Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobial Therapy

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Pharmaceutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 644

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Area of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
Interests: pharmacokinetics; PBPK model; PKPD modeling; drug monitoring; pharmacodynamics

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Guest Editor
School of Pharmacy, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
Interests: pharmacokinetics; drug monitoring; model-informed precision dosing
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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Interests: therapeutic drug monitoring; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics

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Guest Editor
Pharmacokinetic, Nanotechnology and Gene Therapy Group (PharmaNanoGene), Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Centre, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Interests: antibiotics; pharmacokinetics; pharmacodynamics; antimicrobials; MIPD

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to contribute an original research article or review to this Special Issue of Pharmaceutics, entitled “Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobial Therapy”.

Nowadays, an alarming rate of resistance against multiple currently available antimicrobial treatments is being observed. As misuse or abuse of this therapy is a key factor in the development of resistance, optimizing this therapy is pivotal to addressing this problem. The success of antimicrobial therapy depends on the pathogen, the therapy, and the patient. Given the variability in clinical practice, understanding the PK/PD of these treatments is crucial to achieving suitable concentrations for maximum efficacy and minimizing resistance development. Translational PK/PD, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), and model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) have emerged as key tools in guiding optimal dosing regimens. Furthermore, PK/PD analysis and modeling of antimicrobial therapy are important for informing dosage regimen selection, particularly in community medicine or critical situations where the pathogen or its susceptibility is unknown.

This Special Issue aims to provide readers with an understanding of how contemporary tools can guide the optimization of antimicrobial therapy. Research areas may include, but are not limited to, the following: special populations such as pediatrics, those who are critically ill, or the elderly, and treatments related to multidrug-resistant pathogens and clinical practice in humans or animals.

Dr. Hinojal Zazo
Dr. Amelia Ramon-Lopez
Dr. José Germán Sánchez-Hernández
Dr. Arantxa Isla
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • antimicrobial
  • antibacterial
  • antibiotics
  • antifungal
  • pharmacokinetics
  • pharmacodynamics
  • PK/PD
  • MIPD
  • drug monitoring
  • TDM
  • gentamicin
  • vancomycin
  • meropenem
  • daptomycin

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 767 KB  
Article
Oritavancin Multiple Dosing for Complex Infections: A Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Simulation Study
by Ana Alarcia-Lacalle, Miguel Ángel Morán-Rodríguez, Laura Morata, Arantxa Isla, Andrés Canut-Blasco and Alicia Rodríguez-Gascón
Pharmaceutics 2026, 18(5), 628; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics18050628 - 20 May 2026
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Oritavancin therapy for complex infections remains challenging due to the lack of well-established dosing regimens. The objective of this work was to apply PK/PD modeling and Monte Carlo simulation considering different PK/PD targets to identify multiple-dosing regimens that may ensure effective concentrations [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Oritavancin therapy for complex infections remains challenging due to the lack of well-established dosing regimens. The objective of this work was to apply PK/PD modeling and Monte Carlo simulation considering different PK/PD targets to identify multiple-dosing regimens that may ensure effective concentrations of oritavancin for the treatment of long-term infections. Methods: Plasma concentration–time profiles were simulated for different regimens (single dose of 1200 mg, 1200 mg followed by 800 mg every 7 days (q7d), 1200 mg followed by 800 mg q10d, 1200 mg q7d, 1200 mg q10d, 1200 mg q14d, 1200 mg q21d, and 1200 mg followed by 1200 mg on day 8, then 1200 mg q14d), and the probability of target attainment (PTA), indicative of treatment success, was estimated. Results: All dosing regimens provided probabilities of target attainment of 100% up to MICs of 0.5 mg/L when AUC0–24/MIC and Cmax/MIC were applied. Considering AUC0–72/MIC, the regimens would be adequate up to an MIC of 0.125 mg/L. For fCmin > MIC, all except 1200 mg q21d were adequate for an MIC of 0.125 mg/L, and 1200 mg day 1 + 800 mg q7d and 1200 mg q10d may be useful to treat infections due to bacteria with an MIC of 0.25 mg/L. Conclusions: More studies involving patients with complex infections are needed to better stablish the relationships among plasma concentrations, MIC values, and clinical outcomes. fCmin > MIC should be investigated as a potential PK/PD target for the treatment of these infections with oritavancin. Full article
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