Sensors, Volume 21, Issue 7

A moisture sensor based on a composite resonator is used to measure different honey samples, which include imitation honey. The sensor changes its frequency response in accordance with the dielectric permittivity that it detects in the measured sampl...

This paper studies beam allocation and power optimization scheme to decrease the hardware cost and downlink power consumption of a multiuser millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. Our target is to improve energ...

An 18.8–33.9 GHz, 2.26 mW current-reuse (CR) injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) for radar sensor applications is presented in this paper. A fourth-order resonator is designed using a transformer with a distributed inductor for wideband operati...

Development of sensor materials based on metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) for selective gas sensors is challenging for the tasks of air quality monitoring, early fire detection, gas leaks search, breath analysis, etc. An extensive range of sensor mat...

Leptospirosis is an underestimated tropical disease caused by the pathogenic Leptospira species and responsible for several serious health problems. Here, we aimed to develop an ultrasensitive DNA biosensor for the rapid and on-site detection of the...

Diagnostic devices for point-of-care (POC) urine analysis (urinalysis) based on microfluidic technology have been actively developing for several decades as an alternative to laboratory based biochemical assays. Urine proteins (albumin, immunoglobuli...

Automating inspection of critical infrastructure such as sewer systems will help utilities optimize maintenance and replacement schedules. The current inspection process consists of manual reviews of video as an operator controls a sewer inspection v...

This research focuses on the study and qualitative assessment of the relationships between motivators and game mechanics per the ratings of expert gamification consultants. By taking this approach, it is intended that during the design phase of a gam...

Here, we show that the presence of adsorbed water improves the oxygen-sensing properties of Pt/TiO${}_2$ at moderate temperatures. The studied interface is based on porous plasma electrolytic oxidized titanium (PEO-TiO${}_2$) covered with platinum clusters. Th...

A trifunctional flexible sensor was fabricated on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber surface. Synthesized ZnO and ZnO/V₂O₅ composite were coated on ZnO seed layer sputtered PET fiber. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)...

Nonlinear effects in the radio front-end can degrade communication quality and system performance. In this paper we present a new design technique for reconfigurable antennas that minimizes the nonlinear distortion and maximizes power efficiency thro...

One of the biggest challenges of fused deposition modeling (FDM)/fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D-printing is maintaining consistent quality of layer-to-layer adhesion, and on the larger scale, homogeneity of material inside the whole printed obje...

In high-voltage (HV) insulation, electrical trees are an important degradation phenomenon strongly linked to partial discharge (PD) activity. Their initiation and development have attracted the attention of the research community and better understan...

In this paper, we propose a general method to detect outliers from contaminated estimates of various image estimation applications. The method does not require any prior knowledge about the purpose, theory or hardware of the application but simply re...

The ultrasonic phased array as an emerging interactive tool is increasingly used for aerial tactile interaction. However, there is almost no method to achieve remote variable force feedback through the ultrasonic phased array as far as we know. This...

Many applications require galvanic isolation between the circuit where the current is flowing and the measurement device. While for AC, the current transformer is the method of choice, in DC and, especially for low currents, other sensing methods mus...

Concerning the triple-frequency ambiguity resolution, in principle there are three different realizations. The first one is to fix all the ambiguities of the original frequencies together. However, it is also believed that fixing the combined integer...

We present a novel analysis of gas damping in capacitive MEMS transducers that is based on a simple analytical model, assisted by Monte-Carlo simulations performed in Molflow+ to obtain an estimate for the geometry dependent gas diffusion time. This...

A capacitive measurement of the biosignals is a very comfortable and unobtrusive way suitable for long-term and wearable monitoring of health conditions. This type of sensing is very susceptible to noise from the surroundings. One of the main noise s...

The Industrial Internet of Things and Industry 4.0 paradigms are steering the industrial landscape towards better connected entities, superior interoperability and information exchange, which lays the basis for developing more intelligent solutions t...

The major and minor components in granular soil materials determine their properties and behavior. This study explores the transitional behavior within threshold fines fraction of soil mixtures based on the data from the literature and experiments. F...

In the era of Industry 4.0, pervasive adoption of communication technologies based on the Internet of Things represents a very strong requirement in several domains. In the smart grid domain, there is the need to overcome one of the main limitations...

The photoacoustic (PA) effect, also called the optoacoustic effect, was discovered in the 1880s by Alexander Graham Bell and has been utilized for biomedical imaging and sensing applications since the early 1990s [...]

The instant of turn switch (TS) in alpine skiing has been assessed with a variety of sensors and TS concepts. Despite many published methodologies, it is unclear which is best or how comparable they are. This study aimed to facilitate the process of...

Hole-edge crack quantification of bolt joints is critical for monitoring and estimating structural integrity of aircraft. The paper proposes a new triangle eddy current sensor array for the purpose of increasing the level of quantifying hole-edge cra...

