Sensors, Volume 22, Issue 2

Machine learning (ML) and especially deep learning (DL) with neural networks have demonstrated an amazing success in all sorts of AI problems, from computer vision to game playing, from natural language processing to speech and image recognition. In...

This paper examines the impact of ocean surface swell waves on near-coastal L-band high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data collected using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Soil Moisture Active/Passive (SMAP...

1-repetition maximum (1RM), a representative index for an individual’s weightlifting capacity, provides an organized workout guide, but to measure 1RM needs several repetitive exercises up to one’s limit and has a risk of injury, thus, no...

The COVID-19 outbreak has increased the incidence of tracheal lesions in patients who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation. We measured the pressure exerted by the cuff on the walls of a test bench mimicking the laryngotracheal tract. The test b...

As one of the most direct approaches to perceive the world, optical images can provide plenty of useful information for underwater applications. However, underwater images often present color deviation due to the light attenuation in the water, which...

In this paper, we propose a novel time reversal-based localization method for pipeline leakage. In the proposed method, a so-called TR self-adaptive cancellation is developed to improve the leak localization resolution. First of all, the proposed app...

Oil–water two-phase flows widely exist in industrial production, especially in the petroleum industry. The liquid holdup is significant for understanding reservoir production characteristics and improving oil recovery. This paper focuses on the...

Currently, task-oriented dialogue systems that perform specific tasks based on dialogue are widely used. Moreover, research and development of non-task-oriented dialogue systems are also actively conducted. One of the problems with these systems is t...

Species distribution models (SDMs) that use climate variables to make binary predictions are effective tools for niche prediction in current and future climate scenarios. In this study, a Hutchinson hypervolume is defined with temperature, humidity,...

Cameras are widely used in the detection and tracking of moving targets. Compared to target visual tracking using a single camera, cooperative tracking based on multiple cameras has advantages including wider visual field, higher tracking reliability...

The Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one of the fastest growing Internet of Things (IoT) access protocols. It operates in the license free 868 MHz band and gives everyone the possibility to create their own small sensor networks. The drawbac...

We established a web-based ubiquitous health management (UHM) system, “ECG4UHM”, for processing ECG signals with AI-enabled models to recognize hybrid arrhythmia patterns, including atrial premature atrial complex (APC), atrial fibrillati...

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) is a video-based non-contact heart rate measurement technology. It is a fact that most existing rPPG methods fail to deal with the spatiotemporal features of the video, which is significant for the extraction of the...

Future social networks will rely heavily on sensing data collected from users’ mobile and wearable devices. A crucial component of such sensing will be the full or partial access to user’s location data, in order to enable various locatio...

Accidents are continuously reported for autonomous driving vehicles including those with advanced sensors installed. Some of accidents are usually caused by bad weather, poor lighting conditions and non-line-of-sight obstacles. Cellular Vehicle-to-Ev...

We present a concept for a wafer-level manufactured photoacoustic transducer, suitable to be used in consumer-grade gas sensors. The transducer consists of an anodically bonded two-layer stack of a blank silicon wafer and an 11 µm membrane, whi...

As promising privacy-preserving machine learning technology, federated learning enables multiple clients to train the joint global model via sharing model parameters. However, inefficiency and vulnerability to poisoning attacks significantly reduce f...

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) could be used as an indicator of the freshness of oysters. However, traditional characterization methods for VOCs have some disadvantages, such as having a high instrument cost, cumbersome pretreatment, and being tim...

The target recognition algorithm is one of the core technologies of Zanthoxylum pepper-picking robots. However, most existing detection algorithms cannot effectively detect Zanthoxylum fruit covered by branches, leaves and other fruits in natural sce...

In this work, toward an intelligent radio environment for 5G/6G, design methodologies of active split-ring resonators (SRRs) for more efficient dynamic control of metasurfaces are investigated. The relationship between the excitation of circulating-c...

Motion classification can be performed using biometric signals recorded by electroencephalography (EEG) or electromyography (EMG) with noninvasive surface electrodes for the control of prosthetic arms. However, current single-modal EEG and EMG based...

The performance of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers is significantly affected by interference signals. For this reason, several research groups have proposed methods to mitigate the effect of different kinds of jammers. One effecti...

The digital twins technology delivers a new degree of freedom into system implementation and maintenance practice. Using this approach, a technological system can be efficiently modeled and simulated. Furthermore, such a twin offline system can be ef...

Benefiting from the inherent capacity for detecting longer wavelengths inaccessible to human eyes, infrared photodetectors have found numerous applications in both military and daily life, such as individual combat weapons, automatic driving sensors...

Carbon nanomaterials have gained significant interest over recent years in the field of electrochemistry, and they may be limited in their use due to issues with their difficulty in dispersion. Enzymes are prime components for detecting biological mo...

