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Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021

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A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "State-of-the-Art Sensors Technologies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 38016

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Victor Sysoev

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Guest Editor

Department of Physics, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 410054 Saratov, Russia
Interests: chemiresistor; multisensor array; gas sensor; electronic nose; oxide nanostructures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Tamara Basova

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Guest Editor

Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Cmemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
Interests: optical sensors; chemiresistive sensors; amperometric sensors; gas detection; phthalocyanine thin films
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Petr Nikitin

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Guest Editor

Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
Interests: biosensors; optical sensors; magnetic immunoassay; surface plasmon resonance sensors; nanoparticle-based sensors; logic-gating biosensors; biocomputing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive view on the state-of-the-art of sensor science and technology in Russia.

Based on long-term traditions of fundamental science in Russia, we would like to provide a comprehensive insight into the state-of-the-art of research activities in the country regarding novel sensor developments and their applications. All kinds of arcticles are welcome, including contributions about original investigations as well as reviews in the field. The covered topics of interest include but are not limited to the following:

Chemical sensors;
Physical sensors;
Biosensors;
Optical sensors;
Intelligent sensors;
Multisensor arrays;
Sensor materials;
Internet of Things;
Remote sensors, control, and telemetry;
Application of sensors in automatization systems.

Prof. Victor Sysoev
Prof. Tamara Basova
Dr. Petr Nikitin

Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Gas sensor
Chemical sensor
Biosensor
Optical sensor
Physical transducer
Multisensor array
Material science
Sensor application
Sensing mechanism

Published Papers (12 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2653 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Toward a Selective Analysis of Heavy Metal Salts in Aqueous Media with a Fluorescent Probe Array

by Andrey G. Melnikov, Denis A. Bykov, Alexey S. Varezhnikov, Victor V. Sysoev and Gennady V. Melnikov

Sensors 2022, 22(4), 1465; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22041465 - 14 Feb 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1780

Abstract

Detection of heavy meals in aqueous media challenges worldwide research in developing particularly fast and affordable methods. Fluorescent sensors look to be an appropriate instrument for such a task, as recently they have been found to have made large progress in the detection of chemical analytes, primarily in the environment, along with biological fluids, which still suffer from not enough selectivity. In this work, we propose a new fluorescent method to selectively recognize heavy metals in an aqueous solution via employing an array of several fluorescent probes: acridine yellow, eosin, and methylene blue, which were taken as examples, being sensitive to a microsurrounding of the probe molecules. The exemplary sensor array generated six channels of spectral information through the use of various combinations of excitation and detection wavelengths. Following the known multisensor approach, we applied a linear discriminant analysis to selectively distinguish the vector signals from the sensor array from salts of heavy metals—Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cz—at the concentration ranges of 2.41 × 10⁻⁶–1.07 × 10⁻⁵ M, 2.8 × 10⁻⁵–5.87 × 10⁻⁴ M, 1.46 × 10⁻⁶–6.46 × 10⁻⁶ M, 1.17 × 10⁻⁸–5.2 × 10⁻⁸ M, and 2.11 × 10⁻⁶–9.33 × 10⁻⁶ M, respectively. The suggested approach was found to be promising due to it employing only one cuvette containing the test solution, simplifying a sample preparation when compared to preparing a variety of solutions in tests with single fluorescence probes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021)

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17 pages, 4374 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Soft Sensor for Measuring the Wear of an Induction Motor Bearing by the Park’s Vector Components of Current and Voltage

by Natalia Koteleva, Nikolay Korolev, Yuriy Zhukovskiy and Georgii Baranov

Sensors 2021, 21(23), 7900; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21237900 - 26 Nov 2021

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2142

Abstract

This paper presents a methodology for creating a soft sensor for predicting the bearing wear of electrical machines. The technique is based on a combination of Park vector methods and a classifier based on an artificial neural network (ANN-classifier). Experiments are carried out in laboratory conditions on an asynchronous motor of AIR132M4 brand. For the experiment, the inner rings of the bearing are artificially degraded. The filtered and processed data obtained from the installation are passed through the ANN-classifier. A method of providing the data into the classifier is shown. The result is a convergence of 99% and an accuracy of 98% on the test data. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021)