This paper presents a multi-user Visible Light Communication (VLC)-based Internet of Things (IoT) system using multi band-Carrierless Amplitude and Phase (m-CAP) modulation for IoT applications. The proposed system uses a digital m-CAP modulator embe...

The direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) technique has been widely used in wireless secure communications. In this technique, the baseband signal is spread over a wider bandwidth using pseudo-random sequences to avoid interference or interception....

The possibilities and implementation of wearable cardiac monitoring beyond atrial fibrillation are increasing continuously. This review focuses on the real-world use and evolution of these devices for other arrhythmias, cardiovascular diseases and so...

In recent years, surface electromyography (sEMG)-based human–computer interaction has been developed to improve the quality of life for people. Gesture recognition based on the instantaneous values of sEMG has the advantages of accurate prediction an...

This case study explored how spatiotemporal data can develop key metrics to evaluate and understand elite soccer referees’ performance during one elite soccer match. The dynamic position of players from both teams, the ball and three elite referees a...

The credibility of sensor data is essential for security monitoring. High-credibility data are the precondition for utilizing data and data analysis, but the existing data credibility evaluation methods rarely consider the spatio-temporal relationshi...

The orientation of a magneto and inertial measurement unit (MIMU) is estimated by means of sensor fusion algorithms (SFAs) thus enabling human motion tracking. However, despite several SFAs implementations proposed over the last decades, there is sti...

In this paper, we explore the performance of the distance-weighting probabilistic data association (DWPDA) approach in conjunction with the loopy sum-product algorithm (LSPA) for tracking multiple objects in clutter. First, we discuss the problem of...

It is well known that evaluation of rebar corrosion is important for the maintenance of reinforced concrete structures, but, it is difficult to simply, quickly and quantitatively evaluate the amount of corrosion of rebars embedded in concrete by conv...

A compensation method for nonlinear vibration of a silicon micro resonant sensor is proposed and evaluated to be effective through simulation and experimental analysis. Firstly, the parameter characterization model of the silicon micro resonant senso...

The primary focus of autonomous driving research is to improve driving accuracy and reliability. While great progress has been made, state-of-the-art algorithms still fail at times and some of these failures are due to the faults in sensors. Such fai...

We report on results from the comparison of two algorithms designed to estimate the attenuation coefficient from ultrasonic B-mode scans obtained from a numerical phantom simulating an ultrasound breast scan. It is well documented that this parameter...

This work presents the design and optimization of an antenna with defected ground structure (DGS) using characteristic mode analysis (CMA) to enhance bandwidth. This DGS is integrated with a rectangular patch with circular meandered rings (RPCMR) in...

Noise and vibration are common issues that may have a negative impact on human’s’ health. To minimize their consequences, several vibroacoustical methods may be employed. One well-known method is Piezoelectric Shunt Damping (PSD). Over the years, man...

Environmental factors, such as air pollution, can affect the composition of exhaled breath, and should be well understood before biomarkers in exhaled breath can be used in clinical practice. Our objective was to investigate whether short-term exposu...

Laboratory simulation is the only feasible way to achieve Martian environmental conditions on Earth, establishing a key link between the laboratory and Mars exploration. The mineral phases of some Martian surface materials (especially hydrated minera...

Due to the aging population, home care for the elderly has become very important. Currently, there are many studies focusing on the deployment of various sensors in the house to recognize the home activities of the elderly, especially for the elderly...

Aiming at high network energy consumption and data delay induced by mobile sink in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), this paper proposes a cluster-based energy optimization algorithm called Cluster-Based Energy Optimization with Mobile Sink (CEOMS). C...

In this paper, various locations of an Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag on automotive license plates have been considered based on the radiation pattern of the tag antenna. A small, 130 × 50 mm, passive loop antenn...

In the linear and planar motors, the 1D Halbach magnet array is extensively used. The sinusoidal property of the magnetic field deteriorates by analyzing the magnetic field at a small air gap. Therefore, a new 1D Halbach magnet array is proposed, in...

Bearing is one of the most important parts of rotating machinery with high failure rate, and its working state directly affects the performance of the entire equipment. Hence, it is of great significance to diagnose bearing faults, which can contribu...

Tethered deep-sea robots and instrument platforms, such as Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) and vertical-profiling or towed instrument arrays, commonly rely on fiber optics for real-time data transmission. Fiber optic tethers used for these applicat...

Correct position and orientation of a directional deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode in the patient’s brain must be known to fully exploit its benefit in guiding stimulation programming. Magnetoelectric (ME) sensors can play a critical role here....

A high precision optical tracking system (OTS) based on near infrared (NIR) trinocular stereo vision (TSV) is presented in this paper. Compared with the traditional OTS on the basis of binocular stereo vision (BSV), hardware and software are improved...

This work presents a new approach of surface measurement of human face via the combination of the projection of monochromatic structured light, the optical filtering technique, the polarization technique and the Fourier-transform-based image-processi...