gaseous mediator hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological and metabolic deficits associated with Down syndrome. S...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,878 Views
17 Pages

Fluorescence Methods Applied to the Description of Urea-Dependent YME1L Protease Unfolding

  • Sydney Moore,
  • Alyssa Pickens,
  • Jessica L. Rodriguez,
  • Justin D. Marsee and
  • Justin M. Miller

23 April 2020

ATP-dependent proteases are ubiquitous across all kingdoms of life and are critical to the maintenance of intracellular protein quality control. The enzymatic function of these enzymes requires structural stability under conditions that may drive ins...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,179 Views
16 Pages

Recombinant Lectin from Tepary Bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) with Specific Recognition for Cancer-Associated Glycans: Production, Structural Characterization, and Target Identification

  • Dania Martínez-Alarcón,
  • Annabelle Varrot,
  • Elaine Fitches,
  • John A. Gatehouse,
  • Min Cao,
  • Prashant Pyati,
  • Alejandro Blanco-Labra and
  • Teresa Garcia-Gasca

23 April 2020

Herein, we report the production of a recombinant Tepary bean lectin (rTBL-1), its three-dimensional (3D) structure, and its differential recognition for cancer-type glycoconjugates. rTBL-1 was expressed in Pichia pastoris, yielding 316 mg per liter...

  • Review
  • Open Access
96 Citations
14,900 Views
32 Pages

Diseases Caused by Mutations in Mitochondrial Carrier Genes SLC25: A Review

  • Ferdinando Palmieri,
  • Pasquale Scarcia and
  • Magnus Monné

23 April 2020

In the 1980s, after the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) had been sequenced, several diseases resulting from mtDNA mutations emerged. Later, numerous disorders caused by mutations in the nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins were found. A group of t...

  • Review
  • Open Access
48 Citations
11,073 Views
31 Pages

22 April 2020

Spermatogenesis is a continuous and dynamic developmental process, in which a single diploid spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) proliferates and differentiates to form a mature spermatozoon. Herein, we summarize the accumulated knowledge of SSCs and thei...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
27 Citations
5,373 Views
20 Pages

High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Age-Related Ocular Diseases

  • Bjorn Kaijun Betzler,
  • Tyler Hyungtaek Rim,
  • Charumathi Sabanayagam,
  • Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung and
  • Ching-Yu Cheng

22 April 2020

There is limited understanding of the specific role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the development of various age-related ocular diseases, despite it being a common measurable biomarker in lipid profiles. This literature review su...

  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
4,593 Views
22 Pages

3D Chitin Scaffolds from the Marine Demosponge Aplysina archeri as a Support for Laccase Immobilization and Its Use in the Removal of Pharmaceuticals

  • Jakub Zdarta,
  • Tomasz Machałowski,
  • Oliwia Degórska,
  • Karolina Bachosz,
  • Andriy Fursov,
  • Hermann Ehrlich,
  • Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko and
  • Teofil Jesionowski

22 April 2020

For the first time, 3D chitin scaffolds from the marine demosponge Aplysina archeri were used for adsorption and immobilization of laccase from Trametes versicolor. The resulting chitin–enzyme biocatalytic systems were applied in the removal of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,077 Views
16 Pages

Src/NF-κB-Targeted Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Potentilla glabra var. Mandshurica (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz. Ethanol Extract

  • Haeyeop Kim,
  • Kon Kuk Shin,
  • Han Gyung Kim,
  • Minkyeong Jo,
  • Jin Kyeong Kim,
  • Jong Sub Lee,
  • Eui Su Choung,
  • Wan Yi Li,
  • Sang Woo Lee and
  • Kyung-Hee Kim
  • + 2 authors

22 April 2020

Inflammation is a complex protective response of body tissues to harmful stimuli. Acute inflammation can progress to chronic inflammation, which can lead to severe disease. Therefore, this research focuses on the development of anti-inflammatory drug...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,994 Views
22 Pages

The Cytosolic Phospholipase A2α N-Terminal C2 Domain Binds and Oligomerizes on Membranes with Positive Curvature

  • Katherine E. Ward,
  • Ranjan Sengupta,
  • James P. Ropa,
  • Souad Amiar and
  • Robert V. Stahelin

22 April 2020

Group IV phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) regulates the production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes via the formation of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids. The targeting and membrane binding of cPLA2α to the Golgi involves th...

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Biomolecules - ISSN 2218-273X