Uncommon Candida and Other Opportunistic Yeast-Like Fungi: Diagnosis and Treatment
A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Fungal Pathogens".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 December 2021) | Viewed by 36206
Special Issue Editor
Interests: clinical mycology; diagnostic microbiology; aspergillosis; candidemia; mucormycosis; fungal infections; filamentous fungi; infectious diseases
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Dear colleagues.
Despite therapeutic advances, invasive infections due to Candida spp. constitute the predominant group of hospital-based fungal infections worldwide. These infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients with serious underlying diseases such as hemato-oncological malignancies—especially immunocompromised patients.
The present trend of Candida infections shows that a large proportion of bloodstream infections are due to Candida species other than C. albicans, particularly among hematological, transplant, and intensive care unit patients. Candidemia caused by other uncommon species is less well known, and data have been reported only in small case series. However, these uncommon fungal species have emerged as a new health threat to hospitalized patients and are endemic in some areas. The widespread use of immunosuppressive therapies, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and antifungal prophylaxis have been associated with a continuous shift from C. albicans to various non-albicans Candida spp. during the past two decades, and may further increase the role of Candida species as the causative pathogens among high-risk patients. C. auris has emerged globally as a multidrug-resistant health-care-associated fungal pathogen. Recent reports highlight ongoing challenges due to the diagnosis and treatment related to high rates of antifungal drug resistance, and significant patient mortality. Other non-albicans Candida species are increasingly being isolated, and the use of antifungal drugs such as azoles for prophylaxis and echinocandins that are being used more frequently among high-risk populations have been associated with a continuous shift from C. albicans to various non-albicans Candida spp. during the past two decades. Moreover, uncommon Candida spp. have emerged as causes of nosocomial bloodstream infections. Those isolates commonly exhibit decreased in vitro susceptibility to antifungal agents.
Invasive infections due to rare yeast-like fungi such as Trichosporon and Geotrichum constitute emerging but poorly investigated conditions. Because most institutions have had limited experience with infections caused by uncommon Candida and other opportunistic yeast-like fungi, we encourage further studies on challenges in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the cases caused by these pathogens.
We look forward to your contribution.
Dr. Saad Taj-Aldeen
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- yeast-like fungi
- Trichosporon
- Geotrichum
- infectious disease
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