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Metals
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Computational Advanced Metallic Materials Processing
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Computational Advanced Metallic Materials Processing

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 28604

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Dong-Kyu Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Ulsan University, Ulsan, South Korea
Interests: manufacturing; metal forming; simulation; modeling; microstructure

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sustainable manufacturing is the notion of new research directions and initiatives in the automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding, defense, power plant, offshore plant industries, and so on. The utilization of proper simulation tools is indispensable in the pursuit of sustainable manufacturing. Furthermore, modeling and simulation of materials behavior are of great importance to understand and tailor microstructure and texture evolution during the manufacturing process conditions. Various research topics involved with sustainable materials processing are of interest: i) innovative manufacturing with CAE; ii) development and application of metal forming simulation technique; iii) multiscale microstructure-based material modeling.

Prof. Dr. Dong-Kyu Kim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Manufacturing
  • metal forming
  • simulation
  • modeling
  • microstructure

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 26110 KiB  
Article
Predicting High Temperature Flow Stress of Nickel Alloy A230 Based on an Artificial Neural Network
by In Yong Moon, Hi Won Jeong, Ho Won Lee, Se-Jong Kim, Young-Seok Oh, Jaimyun Jung, Sehyeok Oh and Seong-Hoon Kang
Metals 2022, 12(2), 223; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12020223 - 25 Jan 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4135
Abstract
The high-temperature deformation behavior of metals and alloys undergoes complex mechanisms depending on the deformation conditions. The microstructure and mechanical properties after deformation are important factors that determine the strength and durability of the final product. Therefore, many studies to predict the microstructure [...] Read more.
The high-temperature deformation behavior of metals and alloys undergoes complex mechanisms depending on the deformation conditions. The microstructure and mechanical properties after deformation are important factors that determine the strength and durability of the final product. Therefore, many studies to predict the microstructure and mechanical properties have been conducted. In this regard, numerous mathematical approaches for predicting microstructure and flow stress have been proposed over the past half century. Accordingly, many advances have been made in the field of material science. Nevertheless, there are limitations in the mathematical modeling method as there is a complex relationship between the deformation conditions and the mechanical properties. Therefore, in this study, flow stress prediction was performed by applying conventional constitutive equation and artificial intelligence technology, which is known to be effective in modeling complex relationships. As a result, it was confirmed that the flow stresses modeled by the artificial neural network showed a higher accuracy than the flow stresses modeled by the conventional Arrhenius hyperbolic sine equation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Advanced Metallic Materials Processing)
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11 pages, 9250 KiB  
Article
Die Design for Extrusion Process of Titanium Seamless Tube Using Finite Element Analysis
by Byung-Jin Choi, In Yong Moon, Young-Seok Oh, Seong-Hoon Kang, Se-Jong Kim, Jaimyun Jung, Ji-Hoon Kim, Dong-Kyu Kim and Ho Won Lee
Metals 2021, 11(9), 1338; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11091338 - 25 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5709
Abstract
In this paper, the extrusion process of titanium seamless tubes was studied using several finite element (FE) analyses. First, the finite element result was compared with experimental extrusion data acquired to validate the current analysis. Then, the effect of design parameters of the [...] Read more.
In this paper, the extrusion process of titanium seamless tubes was studied using several finite element (FE) analyses. First, the finite element result was compared with experimental extrusion data acquired to validate the current analysis. Then, the effect of design parameters of the die shape was numerically analyzed using commercial FE software, Forge NxT, for the metal forming process. Elastic FE analyses were also conducted for dies to analyze the maximum principal stress that affects the early fracture of dies during the extrusion process and the maximum von Mises stress that causes the severe deformation of dies. Consequently, the effect of the corner radius at the exit and land length on the extrusion load and die stress is negligible compared to that of the corner radius at the entrance and die angle. Finally, we suggested a die angle of 60° and a corner radius at the die entrance between 10 and 15 mm as an optimal design for the current extrusion process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Advanced Metallic Materials Processing)
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19 pages, 10338 KiB  
Article
Ground Structures-Based Topology Optimization of a Morphing Wing Using a Metaheuristic Algorithm
by Seksan Winyangkul, Kittinan Wansaseub, Suwin Sleesongsom, Natee Panagant, Sumit Kumar, Sujin Bureerat and Nantiwat Pholdee
Metals 2021, 11(8), 1311; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11081311 - 19 Aug 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3800
Abstract
This paper presents multi-objective topology and sizing optimization of a morphing wing structure. The purpose of this paper is to design a new aircraft wing structure with a tapered shape for ribs, spars, and skins including a torsion beam for external actuating torques, [...] Read more.
This paper presents multi-objective topology and sizing optimization of a morphing wing structure. The purpose of this paper is to design a new aircraft wing structure with a tapered shape for ribs, spars, and skins including a torsion beam for external actuating torques, which is anticipated to modify the aeroelastic characteristic of the aircraft wing using multi-objective optimization. Two multi-objective topology optimization problems are proposed employing ground element structures with high- and low-grid resolutions. The design problem is to minimize mass, maximize difference of lift effectiveness, and maximize the buckling factor of an aircraft wing subject to aeroelastic and structural constraints including lift effectiveness, critical speed, and buckling factors. The design variables include aircraft wing structure dimensions and thickness distribution. The proposed optimization problems are solved by an efficient multi-objective metaheuristic algorithm while the results are compared and discussed. The Pareto optimal fronts obtained for all tests were compared based on a hypervolume metric. The objective function values for Case I and Case II at 10 selected optimal solutions exhibit a range of structural mass as 115.3216–411.6250 kg, 125.0137–440.5869 kg, lift effectiveness as 1.0514–1.1451, 1.0834–1.1639 and bucking factor as 38.895–1133.1864 Hz, 158.1264–1844.4355 Hz, respectively. The best results reveal unconventional aircraft wing structures that can be manufactured using additive manufacturing. This research is expected to serve as a foundation for future research into multi-objective topology optimization of morphing wing structures based on the ground element framework. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Advanced Metallic Materials Processing)
