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Marine Drugs
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Marine Microbial Diversity as Source of Bioactive Compounds - Part...
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Marine Microbial Diversity as Source of Bioactive Compounds - Part II

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Biotechnology Related to Drug Discovery or Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 5845

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Khaled A. Shaaban

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
Interests: natural products chemistry; lead/probe discovery and development; infectious disease; antibiotics and anticancer; chromatography; NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry; complex NP structure elucidation; biosynthesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Mohamed Shaaban

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St. 33, Dokki-Cairo 12622, Egypt
Interests: bioactive drugs; natural products; structure elucidation; marine and terrestrial sources; seaweeds; endophytes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The marine environment is an enormous pool of biodiversity resources that cover approximately 70% surface of the Earth by oceans and seas, which are massively complex and consist of diverse assemblages of life forms. Marine microorganisms have unique properties since they have to adapt to extreme marine environments condition. These drastic habitats enable them to be survived to produce compounds that might not be produced by their terrestrial counterparts. Marine microorganisms are accordingly a treasure trove for the discovery of novel natural products, and, thus, marine microbial natural products have been a focus of interest for researchers for decades. In the last few decades, the systematic investigations of marine-derived microorganisms as sources of novel biologically active agents have exponentially increased.

As a continuation of our previous Special Issue, the present Special Issue will focus on aspects relating to new bioactive metabolites from marine microbes. Comprehensive topical review articles relating to marine metabolites will also be considered.

Dr. Khaled A. Shaaban
Prof. Dr. Mohamed Shaaban
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Marine Drugs is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • natural products discovery
  • marine microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, microalgae, etc.)
  • marine endophytes
  • taxonomy
  • fermentation
  • secondary metabolites
  • extraction, isolation, purification and structure elucidation
  • biological activities (anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, etc.)
  • biosynthesis

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 4913 KiB  
Article
Functional Characterization of Lycopene β- and ε-Cyclases from a Lutein-Enriched Green Microalga Chlorella sorokiniana FZU60
by Hong Fang, Junjie Liu, Ruijuan Ma, Yiping Zou, Shih-Hsin Ho, Jianfeng Chen and Youping Xie
Mar. Drugs 2023, 21(7), 418; https://doi.org/10.3390/md21070418 - 23 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1567
Abstract
Lutein is a high-value carotenoid with many human health benefits. Lycopene β- and ε-cyclases (LCYB and LCYE, respectively) catalyze the cyclization of lycopene into distinct downstream branches, one of which is the lutein biosynthesis pathway, via α-carotene. Hence, LCYB and LCYE are key [...] Read more.
Lutein is a high-value carotenoid with many human health benefits. Lycopene β- and ε-cyclases (LCYB and LCYE, respectively) catalyze the cyclization of lycopene into distinct downstream branches, one of which is the lutein biosynthesis pathway, via α-carotene. Hence, LCYB and LCYE are key enzymes in lutein biosynthesis. In this study, the coding genes of two lycopene cyclases (CsLCYB and CsLCYE) of a lutein-enriched marine green microalga, Chlorella sorokiniana FZU60, were isolated and identified. A sequence analysis and computational modeling of CsLCYB and CsLCYE were performed using bioinformatics to identify the key structural domains. Further, a phylogenetic analysis revealed that CsLCYB and CsLCYE were homogeneous to the proteins of other green microalgae. Subcellular localization tests in Nicotiana benthamiana showed that CsLCYB and CsLCYE localized in chloroplasts. A pigment complementation assay in Escherichia coli revealed that CsLCYB could efficiently β-cyclize both ends of lycopene to produce β-carotene. On the other hand, CsLCYE possessed a strong ε-monocyclase activity for the production of δ-carotene and a weak ε-bicyclic activity for the production of ε-carotene. In addition, CsLCYE was able to catalyze lycopene into β-monocyclic γ-carotene and ultimately produced α-carotene with a β-ring and an ε-ring via γ-carotene or δ-carotene. Moreover, the co-expression of CsLCYB and CsLCYE in E. coli revealed that α-carotene was a major product, which might lead to the production of a high level of lutein in C. sorokiniana FZU60. The findings provide a theoretical foundation for performing metabolic engineering to improve lutein biosynthesis and accumulation in C. sorokiniana FZU60. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Microbial Diversity as Source of Bioactive Compounds - Part II)
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19 pages, 7388 KiB  
Article
Isolation, Structure Elucidation, and First Total Synthesis of Quinomycins K and L, Two New Octadepsipeptides from the Maowei Sea Mangrove-Derived Streptomyces sp. B475
by Qinpei Lu, Gang Wu, Xiaomeng Hao, Xinxin Hu, Hao Cai, Xiujun Liu, Xuefu You, Hongwei Guo and Chenghang Sun
Mar. Drugs 2023, 21(3), 143; https://doi.org/10.3390/md21030143 - 23 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1746
Abstract
Mangrove actinomycetia have been proven to be one of the promising sources for discovering novel bioactive natural products. Quinomycins K (1) and L (2), two rare quinomycin-type octadepsipeptides without intra-peptide disulfide or thioacetal bridges, were investigated from the Maowei [...] Read more.
Mangrove actinomycetia have been proven to be one of the promising sources for discovering novel bioactive natural products. Quinomycins K (1) and L (2), two rare quinomycin-type octadepsipeptides without intra-peptide disulfide or thioacetal bridges, were investigated from the Maowei Sea mangrove-derived Streptomyces sp. B475. Their chemical structures, including the absolute configurations of their amino acids, were elucidated by a combination of NMR and tandem MS analysis, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation, advanced Marfey’s method, and further unequivocally confirmed by the first total synthesis. The two compounds displayed no potent antibacterial activity against 37 bacterial pathogens and had no significant cytotoxic activity against H460 lung cancer cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Microbial Diversity as Source of Bioactive Compounds - Part II)
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Review

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18 pages, 3807 KiB  
Review
Natural Products and Pharmacological Properties of Symbiotic Bacillota (Firmicutes) of Marine Macroalgae
by Uche M. Chukwudulue, Natalia Barger, Michael Dubovis and Tal Luzzatto Knaan
Mar. Drugs 2023, 21(11), 569; https://doi.org/10.3390/md21110569 - 30 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1846
Abstract
The shift from the terrestrial to the marine environment to discover natural products has given rise to novel bioactive compounds, some of which have been approved for human medicine. However, the ocean, which makes up nearly three-quarters of the Earth’s surface, contains macro- [...] Read more.
The shift from the terrestrial to the marine environment to discover natural products has given rise to novel bioactive compounds, some of which have been approved for human medicine. However, the ocean, which makes up nearly three-quarters of the Earth’s surface, contains macro- and microorganisms whose natural products are yet to be explored. Among these underexplored marine organisms are macroalgae and their symbiotic microbes, such as Bacillota, a phylum of mostly Gram-positive bacteria previously known as Firmicutes. Macroalgae-associated Bacillota often produce chemical compounds that protect them and their hosts from competitive and harmful rivals. Here, we summarised the natural products made by macroalgae-associated Bacillota and their pharmacological properties. We discovered that these Bacillota are efficient producers of novel biologically active molecules. However, only a few macroalgae had been investigated for chemical constituents of their Bacillota: nine brown, five red and one green algae. Thus, Bacillota, especially from the marine habitat, should be investigated for potential pharmaceutical leads. Moreover, additional diverse biological assays for the isolated molecules of macroalgae Bacillota should be implemented to expand their bioactivity profiles, as only antibacterial properties were tested for most compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Microbial Diversity as Source of Bioactive Compounds - Part II)
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