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Pathogens, Volume 14, Issue 7 (July 2025) – 2 articles

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6 pages, 1660 KiB  
Case Report
Three Autochthonous Cases of Amoebic Liver Abscess Clustered in a Small Village of Tuscany (Central Italy), a Non-Endemic Area
by Giuseppantonio Maisetta, Sara Moneta, Benedetta Tuvo, Cesira Giordano, Paola Alessandra Petrocelli, Giovanni Tincani, Daniela Campani, Davide Ghinolfi, Marco Falcone, Fabrizio Bruschi and Antonella Lupetti
Pathogens 2025, 14(7), 609; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14070609 (registering DOI) - 20 Jun 2025
Abstract
Amebiasis is a rare condition in industrialised countries but is epidemiologically growing. Clinical manifestations may range from asymptomatic to invasive disease. An amebic abscess can be the result of extraintestinal amebiasis, and it is associated with relatively high morbidity and mortality. We present [...] Read more.
Amebiasis is a rare condition in industrialised countries but is epidemiologically growing. Clinical manifestations may range from asymptomatic to invasive disease. An amebic abscess can be the result of extraintestinal amebiasis, and it is associated with relatively high morbidity and mortality. We present three indigenous cases of amoebic liver abscesses observed within a few weeks (October–November 2023) in patients living in a small area near Lucca in Tuscany, Central Italy. Fever accompanied by abdominal pain and liver abscess was observed in all three patients, and one of them presented necrotising colitis and pleural effusion, too. The parasitological diagnosis was performed by microscopy and confirmed with real-time PCR in liver abscess drainage fluid and stools. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Parasitic Pathogens)
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22 pages, 2702 KiB  
Article
Avian Influenza Virus: Comparative Evolution as the Key for Predicting Host Tropism Expansion
by Matteo Mellace, Carlotta Ceniti, Marielda Cataldi, Luca Borrelli and Bruno Tilocca
Pathogens 2025, 14(7), 608; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14070608 (registering DOI) - 20 Jun 2025
Abstract
The avian influenza virus poses an emerging public health risk due to its ability to cross the species barrier and infect a broad spectrum of hosts, including humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics underlying [...] Read more.
The avian influenza virus poses an emerging public health risk due to its ability to cross the species barrier and infect a broad spectrum of hosts, including humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics underlying the spillover, using a bioinformatics approach to viral sequences. Eight viral proteins involved in the process of adaptation to new hosts were selected, and 156 amino acid mutations potentially associated with interspecies transmission were analyzed. The sequences, obtained from the NCBI Virus database, were aligned with the BLASTP1.4.0 tool and compared through phylogenetic analysis. The results show significant evolutionary proximity between human and animal viral strains, and the identification of shared mutations suggests the presence of conserved mechanisms in spillover. The identification of hosts that share mutations with human strains highlights the potential role of these animals as reservoirs or vectors. This study contributes to the understanding of viral adaptation and provides a starting point for targeted preventive strategies, including molecular surveillance and the development of containment and prevention measures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Viral Pathogens)
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