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Challenges in Vaccine Development and Practical Application for Zoonosis Control

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A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Vaccines against Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (24 December 2023) | Viewed by 11463

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hiromi Takahashi-Omoe

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Guest Editor

Core Facility Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Interests: zoonosis; public health; veterinary medicine; animal welfare; science and technology policy

Prof. Dr. Ken J. Ishii

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Institute of Medical Science, Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: vaccine safety; innate immunity; adjuvant; nucleic acid therapeutics; nucleic acid vaccine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce the Special Issue “Challenges in the Development and Practical Application of Vaccines against Zoonoses”. This Special Issue is aimed at addressing bottlenecks for development and practical application of vaccines against zoonoses, with discussion of future countermeasures against them.

Around 60% of globally reported emerging infectious diseases are zoonoses. Over 30 new human pathogens have been detected in the last three decades, 75% of which have originated in animals [Jones KE et al. Nature 2008; 451:990-94]. Controlling zoonoses, as seen in recent examples of the pandemic influenza H1N1 2009 and the COVID-19 pandemic (SARS-CoV-2 is of probable animal origin), has become an important issue in global public health management.

The successful rapid application of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 has expanded the potential of mRNA vaccines in infectious disease prevention. On the other hand, as seen in the example of COVID-19 vaccines, the process from R&D to practical application has various challenges in terms of R&D systems, manufacturing, medical systems, public health policy, socioeconomic aspects, and so on.

With this Special Issue, we aim to gather real-world reports on various challenges regarding the development and practical application of vaccines against zoonoses. This issue targets a variety of stakeholders, including experts involved in vaccine R&D, policy decision makers, immunization program managers, medical professionals, experts who conduct research on awareness and behaviors surrounding vaccination, as well as in other relevant scientific fields.

Dr. Hiromi Takahashi-Omoe
Prof. Dr. Ken J. Ishii
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

zoonosis
vaccine development strategy
practical application of vaccines
immunization strategy
regulatory science
risk management
risk communication
health communication

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 724 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and Vaccination Coverage among Residents of a Lower-Middle-Class Population in the Federal District, Brazil

by Raíssa Nogueira de Brito, Ana Izabel Passarella Teixeira, Carolina Carvalho Gontijo, Rafael Da Silva Faria, Walter Massa Ramalho, Gustavo Adolfo Sierra Romero, Manoel Castro, Vitoria Pessoa, Larissa Araújo Torres, Larissa Pereira Leite, Elza Ferreira Noronha, Rodrigo Haddad and Wildo Navegantes de Araújo

Vaccines 2023, 11(5), 916; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050916 - 28 Apr 2023

Viewed by 1366

Abstract

Estimating seroprevalence and vaccination coverage against COVID-19 is crucial to the development of well-targeted public health policies at the local level. Here, we estimated seroprevalence and vaccination coverage in a lower-middle-class population in Brazil. We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, population-based survey from 24 September to 19 December 2021. CMIA tests were used to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG against the N-protein. The overall seroprevalence was 24.15% (177/733), and vaccination coverage was 91.40% (670/733); 72.09% (483/670) were fully vaccinated. Among vaccinated participants, seroprevalence was 24.77% (95% CI 21.50–28.04; 166/670), with a prevalence ratio (PR) of 1.03 (95% CI 0.98–1.08; p-value 0.131). Among participants who received an mRNA vaccine with S-based epitope (485), seroprevalence was 16.29% (95% CI 13.04–19.85; 79/485). Among unvaccinated participants, seroprevalence was 17.46% (95% CI 10.04–28.62; 11/63). Finally, in spite of the political climate and other possible causes for vaccine hesitancy, the positive Brazilian culture towards vaccination might have curbed hesitancy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges in Vaccine Development and Practical Application for Zoonosis Control)

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14 pages, 2928 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Genomic Characterization of Dengue Virus Outbreak in 2022 from Pakistan

by Massab Umair, Syed Adnan Haider, Zaira Rehman, Zunera Jamal, Qasim Ali, Rabia Hakim, Shaheen Bibi, Aamer Ikram and Muhammad Salman

Vaccines 2023, 11(1), 163; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010163 - 11 Jan 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3224