Unsourced random access (URA) has emerged as a pragmatic framework for next-generation distributed sensor networks. Within URA, concatenated coding structures are often employed to ensure that the central base station can accurately recover the set o...

From a biological point of view, alcohol human attentional impairment occurs before reaching a Blood Alcohol Content (BAC index) of 0.08% (0.05% under the Italian legislation), thus generating a significant impact on driving safety if the drinker sub...

A micro-Coriolis mass flow sensor is a resonating device that measures small mass flows of fluid. A large vibration amplitude is desired as the Coriolis forces due to mass flow and, accordingly, the signal-to-noise ratio, are directly proportional to...

Daily life activities often require humans to perform locomotion in challenging scenarios. In this context, this study aimed at investigating the effects induced by anterior-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) perturbations on walking. Through this...

Some artificial intelligence algorithms have gained much attention in the rotating machinery fault diagnosis due to their robust nonlinear regression properties. In addition, existing deep learning algorithms are usually dependent on single signal fe...

Mato Grosso, Brazil, is the largest soy producer in the country. Asian Soy Rust is a disease that has already caused a lot of damage to Brazilian agribusiness. The plant matures prematurely, hindering the filling of the pod, drastically reducing prod...

Reliable and quantitative assessments of bone quality and fracture healing prompt well-optimised patient healthcare management and earlier surgical intervention prior to complications of nonunion and malunion. This study presents a clinical investiga...

The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is disrupting the entire world; its rapid global spread threatens to affect millions of people. Accurate and timely diagnosis of COVID-19 is essential to control the spread and alleviate risk. Due to the promising...

Antennas in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are characterized by the enhanced capacity of the network, longer range of transmission, better spatial reuse, and lower interference. In this paper, we propose a planar patch antenna for mobile communicati...

Electromyography (EMG) is the resulting electrical signal from muscle activity, commonly used as a proxy for users’ intent in voluntary control of prosthetic devices. EMG signals are recorded with gold standard Ag/AgCl gel electrodes, though th...

A venipuncture is the most common non-invasive medical procedure, and is frequently used with patients; however, a high probability of post-injection complications accompanies intravenous injection. The most common complication is a hematoma, which i...

The Internet of Things (IoT) leverages added valued services by the wide spread of connected smart devices. The Swarm Computing paradigm considers a single abstraction layer that connects all kinds of devices globally, from sensors to super computers...

The key to coping with global warming is reconstructing energy governance from carbon-based to sustainable resources. Offshore energy sources, such as offshore wind turbines, are promising alternatives. However, the abnormal climate is a potential th...

Unmanned aerial vehicles are prone to several cyber-attacks, including Global Positioning System spoofing. Several techniques have been proposed for detecting such attacks. However, the recurrence and frequent Global Positioning System spoofing incid...

As the number of research activities and practical deployments of unmanned vehicles has shown a rapid growth, topics related to their communication with operator and external infrastructure became of high importance. As a result a trend of employing...

To produce flawless glass containers, continuous monitoring of the glass gob is required. It is essential to ensure production of molten glass gobs with the right shape, temperature, viscosity and weight. At present, manual monitoring is common pract...

Tracking technologies offer a way to monitor movement of many individuals over long time periods with minimal disturbances and could become a helpful tool for a variety of uses in animal agriculture, including health monitoring or selection of breedi...

Mobile applications are progressively becoming more sophisticated and complex, increasing their computational requirements. Traditional offloading approaches that use exclusively the Cloud infrastructure are now deemed unsuitable due to the inherent...

In this paper, the authors demonstrate the application of a modified Ru(phen)-based temperature-sensitive paint which was originally developed for the evaluation of unsteady aero-thermodynamic phenomena in high Mach number but short duration experime...

Advanced manufacturing techniques have enabled low-cost, on-chip spectrometers. Little research exists, however, on their performance relative to the state of technology systems. The present study compares the utility of a benchtop FOSS NIRSystems 65...

With the improvement of industrial requirements for the quality of cold rolled strips, flatness has become one of the most important indicators for measuring the quality of cold rolled strips. In this paper, the strip production data of a 1250 mm tan...

COVID-19 has disrupted every field of life and education is not immune to it. Student learning and examinations moved on-line on a few weeks notice, which has created a large workload for academics to grade the assessments and manually detect student...

In this paper, a novel design idea of high-order Kalman filter based on Kronecker product transform is proposed for a class of strong nonlinear stochastic dynamic systems. Firstly, those augmenting systems are modeled with help of the Kronecker produ...

Despite the emergence of unique opportunities for social-industrial growth and development resulting from the use of the Internet of Things (IoT), lack of a well-posed IoT governance will cause serious threats on personal privacy, public safety, indu...

In this paper, we describe the device developed to control the deposition parameters to manage the glancing angle deposition (GLAD) process of metal-oxide thin films for gas-sensing applications. The GLAD technique is based on a set of parameters suc...