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19 pages, 4530 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Assessment of Different Gold Nanoflowers as Labels for Lateral Flow Immunosensors

by Nadezhda A. Taranova, Nadezhda A. Byzova, Svetlana M. Pridvorova, Anatoly V. Zherdev and Boris B. Dzantiev

Sensors 2021, 21(21), 7098; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21217098 - 26 Oct 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1775

Abstract

Many studies have found that gold nanoparticles with branched surfaces (nanoflowers) are markers for immunosensors that provide higher sensitivity gains than the commonly used spherical gold nanoparticles. Although the analytical characteristics of nanoparticle-using systems vary significantly depending on their size and shape, the question of choosing the best gold nanoflowers remains open. This work presents a comparative study of a panel of 33 preparations of gold nanoflowers formed by varying several parameters: the size of spherical nanoparticles-nuclei, the concentrations of nuclei, and tetrachloroauric acid during growth. The sizes of the resulting particles, their sorption capacity under antibody immobilization, mobility along membranes for lateral flow assays, and the effects of these parameters on the limits of detection of lateral flow immunoassay are characterized. The optimality of preparations obtained by growing a 0.2% v/v solution of nuclei with a diameter of 10 or 20 nm with tetrachloroauric acid at a concentration of 0.12 mM was shown. With their use, lateral flow immune tests were developed to determine markers of acute myocardial infarction—fatty acids binding protein and troponins I and T. The use of gold nanoflowers obtained under the proposed protocols led to significant gains in the limits of detection—3 to 10 times under visual detection and over 100 times under instrumental detection—compared to spherical gold nanoparticles. The significant increase under instrumental detection is due to the label’s low nonspecific binding. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021)

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15 pages, 1280 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Rapid and Easy-to-Use Method for Accurate Characterization of Target Binding and Kinetics of Magnetic Particle Bioconjugates for Biosensing

by Averyan V. Pushkarev, Alexey V. Orlov, Sergey L. Znoyko, Vera A. Bragina and Petr I. Nikitin

Sensors 2021, 21(8), 2802; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082802 - 15 Apr 2021

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2609

Abstract

The ever-increasing use of magnetic particle bioconjugates (MPB) in biosensors calls for methods of comprehensive characterization of their interaction with targets. Label-free optical sensors commonly used for studying inter-molecular interactions have limited potential for MPB because of their large size and multi-component non-transparent structure. We present an easy-to-use method that requires only three 20-min express measurements to determine the key parameters for selection of optimal MPB for a biosensor: kinetic and equilibrium characteristics, and a fraction of biomolecules on the MPB surface that are capable of active targeting. The method also provides a prognostic dependence of MPB targeting efficiency upon interaction duration and sample volume. These features are possible due to joining a magnetic lateral flow assay, a highly sensitive sensor for MPB detection by the magnetic particle quantification technique, and a novel mathematical model that explicitly describes the MPB-target interactions and does not comprise parameters to be fitted additionally. The method was demonstrated by experiments on MPB targeting of cardiac troponin I and staphylococcal enterotoxin B. The validation by an independent label-free technique of spectral-correlation interferometry showed good correlation between the results obtained by both methods. The presented method can be applied to other targets for faster development and selection of MPB for affinity sensors, analytical technologies, and realization of novel concepts of MPB-based biosensing in vivo. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021)

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12 pages, 2245 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Drop Drying on the Sensor: One More Way for Comparative Analysis of Liquid Media

by Tatiana Yakhno, Alexander Pakhomov, Anatoly Sanin, Vyacheslav Kazakov, Ruben Ginoyan and Vladimir Yakhno

Sensors 2020, 20(18), 5266; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185266 - 15 Sep 2020

