Immune Response after Influenza and Coronavirus Co-infection

Dear Colleagues,

The immune response to respiratory tract infections, including influenza and coronaviruses, is complex, underscoring the need to better understand the multifaceted response of the human immune system. Virus strains and variants and their potential for co-circulation, e.g., influenza and coronaviruses, contribute to the complexity of this dynamic environment.

In this Special Issue, we will examine the latest developments in the immune, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of influenza and coronavirus co-infection. Key topics may include the following：

1. The temporal dynamics of the immune response to viral co-infections;
2. The key factors that influence virus clearance;
3. Factors that contribute to the formation and development of immune memory in response to co-infections;
4. The examination of influenza and coronavirus vaccines and their protection of the host in the context of co-infection are encouraged, including the key challenges that may hinder the development of vaccines for co-infections.

This Special Issue aims to provide a significant platform for cutting-edge research and insights.

Dr. Dingmei Zhang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• immune response to viral co-infections
• immune memory in response to co-infections
• influenza and coronavirus vaccines
• vaccines for co-infections