Vaccines, Volume 12, Issue 3

This study aimed to understand Poles’ attitudes and beliefs towards influenza vaccinations in the flu season of 2022–2023, especially among individuals at risk of flu complications. The cross-sectional survey-based study was carried out o...

Natural 4-1BBL (CD137L) is a cell membrane-bound protein critical to the expansion, effector function, and survival of CD8⁺ T cells. We reported the generation of an active soluble oligomeric construct, SA-4-1BBL, with demonstrated immunoprevention a...

The COVID-19 outbreak was a global pandemic with wide-ranging healthcare implications. Although several mRNA-based vaccines delivered using lipid nanoparticles (LNP) have been approved and demonstrated efficacy at reducing the severity and spread of...

More than eight decades have passed since the development of the first vaccine in the 1940s [...]

To ensure that limited domestic resources are invested in the most effective interventions, immunization programs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) must prioritize a growing number of new vaccines while considering opportunities to optimize...

Background: This cross-sectional survey investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and coverage of recommended vaccinations among a random sample of patients with chronic medical conditions, at higher risk of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs), in Italy...

Background: Despite the efforts of the World Health Organization, some childhood viral diseases, for which there is already an effective vaccine, have not yet been eradicated. Among these, we find varicella, mumps, measles, and rubella, which althoug...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health crisis [...]

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) poses lifelong risks, causing varicella and herpes zoster (HZ, shingles). Currently, varicella and HZ vaccines are predominantly live attenuated vaccines or adjuvanted subunit vaccines utilizing VZV glycoprotein E (gE). H...

Vaccine hesitancy has been included among the top ten threats to global health by the World Health Organization. Pharmacists can play a pivotal role in removing the individual barrier to vaccination, because of the relationship of trust they have wit...

An mpox outbreak occurred suddenly and rapidly spread worldwide in 2022. Research has demonstrated a link between the sexual behavior of men who have sex with men (MSM) and the contraction of mpox. This study assessed the factors related to mpox-vacc...

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large class of positively stranded RNA viruses that pose a significant threat to public health, livestock farming, and wild animals. These viruses have the ability to cross species barriers and cause devastating epidemics....

(1) Background: Some individuals are more susceptible to developing respiratory tract infections (RTIs) or coronavirus disease (COVID-19) than others. The aim of this work was to identify risk factors for symptomatic RTIs including COVID-19 and sympt...

(1) Background: Measles remains a major cause of disease and death worldwide, especially in the World Health Organization African Region. This study aimed to estimate the coverage of measles vaccinations and map the spatial distribution of measles va...

Purpose: To determine the impact of booster COVID-19 vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 symptoms. Background: The Omicron surge of infections provided an opportunity to evaluate symptoms in relation to booster receipt. Methods: At a US medical college, the nu...

Few data are available on antibody response for some SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and there is a lack of ability to compare vaccine responses in the same population. This cross-sectional study conducted in Nicaragua examines the SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses...

Quality control testing of vaccines, including potency assessment, is critical to ensure equivalence of clinical lots. We developed a potency assay to support the clinical advancement of Nous-209, a cancer vaccine based on heterologous prime/boost ad...

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the main causative agent of porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD) that profoundly impacts the swine industry worldwide. While most of the commercial PCV vaccines are developed based on PCV genotype 2a (PCV2...

African American men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately impacted by HIV and may benefit from the development of an HIV vaccine. African American MSM are adversely affected by discrimination as a function of both their race and sexual...

This study explored the optimum immunization schedule for the quadrivalent influenza split-virion vaccine containing influenza A strains (H1N1 and H3N2) and B lineage strains (Yamagata and Victoria) in children aged 3–8 years. The 652 participa...

The Marburg virus (MARV), the virus responsible for Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF), is considered a top-priority pathogen for vaccine development. Recent outbreaks in Equatorial Africa have highlighted the urgency of MARV because of its high fatalit...

Currently, vaccine development against different respiratory diseases is at its peak. It is of utmost importance to find suitajble adjuvants that can increase the potency of the vaccine candidates. This study aimed to determine the systemic and splen...

Pertussis is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in infancy. It is recommended that close contacts of the baby be vaccinated with Tdap, and this practice is called the cocoon strategy. This study aimed to investigate the applicability of th...

SARS-CoV-2 virus, the causative agent of COVID-19, has produced the largest pandemic in the 21st century, becoming a very serious health problem worldwide. To prevent COVID-19 disease and infection, a large number of vaccines have been developed and...

Vaccine hesitancy poses a significant threat to the health of individuals across all age groups, which has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this cross-sectional study, an extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was applied to i...

Dengue virus (DENV) infection continues to be a public health challenge, lacking a specific cure. Vaccination remains the primary strategy against dengue; however, existing live-attenuated vaccines display variable efficacy across four serotypes, inf...

