Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection Among Humans and Animals: Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Treatment and Prevention—2nd Edition

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1278

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Guest Editor
Department of Infectious Diseases, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria
Interests: аntibiotic use among children and adults; vector-borne and zoonotic diseases; zoonoses and public health; fever of unknown origin (FUO); medical parasitology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, the topic of zoonotic infections has become increasingly relevant and important. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic infection. The main reservoirs of HEV are wild boars and domestic pigs. In addition, this infection has been found in dogs, cats, horses, cattle, sheep, goats, and other species. In humans, HEV most commonly affects immunocompromised individuals (HIV-positive persons, oncology patients, transplanted persons, etc.). It is also known from the scientific literature that the main transmission mechanisms of HEV are contaminated drinking water (in developing countries) and the consumption of poorly thermally processed pork meat and pork products (in developed countries).

Authors are invited to submit reviews, original articles, short communications, and case reports.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • HEV in humans—serological evidence and molecular analysis among immunocompromised individuals (HIV-positive persons, oncology patients, transplanted persons, etc.);
  • HEV in humans—clinical characteristics, prevention, and treatment among immunocompromised individuals (HIV-positive persons, oncology patients, transplanted persons, etc.);
  • HEV in blood donors—seroprevalence and molecular analysis;
  • HEV in the general population—serological evidence and molecular analysis;
  • HEV in wild boars—seroprevalence and molecular analysis;
  • HEV in domestic pigs and industrial swine—serological evidence and molecular analysis;
  • HEV in dogs, cats, horses, cattle, sheep, goats, and other species—serological evidence and molecular analysis;
  • HEV in food and food products—molecular analysis.

Dr. Jelena Prpić
Dr. Magdalena Baymakova
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • seroprevalence
  • molecular analysis
  • clinical characteristics
  • prevention
  • treatment

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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26 pages, 2715 KiB  
Systematic Review
Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection in the Context of the One Health Approach: A Systematic Review
by Sophie Deli Tene, Abou Abdallah Malick Diouara, Sarbanding Sané and Seynabou Coundoul
Pathogens 2025, 14(7), 704; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14070704 - 16 Jul 2025
Viewed by 397
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a pathogen that has caused various epidemics and sporadic localized cases. It is considered to be a public health problem worldwide. HEV is a small RNA virus with a significant genetic diversity, a broad host range, and a [...] Read more.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a pathogen that has caused various epidemics and sporadic localized cases. It is considered to be a public health problem worldwide. HEV is a small RNA virus with a significant genetic diversity, a broad host range, and a heterogeneous geographical distribution. HEV is mainly transmitted via the faecal–oral route. However, some animals are considered to be natural or potential reservoirs of HEV, thus elucidating the zoonotic route of transmission via the environment through contact with these animals or consumption of their by-products. Other routes of human-to-human transmission are not negligible. The various human–animal–environment entities, taken under one health approach, show the circulation and involvement of the different species (mainly Paslahepevirus balayani and Rocahepevirus ratti) and genotypes in the spreading of HEV infection. Regarding P. balayani, eight genotypes have been described, of which five genotypes (HEV-1 to 4 and HEV-7) are known to infect humans, while six have been reported to infect animals (HEV-3 to HEV-8). Furthermore, the C1 genotype of the rat HEV strain (HEV-C1) is known to be more frequently involved in human infections than the HEV-C2 genotype, which is known to infect mainly ferrets and minks. Contamination can occur during run-off, flooding, and poor sanitation, resulting in all of these genotypes being disseminated in the environment, contaminating both humans and animals. This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO 2025 CRD420251071192. This research highlights the importance of investigating the transmission routes and major circulating HEV genotypes in order to adopt a holistic approach for controlling its emergence and preventing future outbreaks. In addition, this article outlines the knowledge of HEV in Africa, underlining the absence of large-scale studies at the environmental, human, and animal levels, which could improve HEV surveillance on the continent. Full article
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