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13 pages, 11291 KiB  
Article
Design of a Forming Process for Increasing the Contact Length of Corrugated Plates in Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells
by Young-Seok Oh, In Yong Moon, Ho Won Lee, Se-Jong Kim, Jaimyun Jung and Seong-Hoon Kang
Metals 2021, 11(7), 1112; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11071112 - 12 Jul 2021
Viewed by 2177
Abstract
In molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) systems, it is known that the shape of corrugated plates has a significant influence on performance, durability, and cost. A corrugated plate with a repeating open trapezoidal-shaped slot supports membrane electrode assembly and provides a gas flow [...] Read more.
In molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) systems, it is known that the shape of corrugated plates has a significant influence on performance, durability, and cost. A corrugated plate with a repeating open trapezoidal-shaped slot supports membrane electrode assembly and provides a gas flow channel. To increase the efficiency of the MCFC, the slot between the corrugated and center plates has a relatively large contact length. However, increasing the contact length of the slot increases the risk of necking or fracture generation at the corner of the slot. Therefore, we focus on the development of forming technology of corrugated plate which has large contact length of slots without any necking or fracture. To this end, numerical simulation was conducted to determine the appropriate process and tool design. In the simulation, to capture shear fracture during the forming process of slots, the normalized Cockroft–Latham ductile fracture model was used. The critical value for slitting and fracture was evaluated by comparing the deformed shapes in the slitting plane obtained from experimental and simulation results. Based on simulation results, a reasonable design concept of the two-stage forming process was suggested to increase the contact length of the slot without necking or fracture. In addition, the experiment results confirmed the validity of the proposed forming process and tool design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Advanced Metallic Materials Processing)
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14 pages, 8074 KiB  
Article
Novel Tensile Test Jig and Mechanical Properties of WC-Co Synthesized by SHIP and HIP Process
by A-Ra Jo, Ji-Seob An, Sun-Hyung Kim, Myeong-Sik Jeong, Young-Hoon Moon and Sun-Kwang Hwang
Metals 2021, 11(6), 884; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11060884 - 28 May 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5648
Abstract
Tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) alloys have various mechanical properties according to their Co content and manufacturing method. High-strength materials such as WC-Co alloys are usually manufactured using various sintering methods. In this study, WC-Co was compared according to the Co content and manufacturing method [...] Read more.
Tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) alloys have various mechanical properties according to their Co content and manufacturing method. High-strength materials such as WC-Co alloys are usually manufactured using various sintering methods. In this study, WC-Co was compared according to the Co content and manufacturing method using the sinter-hot isostatic pressing process. Furthermore, an additional test was performed to investigate the effect of post-hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment on the mechanical properties. To compare tensile strength, threaded end and shoulder end specimens are generally applied in axial tensile testing with hard metals. However, it is extremely difficult to shape WC-Co by machining. A tensile testing jig for a shoulder end specimen is, therefore, proposed. Tensile tests were conducted using the proposed jig, and microstructure, hardness, and impact tests were carried out to compare the mechanical properties. The microstructure evolution was obtained by decreasing the Co content and applying the HIP treatment, resulting in changes in Young’s modulus and strength. The results indicated that the proposed jig of the axial tensile test could be applied to the extremely hard WC-Co, and the mechanical properties of WC-Co could be modified by the Co content and HIP treatment control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Advanced Metallic Materials Processing)
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23 pages, 15320 KiB  
Article
Earing Reduction by Varying Blank Holding Force in Deep Drawing with Deep Neural Network
by Minh Tien Tran, Zhengtong Shan, Ho Won Lee and Dong-Kyu Kim
Metals 2021, 11(3), 395; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11030395 - 28 Feb 2021
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 5904
Abstract
In the present study, we propose a novel method of varying blank holding force (BHF) with the segmental blank holder and investigated its influence on the earing reduction in the circular deep drawing process of an aluminum alloy sheet. Based on the analysis [...] Read more.
In the present study, we propose a novel method of varying blank holding force (BHF) with the segmental blank holder and investigated its influence on the earing reduction in the circular deep drawing process of an aluminum alloy sheet. Based on the analysis of cup height profile, the principle of varying BHF using segmental blank holder was presented and analyzed by analytical theory and numerical simulation. The optimal varying BHF was reasonably determined and compared by using the analytical model and deep neural network (DNN) model integrated with genetic algorithm (GA). The integrated DNN-GA model revealed an accurate prediction and optimization of varying BHF for the minimum earing height variation, which showed a superior result to the analytical model. The optimal varying BHF exhibited a significant influence on the earing formation, resulting in the noticeable decrease of earing height variation. For volume consistency, it was found that an increase in thickness at the cup wall region predicted with the optimal varying BHF was achieved in the transverse direction, which implies an improvement of deep-drawability. Such results indicate that the varying BHF is more reasonable and effective than the uniform BHF. Furthermore, the material properties of the blank sheet also affected the reduction of earing in the deep drawing with varying BHF. The present study revealed that the lower the material strength, the more significant the earing reduction in the deep drawing with varying BHF will be. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Advanced Metallic Materials Processing)
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