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1852

Abstract

It is known that the processes of self-organization of the components of drying a liquid drop on a solid substrate are well reproduced under the same external conditions and are determined only by the composition and dispersion of the liquid. If the drop dries on the surface of the sensor device, these processes can be recorded and used as a passport characteristic of the liquid. The first half of the article is devoted to the description of the principles of the method and the proof of the validity of our assumptions. The second half of the article is devoted to the development of a user-friendly version of the device, where the change in the real and imaginary parts of the electrical impedance of the resonator was used as an informative parameter. The measure of the closeness of the relative positions of the hodographs of the compared samples on the complex plane is used as a criterion for the similarity-/-difference of various liquids. The design of a new sensor device and the results of its tests for distinguishing between different brands of alcoholic beverages and reconstituted milk of different concentrations are presented. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021)

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17 pages, 1192 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for the Classification of Motor-Related Brain Activity on the Sensor-Level

by Alexander E. Hramov, Vadim Grubov, Artem Badarin, Vladimir A. Maksimenko and Alexander N. Pisarchik

Sensors 2020, 20(8), 2362; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082362 - 21 Apr 2020

Cited by 31 | Viewed by 4726

Abstract

Sensor-level human brain activity is studied during real and imaginary motor execution using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Blood oxygenation and deoxygenation spatial dynamics exhibit pronounced hemispheric lateralization when performing motor tasks with the left and right hands. This fact allowed us to reveal biomarkers of hemodynamical response of the motor cortex on the motor execution, and use them for designing a sensing method for classification of the type of movement. The recognition accuracy of real movements is close to 100%, while the classification accuracy of imaginary movements is lower but quite high (at the level of 90%). The advantage of the proposed method is its ability to classify real and imaginary movements with sufficiently high efficiency without the need for recalculating parameters. The proposed system can serve as a sensor of motor activity to be used for neurorehabilitation after severe brain injuries, including traumas and strokes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021)

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14 pages, 5144 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Vanadyl Phthalocyanine Films and Their Hybrid Structures with Pd Nanoparticles: Structure and Sensing Properties

by Darya Klyamer, Aleksandr Sukhikh, Nataliya Nikolaeva, Natalya Morozova and Tamara Basova

Sensors 2020, 20(7), 1893; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071893 - 29 Mar 2020

Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2458

Abstract

In this work, thin films of vanadyl phthalocyanines (VOPc and VOPcF₄) are studied as active layers for the detection of gaseous ammonia and hydrogen. The effect of F-substituents on the structural features of vanadyl phthalocyanine films and their sensor response toward ammonia (10–50 ppm) and hydrogen (100–500 ppm) is investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and chemiresistive methods, respectively. It is shown that the sensor response of VOPcF₄ films to ammonia is 2–3 times higher than that of VOPc films. By contrast, the sensor response to hydrogen is higher in the case of VOPc films. Apart from this, the hybrid structures of vanadyl phthalocyanine films with Pd nanoparticles deposited on their surface by a chemical vapor deposition method are also tested to reveal the effect of Pd nanoparticles on the sensitivity of VOPc films to hydrogen. Deposition of Pd nanoparticles on the surface of VOPc films leads to the noticeable increase of their sensitivity to hydrogen. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021)

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Review

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27 pages, 4540 KiB

Open AccessReview

Antibodies as Biosensors’ Key Components: State-of-the-Art in Russia 2020–2021

by Natalia Rudenko, Ksenia Fursova, Anna Shepelyakovskaya, Anna Karatovskaya and Fedor Brovko

Sensors 2021, 21(22), 7614; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21227614 - 16 Nov 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3172

Abstract

The recognition of biomolecules is crucial in key areas such as the timely diagnosis of somatic and infectious diseases, food quality control, and environmental monitoring. This determines the need to develop highly sensitive display devices based on the achievements of modern science and technology, characterized by high selectivity, high speed, low cost, availability, and small size. Such requirements are met by biosensor systems—devices for reagent-free analysis of compounds that consist of a biologically sensitive element (receptor), a transducer, and a working solution. The diversity of biological material and methods for its immobilization on the surface or in the volume of the transducer and the use of nanotechnologies have led to the appearance of an avalanche-like number of different biosensors, which, depending on the type of biologically sensitive element, can be divided into three groups: enzyme, affinity, and cellular/tissue. Affinity biosensors are one of the rapidly developing areas in immunoassay, where the key point is to register the formation of an antigen–antibody complex. This review analyzes the latest work by Russian researchers concerning the production of molecules used in various immunoassay formats as well as new fundamental scientific data obtained as a result of their use. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021)