Background: COVID-19 vaccination is the most significant step toward the long-term mitigation of SARS-CoV-2-related complication, avoiding disease and death and decreasing virus spread. This study aimed to evaluate, in a real-world setting, booster d...

Somalia is a complex and fragile setting with a demonstrated potential for disruptive, high-burden measles outbreaks. In response, since 2018, Somalian authorities have partnered with UNICEF and the WHO to implement measles vaccination campaigns acro...

Burkholderia are a group of Gram-negative bacteria that can cause a variety of diseases in at-risk populations. B. pseudomallei and B. mallei, the etiological agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively, are the two clinically relevant members o...

This study assessed IgG levels to influenza/pertussis and neutralizing antibody (Nab) responses of COVID-19 vaccines in blood of pregnant women following immunization with pertussis (Tdap), influenza, and COVID-19 vaccines. We prospectively collected...

Although immunization is one of the most successful and cost-effective interventions that prevents millions of infant and child deaths yearly, it has failed to achieve its intended goals in some low-income countries. Yemen is currently experiencing t...

Immunization with various Leishmania species lacking centrin induces robust immunity against a homologous and heterologous virulent challenge, making centrin mutants a putative candidate for a leishmaniasis vaccine. Centrin is a calcium-binding cytos...

Bovine babesiosis, caused by the protozoan Babesia bigemina, is one of the most important hemoparasite diseases of cattle in Mexico and the world. An attenuated B. bigemina strain maintained under in vitro culture conditions has been used as a live a...

Background: Hemodialysis patients have reduced serologic immunity after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination compared to the general population and an increased risk of morbidity and mortality when exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Sixty-six hemodialysis patients im...

African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious disease of wild boar and domestic pigs notifiable to the World Organisation for Animal Health due to its high socio-economic impact. ASF is caused by the complex ASF virus (ASFV), and it can present different...

Background: Parsonage–Turner syndrome (PTS) is an inflammatory condition of the brachial plexus, with more than half of patients presenting a trigger, such as infection or vaccination. Our objective was to synthesize the clinical and paraclinic...

The current influenza season started in Italy in October 2023, approaching the epidemic peak in late December (52nd week of the year). We aimed to explore the mid-term virologic surveillance data of the 2023/2024 influenza season (from 16 October 202...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes severe diarrhea in piglets. The current primary approach for ETEC prevention and control relies on antibiotics, as few effective vaccines are available. Consequently, an urgent clinical demand exists for...

Immunization against influenza through vaccination is the most effective method with which to prevent infection. To assess protection after immunization, analysing humoral response with a hemagglutinin inhibition assay is the gold standard, but cell-...

The use of effective vaccines is among the most important strategies for the prevention and progressive control of transboundary infectious animal diseases. However, the use of vaccine is often impeded by the cost, a lack of cold chains and other fac...

The immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) becomes increasingly complex as individuals receive different combinations of vaccine doses and encounter breakthrough infections. Our study focused on the immunogeni...

Vaccines are one of the most effective means of preventing influenza A, typically containing the hemagglutinin (HA) of the influenza A virus. However, antigenic drift and shift of the influenza A virus can lead to instability in vaccine efficacy. Com...

Aside from the general population, the COVID-19 pandemic has also affected a group of patients in palliative oncology care. In this study, long-term immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination were monitored in a cohort of patients in palli...

The development of HIV prophylactic vaccines is facing an impasse, since all phase IIb/III clinical trials were halted in 2023 without demonstrating efficacy. Thus, the field is in need of developing novel immunogens and vaccination strategies that i...

Influenza is a significant public health concern, with Italy being profoundly impacted annually. Despite extensive vaccination campaigns and cooperative initiatives between the Public Health Departments of Local Healthcare Authorities and family phys...

Immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive therapy is needed in people with a chronic neuroinflammatory disease of the central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, MS requires monitoring for and preventing against infectious disease...

In countries endemic for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), routine or emergency vaccinations are strategic tools to control the infection. According to the WOAH/FAO guidelines, a prior estimation of vaccine effectiveness is recommendable to optimize cont...

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) poses a significant human health threat, particularly to infants and the elderly. While efficacious vaccines based on the F protein have recently received market authorization, uncertainties remain regarding th...

Rabies, a viral disease spread by infected animal bites that causes encephalitis in humans and other mammals, is a neglected infectious disease present on all continents except Antarctica. Spain has been free of terrestrial rabies since 1978. However...

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1/2 trial aimed at evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of Ad5-nCoV via aerosolized or intramuscular or intramuscular–aerosolized routes in SARS-CoV-2-negative adults aged over 18 year...