Abstract

Pakistan, a dengue-endemic country, has encountered several outbreaks during the past decade. The current study aimed to explore the serotype and genomic diversity of dengue virus responsible for the 2022 outbreak in Pakistan. From August to October 2022, NS-1 positive blood samples (n = 343) were collected from dengue patients, among which, (85%; n = 293) were positive based on RT-PCR. In terms of gender and age, dengue infection was more prevalent in male patients (63%; n = 184), with more adults (21–30 years; n = 94) being infected. The serotyping results revealed DENV-2 to be the most predominant serotype (62%; n = 183), followed by DENV-1 (37%; n = 109) and DENV-3 (0.32%; n = 1). Moreover, a total of 10 samples (DENV-2; n = 8, DENV-1; n = 2) were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Among these, four were collected in early 2022, and six were collected between August and October 2022. Phylogenetic analysis of DENV-2 sequenced samples (n = 8) revealed a monophyletic clade of cosmopolitan genotype IVA, which is closely related to sequences from China and Singapore 2018, and DENV-1 samples (n = 2) show genotype III, which is closely related to Pakistan isolates from 2019. We also reported the first whole genome sequence of a coinfection case (DENV1-DENV2) in Pakistan detected through a meta-genome approach. Thus, dengue virus dynamics reported in the current study warrant large-scale genomic surveillance to better respond to future outbreaks. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges in Vaccine Development and Practical Application for Zoonosis Control)

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11 pages, 4753 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Japanese Encephalitis Virus Genotype III Strains Detection and Genome Sequencing from Indian Pig and Mosquito Vector

by Seema R. Pegu, Pranab Jyoti Das, Joyshikh Sonowal, Gyanendra Singh Sengar, Rajib Deb, Ajay Kumar Yadav, Swaraj Rajkhowa, Manjisa Choudhury, Baldev R. Gulati and Vivek Kumar Gupta

Vaccines 2023, 11(1), 150; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010150 - 10 Jan 2023

Viewed by 1930

Abstract

Japanese encephalitis viruses (JEVs) are globally prevalent as deadly pathogens in humans and animals, including pig, horse and cattle. Japanese encephalitis (JE) still remains an important cause of epidemic encephalitis worldwide and exists in a zoonotic transmission cycle. Assam is one of the highly endemic states for JE in India. In the present study, to understand the epidemiological status of JE circulating in pigs and mosquito, particularly in Assam, India, molecular detection of JEV and the genome sequencing of JEV isolates from pigs and mosquitoes was conducted. The genome analysis of two JEV isolates from pigs and mosquitoes revealed 7 and 20 numbers of unique points of polymorphism of nucleotide during alignment of the sequences with other available sequences, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates of the present investigation belong to genotype III and are closely related with the strains of neighboring country China. This study highlights the transboundary nature of the JEV genotype III circulation, which maintained the same genotype through mosquito-swine transmission cycles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges in Vaccine Development and Practical Application for Zoonosis Control)

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Other

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10 pages, 909 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Communication Interventions and Assessment of Drivers for Hendra Virus Vaccination Uptake

by Jessica N. Kropich-Grant, Kerrie E. Wiley, Jennifer Manyweathers, Kirrilly R. Thompson and Victoria J. Brookes

Vaccines 2023, 11(5), 936; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050936 - 4 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4340

Abstract

Hendra virus disease (HeVD) is an emerging zoonosis in Australia, resulting from the transmission of Hendra virus (HeV) to horses from Pteropus bats. Vaccine uptake for horses is low despite the high case fatality rate of HeVD in both horses and people. We reviewed evidence-based communication interventions to promote and improve HeV vaccine uptake for horses by horse owners and conducted a preliminary evaluation of potential drivers for HeV vaccine uptake using the Behavioural and Social Drivers of Vaccination (BeSD) framework developed by the World Health Organization. Six records were eligible for review following a comprehensive search and review strategy of peer-reviewed literature, but evidence-based communication interventions to promote and improve HeV vaccine uptake for horses were lacking. An evaluation of potential drivers for HeV vaccine uptake using the BeSD framework indicated that horse owners’ perceptions, beliefs, social processes, and practical issues are similar to those experienced by parents making decisions about childhood vaccines, although the overall motivation to vaccinate is lower amongst horse owners. Some aspects of HeV vaccine uptake are not accounted for in the BeSD framework (for example, alternative mitigation strategies such as covered feeding stations or the zoonotic risk of HeV). Overall, problems associated with HeV vaccine uptake appear well-documented. We, therefore, propose to move from a problems-focused to a solutions-focused approach to reduce the risk of HeV for humans and horses. Following our findings, we suggest that the BeSD framework could be modified and used to develop and evaluate communication interventions to promote and improve HeV vaccine uptake by horse owners, which could have a global application to promote vaccine uptake for other zoonotic diseases in animals, such as rabies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges in Vaccine Development and Practical Application for Zoonosis Control)

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