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25 pages, 5080 KiB

Open AccessReview

Magnetoelectric Magnetic Field Sensors: A Review

by Mirza Bichurin, Roman Petrov, Oleg Sokolov, Viktor Leontiev, Viktor Kuts, Dmitry Kiselev and Yaojin Wang

Sensors 2021, 21(18), 6232; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21186232 - 17 Sep 2021

Cited by 36 | Viewed by 5833

Abstract

One of the new materials that have recently attracted wide attention of researchers are magnetoelectric (ME) composites. Great interest in these materials is due to their properties associated with the transformation of electric polarization/magnetization under the influence of external magnetic/electric fields and the possibility of their use to create new devices. In the proposed review, ME magnetic field sensors based on the widely used structures Terfenol—PZT/PMN-PT, Metglas—PZT/PMN-PT, and Metglas—Lithium niobate, among others, are considered as the first applications of the ME effect in technology. Estimates of the parameters of ME sensors are given, and comparative characteristics of magnetic field sensors are presented. Taking into account the high sensitivity of ME magnetic field sensors, comparable to superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), we discuss the areas of their application. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021)

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36 pages, 7031 KiB

Open AccessReview

Developing Multisensory Approach to the Optical Spectral Analysis

by Andrey Bogomolov

Sensors 2021, 21(10), 3541; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103541 - 19 May 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2852

Abstract

This article presents an overview of research aimed at developing a scientific approach to creating multisensor optical systems for chemical analysis. The review is mainly based on the author’s works accomplished over the recent 10 years at Samara State Technical University with broad international cooperation. It consists of an introduction and five sections that describe state of the art in the field of optical sensing, suggested development methodology of optical multisensor systems, related aspects of experimental design and process analytical technology followed by a collection of practical examples in different application fields: food and pharmaceutical production, medical diagnostics, and ecological monitoring. The conclusion summarizes trends and prospects of the multisensory approach to optical spectral analysis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021)

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44 pages, 8038 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Key Role of Active Sites in the Development of Selective Metal Oxide Sensor Materials

by Artem Marikutsa, Marina Rumyantseva, Elizaveta A. Konstantinova and Alexander Gaskov

Sensors 2021, 21(7), 2554; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21072554 - 6 Apr 2021

Cited by 71 | Viewed by 5901

Abstract

Development of sensor materials based on metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) for selective gas sensors is challenging for the tasks of air quality monitoring, early fire detection, gas leaks search, breath analysis, etc. An extensive range of sensor materials has been elaborated, but no consistent guidelines can be found for choosing a material composition targeting the selective detection of specific gases. Fundamental relations between material composition and sensing behavior have not been unambiguously established. In the present review, we summarize our recent works on the research of active sites and gas sensing behavior of n-type semiconductor metal oxides with different composition (simple oxides ZnO, In₂O₃, SnO₂, WO₃; mixed-metal oxides BaSnO₃, Bi₂WO₆), and functionalized by catalytic noble metals (Ru, Pd, Au). The materials were variously characterized. The composition, metal-oxygen bonding, microstructure, active sites, sensing behavior, and interaction routes with gases (CO, NH₃, SO₂, VOC, NO₂) were examined. The key role of active sites in determining the selectivity of sensor materials is substantiated. It was shown that the metal-oxygen bond energy of the MOS correlates with the surface acidity and the concentration of surface oxygen species and oxygen vacancies, which control the adsorption and redox conversion of analyte gas molecules. The effects of cations in mixed-metal oxides on the sensitivity and selectivity of BaSnO₃ and Bi₂WO₆ to SO₂ and VOCs, respectively, are rationalized. The determining role of catalytic noble metals in oxidation of reducing analyte gases and the impact of acid sites of MOS to gas adsorption are demonstrated. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biennial State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Russia 2020-2021)

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