Multiepitope Vaccines against Neglected, Emerging, and Re-emerging Global Diseases

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 2275

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
2. Institute for Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Interests: protein engineering; protein biochemistry; computational modeling; neglected tropical diseases; host–pathogen interactions; protein expression and purification; structural biology; nanobodies; therapeutics discovery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neglected Global Diseases are infectious diseases and other conditions that cause physical and cognitive impairments, including maternal, infant and child health conditions; neglected tropical diseases; as well as malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS. As climate change pushes the natural selection of pathogens and their vectors and natural reservoirs, the risk of these neglected diseases emerging within a larger global population poses an even greater threat. Vaccination is still viewed as the most effective method of preventing these infectious diseases by inducing protective immunity. Reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics approaches have improved vaccine development and enabled the rapid identification of putative vaccine antigens by screening genomes and/or proteomes; in turn, they have led to the generation of multiepitope vaccines with superior effectiveness. This vaccine platform comprises short immunogenic determinants rather than an entire protein to elicit cellular and humoral immune responses, inducing long-term protection. Such a platform is extremely advantageous due to its safety, rapid production (unlike the traditional vaccines), and low cost; moreover, it has already been utilized in numerous vaccine design studies, generating promising results for several target pathogens, such as dengue virus, Trypanosoma cruzi, Ebola virus, Schistosoma, and SARS cov-2 virus, among several others. 

This Special Issue invites articles and reviews involving multiepitope vaccine design against neglected, emerging, and re-emerging global diseases, as well as methodologies, novel evaluation, and prediction tools for vaccine design improvement. This issue also welcomes works involving the recombinant production and in vitro and/or in vivo validation of these chimeric vaccines.

Dr. Cerrone Cabanos
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • immunoinformatics
  • structure-based
  • reverse vaccinology
  • multiepitope
  • mRNA
  • vaccines
  • glycosylation
  • disulfide-engineering
  • recombinant production
  • modeling
  • pathogens
  • neglected global diseases
  • molecular dynamics
  • immune simulation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 2869 KiB  
Article
Unveiling a Shield of Hope: A Novel Multiepitope-Based Immunogen for Cross-Serotype Cellular Defense against Dengue Virus
by Nilanshu Manocha, Daphné Laubreton, Xavier Robert, Jacqueline Marvel, Virginie Gueguen-Chaignon, Patrice Gouet, Prashant Kumar and Madhu Khanna
Vaccines 2024, 12(3), 316; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12030316 - 16 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1827
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection continues to be a public health challenge, lacking a specific cure. Vaccination remains the primary strategy against dengue; however, existing live-attenuated vaccines display variable efficacy across four serotypes, influenced by host serostatus and age, and predominantly inducing humoral responses. [...] Read more.
Dengue virus (DENV) infection continues to be a public health challenge, lacking a specific cure. Vaccination remains the primary strategy against dengue; however, existing live-attenuated vaccines display variable efficacy across four serotypes, influenced by host serostatus and age, and predominantly inducing humoral responses. To address this limitation, this study investigates a multiepitope-based immunogen designed to induce robust cellular immunity across all DENV serotypes. The chimeric immunogen integrates H-2d specific MHC-I binding T-cell epitopes derived from conserved domains within the DENV envelope protein. Immuno-informatics analyses supported its stability, non-allergenic nature, and strong MHC-I binding affinity as an antigen. To assess the immunogenicity of the multiepitope, it was expressed in murine bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) that were used to prime mice. In this experimental model, simultaneous exposure to T-cell epitopes from all four DENV serotypes initiated distinct IFNγ-CD8 T-cell responses for different serotypes. These results supported the potential of the multiepitope construct as a vaccine candidate. While the optimization of the immunogen design remains a continuous pursuit, this proof-of-concept study provides a starting point for evaluating its protective efficacy against dengue infection in vivo. Moreover, our results support the development of a multiepitope vaccine that could trigger a pan-serotype anti-dengue CD8 response. Full article
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