To address the issue of inconspicuous electricity consumption characteristics among vacant users in low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs), which hinders effective line–household relationship identification (LHRI), a method for identifying l...
The growing traffic on city streets leads to traffic disruptions, lowering the level of road safety, as well as the problem of finding a vacant parking space. Drivers looking for a vacant parking space on the street generate so-called search traffic....
For the purpose of determining whether vacant taxis are supposed to use high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes, this paper builds a framework to explore the performances of a network before and after vacant taxis use HOV lanes and to detect the optimal d...
In an attempt to improve utilization of the frequency spectrum left vacant by license holders, cognitive radio networks (CRNs) permit secondary users (SUs) to utilize such spectrum when the license holders, known as primary users (PUs), are inactive....
Through the expeditious expansion of the wireless network, the unlicensed bandwidth-based devices are growing substantially as compared to the present vacant bandwidth. Cognitive radio networks present a proficient solution to the spectrum shortage d...
Cognitive radio technology addresses the problem of spectrum scarcity by allowing secondary users to use the vacant spectrum bands without causing interference to the primary users. However, several attacks could disturb the normal functioning of the...
Semi-outdoor learning spaces are becoming increasingly popular with both students and teachers at tropical universities; however, some of the seats are always vacant. This study focused on the selection of seating in semi-outdoor spaces in a universi...
Canada’s third-generation HFSWR forms the foundation of a maritime domain awareness system that provides enforcement agencies with real-time persistent surveillance out to and beyond the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Cognitive sens...
“Humanising cities” is a significant topic in recent urban discussions, driven by diverse applications among urban managers and decision-makers. The Saudi Arabia initiative, through a quality-of-life programme, exemplifies efforts to inte...
Day by day, the demand for wireless systems is increasing while the available spectrum resources are not sufficient. To fulfil the demand for wireless systems, the spectrum hole (spectrum vacant) should be found and utilised very effectively. Cogniti...
As part of an urban policy designed to revive South Korea’s shrinking cities, vacant residential structures are being demolished and the resulting empty plots transformed into public spaces. This study discursively examines this process, its stakehol...
Recently, population growth and resource depletion have been matched by a growing demand for self-sustaining communities. Numerous studies promote sustainable solutions to the concerns of climate change and food scarcity. This study aims at creating...
Cognitive radio is considered as a pioneering technique in the domain of wireless communication as it enables and permits the Cognitive Users (CU) to exploit the unused channels of the Primary Users (PU) for communication and networking. The CU nodes...
This research assesses the way main streets are perceived and used by pedestrians in an industrial, Central-European city—Ostrava in Czechia. The city has recently experienced shrinkage and changing patterns of socio-economic exchange, reason w...
Cognitive radio (CR) has evolved as a novel technology for overcoming the spectrum-scarcity problem in wireless communication networks. With its opportunistic behaviour for improving the spectrum-usage efficiency, CR enables the desired secondary use...
The visiting and less-privileged status of the secondary users (SUs) in a cognitive radio network obligates them to release the occupied channel instantly when it is reclaimed by the primary user. The SU has a choice to make: either wait for the chan...
Cognitive radio technology enables spectrum sensing (SS), which allows the secondary user (SU) to access vacant frequency bands in the periods when the primary user (PU) is not active. Due to its minute implementation complexity, the SS approach base...
Urban development is the planned growth of cities that takes into account ecological issues, the needs of urban life, social and technical equipment standards, and quality of life. However, as a result of policies implemented by decision-makers and u...