Silk Road, Buddhism and Cultural Memory in East Asia

A Special Issue of Religions (ISSN 2077-1444) belonging to the section "Religions and Humanities/Philosophies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2027 | Viewed by 1610

Editors

School of Philosophy, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
Interests: history and philosophy of Chinese Buddhism
School of Foreign Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
Interests: silk road cultural circulation; cultural memory in East Asia; Dunhuang manuscripts and textual culture; Buddhist transmission and localization

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Guest Editor
School of Liberal Arts, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
Interests: Chinese Buddhism; Chinese Buddhist canon; Buddhist text; Buddhist translation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
School of Liberal Arts, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
Interests: Dunhuang manuscripts and language; ancient Chinese

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The transmission of Buddhism along the Silk Road represents one of the most significant processes of cultural exchange in Eurasian history—rather than a simple diffusion of religious doctrine, this process involved complex interactions among languages, visual cultures, ritual systems, and literary traditions, contributing to the formation of enduring cultural memories across East Asia. From Gandhara and Kucha to Dunhuang, Chang’an, Nara, and Kyoto, Buddhist ideas and practices were continuously translated, adapted, and reinterpreted within diverse local contexts.

This Special Issue aims to explore the dynamic relationship between Silk Road Buddhism and cultural memory in East Asia, and seeks to examine how religious concepts, visual representations, and textual traditions were transmitted, localized, and embedded into regional knowledge systems and collective identities. The topic aligns closely with the the scope of Religions, particularly the journal’s focus on interdisciplinary approaches to religious traditions within historical, cultural, and philosophical frameworks.

We welcome original research articles and review papers that engage with, but are not limited to, the following themes:

  1. Buddhist transmission and localization along the Silk Road;
  2. Cultural memory and narrative formation in East Asia;
  3. Dunhuang manuscripts and textual cultures;
  4. Buddhist art, material culture, and sacred spaces;
  5. Translation, multilingualism, and knowledge circulation;
  6. Literary representations of the Silk Road and the “Western Regions”;
  7. Digital humanities approaches to Buddhist heritage;
  8. Museums, tourism, and contemporary reinterpretations of Silk Road Buddhism.

We hope that this Special Issue will stimulate new interdisciplinary research and contribute to a deeper understanding of how Buddhism functioned as a transregional cultural force shaping memory, identity, and knowledge systems in East Asia.

Dr. Jiade Shao
Dr. Dongbo Liu
Dr. Zhouyuan Li
Dr. Futong Zhang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • silk road Buddhism
  • cultural memory and memory studies
  • transregional cultural circulation
  • Buddhist culture in East Asia
  • Dunhuang texts and literature of the Western regions
  • Buddhist material culture and religious space
  • Buddhist language and translation studies
  • narrative and cultural representation
  • digital humanities and cultural heritage
  • folk belief and everyday practices

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 481 KB  
Article
“World Literature” and the Civilizational Consciousness of Meiji Buddhism: Ashizu Jitsuzen and Genuine Philosophy of Killing and Activating Freedom
by Xiaoyao Ye
Religions 2026, 17(9), 1002; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel17091002 - 25 Aug 2026
Viewed by 292
Abstract
Following the Meiji Restoration, Japanese Buddhism underwent a profound transformation as it confronted the rise of State Shinto, the spread of Christianity, and the emergence of modern concepts such as “religion” “civilization” and “philosophy”. Against this background, this paper examines the concept of [...] Read more.
Following the Meiji Restoration, Japanese Buddhism underwent a profound transformation as it confronted the rise of State Shinto, the spread of Christianity, and the emergence of modern concepts such as “religion” “civilization” and “philosophy”. Against this background, this paper examines the concept of “world literature” (sekai bungaku 世界文学) within the intellectual context of Meiji Buddhism, with particular attention paid to Ashizu Jitsuzen’s (1850–1921) discussion of the concept in Genuine Philosophy of Killing and Giving Life (1890). The paper first explores the formation of the modern religious order in Meiji Japan and the challenges Buddhism faced in redefining its social and cultural legitimacy. It then examines Ashizu’s religious thought and public activities, focusing on how he articulated the significance of Buddhism within the emerging modern public sphere and global order of knowledge, as well as the relationship between his notion of “world literature” and contemporary discussions of religion, civilization, and the emerging discourse of “world religions”. This paper argues that Ashizu’s notion of “world literature” sought to demonstrate that Buddhist scriptures possessed systematic structures of knowledge, interpretive methods, and mechanisms of transmission, enabling Buddhism to transcend national and regional boundaries and claim universal significance. At the same time, it shows that Ashizu regarded the realization of this potential as requiring Buddhist practitioners to develop new forms of learning, practice, and global propagation. By examining the tension between the inherited textual resources of the Buddhist tradition and modern Buddhism’s efforts toward global engagement, this paper reveals how Meiji Buddhist thinkers sought to reconstruct Buddhism’s position within a rapidly changing modern world order. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Silk Road, Buddhism and Cultural Memory in East Asia)
23 pages, 2864 KB  
Article
From Chang’an to Dunhuang: Bukong and the Iconographic Propagation of Wutai Mountain Manjusri Faith
by Fangfang Li and Kangmin Li
Religions 2026, 17(7), 770; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel17070770 - 26 Jun 2026
Viewed by 523
Abstract
Mount Wutai murals in Dunhuang first appeared in the Tubo period of the Middle Tang Dynasty, and their spread in Dunhuang reflects the faith of Mount Wutai here. Mount Wutai faith appeared in the Northern Dynasties and was gradually combined with Manjusri faith, [...] Read more.
Mount Wutai murals in Dunhuang first appeared in the Tubo period of the Middle Tang Dynasty, and their spread in Dunhuang reflects the faith of Mount Wutai here. Mount Wutai faith appeared in the Northern Dynasties and was gradually combined with Manjusri faith, which was vigorously promoted by Bukong in the Reign of Emperor Daizong in the Tang Dynasty. Bukong infused Esoteric state-protection doctrines into the Mount Wutai Manjusri faith, which took shape during Bukong’s residence in Hexi, was practiced in the reign of Emperor Daizong, and was eventually adopted by the Tubo. The emergence of Mount Wutai murals is a significant manifestation of the process of the spread of this faith. It can thus be seen that Bukong played a crucial role in the process of the iconographic propagation of the Mount Wutai Manjusri faith. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Silk Road, Buddhism and Cultural Memory in East Asia)
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