Adamantane in Drug Delivery

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Drug Delivery and Controlled Release".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 1798

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Centre for Research and Knowledge Transfer in Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Rockefellerova 10, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: targeted drug delivery system; liposome; adamantane; peptidoglycan; adjuvants; immunomodulators; nanomaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The design and synthesis of safe and highly specific drug delivery systems with improved properties is a priority of the growing field of nanomedicine. Nanomedicine offers a new platform for drug delivery development, from minimizing the toxicity of pharmaceuticals to improving their efficacy. Great progress has been made in the field of cancer nanomedicine, regenerative medicine, immunotherapy, gene delivery and bioimaging. The unique structural and chemical properties of adamantane are well known and recognized in organic chemistry and pharmaceutical  chemistry. They provide exceptional opportunities in the design of various adamantane-based scaffolds or carrier systems for drug delivery. Adamantane can be used in two ways; as a building block to which different functional groups are covalently bonded or as part of self-assembled supramolecular systems where adamantane is accommodated on the basis of its lipophilicity and strong host–guest interaction. Due to its lipophilicity, adamantane attachment to drugs with low hydrophobicity could increase the drug uptake through the lipidic membranes. Additional important features of adamantane are its biocompatibility and non-toxicity, as well as its low cost and easy accessibility. Nanomaterials containing adamantane and other diamondoids therefore remain highly relevant to nanomedicine, especially in the design of safe and selective drug delivery systems and molecular carriers.

Prof. Dr. Ruža Frkanec
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • adamantane
  • targeted drug delivery
  • molecular recognition
  • supramolecular self assembly
  • host-guest interaction
  • nanomaterials
  • nanomedicine
  • model lipid membranes

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

9 pages, 980 KiB  
Communication
Lipidation of NOD2 Agonists with Adamantane and Stearoyl Moieties Differentially Regulates Their In Vivo Adjuvant Activity
by Samo Guzelj, Marcela Šišić, Špela Bizjak, Leo Frkanec, Ruža Frkanec and Žiga Jakopin
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(12), 2755; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14122755 - 9 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1262
Abstract
NOD2 is an innate immune receptor that constitutes an important target for the development of small molecule immunopotentiators with great potential to be used as vaccine adjuvants. We report here the results of an in vivo study of the adjuvant properties of a [...] Read more.
NOD2 is an innate immune receptor that constitutes an important target for the development of small molecule immunopotentiators with great potential to be used as vaccine adjuvants. We report here the results of an in vivo study of the adjuvant properties of a desmuramylpeptide NOD2 agonist SG29 and its lipidated analogs featuring an adamantyl moiety or a stearoyl group. These compounds have been synthesized, incorporated into liposomes, and evaluated for their in vivo adjuvant activity. The characterization of liposome formulations of examined compounds revealed that their size increased in comparison to that of empty liposomes. The introduction of a stearoyl or an adamantane lipophilic anchor into the structure of SG29, to produce SG115 and ZSB63, respectively, substantially improved the in vivo adjuvant activity. Of note, the attachment of the stearoyl moiety produced a Th2-biased immune response, while the incorporation of the adamantyl moiety greatly enhanced the production of total IgG but mostly augmented the production of IgG2a antibodies, which indicated a shift toward a Th1 immune response. The identified bona fide capacity of ZSB63 to initiate a cellular immune response thus highlights its untapped potential as an alternative vaccine adjuvant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adamantane in Drug Delivery)
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