Herpesvirus Vaccines
A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Immunology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 27530
Special Issue Editors
Interests: herpesviruses; pestiviruses; African swine fever virus; circovirus; swine influenza virus; porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus; cell biology; DNA immunization; chimeric vaccines; experimental infection in vivo and in vitro under BSL3 facilities
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
2. Department of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
Interests: human herpesviruses; neurodegenerative diseases; COVID-19
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Herpesviruses are distributed widely throughout the animal kingdom and are responsible for several human and veterinary diseases. A key characteristic of herpesvirus infections is the establishment of latency in which the virus persists lifelong in the host following primary infection. Herpesviruses achieve a latent state with the host through the adoption of a range of strategies including existing in a virtually non-replicating state and producing certain proteins downregulating the hosts’ specific immune responses. Periodically, herpesviruses may reactivate from the latent state to a replicating, lytic state involving the production of new proteins which may manifest new disease in the host and instigate an active immune response. In humans, eight herpesviruses have been described including Herpes Simplex virus (HSV), Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) which are responsible for several diseases following primary infection and reactivation. In many instances, primary infections are mild and self-limiting (eg. chickenpox); however, if the host’s immune responses are deficient or suppressed serious and potentially life-threatening infections may result. In veterinary medicine, different herpesvirus infections (eg. Bovine herpesvirus; Bubaline herpesvirus; Equine herpesvirus; Ovine herpesvirus; Caprine herpesvirus) are responsible of serious economic losses for the animal farms. Although effective vaccines are available against some human herpesviruses (eg. VZV) and different animal herpesviruses (Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1, BoHV-1; Equine alphaherpesvirus 1/4, EHV1/4; Suid alphaherpesvirus 1, SuHV-1), there is an ongoing need to develop vaccines for other human (eg. CMV, EBV, HSV) and animal herpesviruses (eg. Bovine alphaherpesvirus 2, BoHV2; Bovine alphaherpesvirus 5, BoHV-5; Bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1, BuHV-1; Caprine alphaherpesvirus 1; CpHV-1; Ovine gammaherpesvirus 2, OvHV-2). The protective measures aimed to control different animal herpesviruses infection include immunization with live attenuated or inactivated vaccines. An additional area of development specifically relevant to herpesviruses of veterinary importance is the use of marker vaccines. These products by appropriate laboratory tests, offer the possibility of differentiating between natural infected and vaccinated animals. Finally, there is interest in the use of herpesviruses as vectors for transmitting heterologous immunogens. The development of effective herpesvirus vaccines has proved challenging and various technological approaches have been undertaken to develop and evaluate new herpesvirus vaccines with differing levels of success.
Dr. Stefano Petrini
Dr. Peter Maple
Guest Editors
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Keywords
- Herpersvirus
- vaccines
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