Antiviral Innate Immunity

Dear Colleagues,

An important obstacle that an invading mosquito-borne RNA virus belonging to flavivirus (e.g, dengue, West Nile, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, Zika), alphaviruses (e.g., Chikungunya, Ross River, Sindbis, Semliki Forest), or bunyavirus (e.g., Rift Valley fever) genus has to overcome is the host antiviral innate immunity. Understanding the mechanisms of antiviral innate immune responses provides new clues for the development of arthopod-borne virus (arbovirus) control strategies. The host immune response to arbovirus is initiated when the pattern recognition receptors recognize highly conserved motifs in viral products. In vertebrate hosts, such interactions lead to activation of transcription factors which stimulate the expression of genes encoding the type-I interferons and, which in turn, activate the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) capable of major antiviral properties. In mosquito vector, RNAi associated to JAK/STAT pathway has been proposed as the most important mechanism of antiviral immune response. In the last years, knowledge on antiviral innate immunity to mosquito-borne RNA virus infection has greatly increased. Recent studies have also shown that arboviruses have developed sophisticated strategies to evade host innate immune responses.

This special issue of Vaccines will cover all the aforementioned topics relevant to antiviral innate immunity against mosquito-borne RNA viruses and their perturbation in both invertebrate vector and vertebrate hosts.

Prof. Dr. Philippe Desprès
Prof. Dr. Philippe Gasque
Guest Editors

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