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Redox Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress in Human Metabolism and Disease: 3rd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 1628

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jarosław Nuszkiewicz

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Guest Editor
Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Interests: oxidative stress; redox homeostasis; antioxidants; mitochondria; metabolic disorders; inflammation; medical biochemistry; oncology; neurodegenerative diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Alina Woźniak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Interests: reactive oxygen species; oxidative stress; antioxidants; lipid peroxidation; exercise biochemistry; cryostimulation; parasitology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Redox homeostasis plays a fundamental role in maintaining the integrity of human metabolism by ensuring proper cellular signaling, defense, and adaptation to physiological and environmental challenges. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) act not only as potentially harmful oxidants but also as crucial signaling mediators that regulate gene expression, enzyme activity, and metabolic communication. When the delicate redox balance is disturbed, oxidative stress arises, contributing to the onset and progression of a wide range of human diseases, including metabolic, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and neoplastic disorders.

This Special Issue aims to provide an open platform for the dissemination of high-quality research exploring molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying redox regulation and oxidative stress in human physiology and pathology.

We warmly invite the submission of original research articles and comprehensive review papers addressing various aspects of redox biology, oxidative stress, and their relevance to human health and disease. Contributions dealing with redox signaling pathways, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum crosstalk, oxidative stress biomarkers, and antioxidant or redox-modulating therapeutic approaches are particularly welcome.

Suggested topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Molecular mechanisms of redox homeostasis and oxidative stress;
  • Crosstalk between redox balance, metabolism, and inflammation;
  • ROS/RNS signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction in human diseases;
  • Oxidative stress in metabolic, neurodegenerative, and neoplastic disorders;
  • Biomarkers and experimental models of oxidative stress;
  • Antioxidant defense mechanisms and pharmacological modulation;
  • Translational and clinical studies on redox-targeted therapies.

We look forward to receiving your valuable contributions to this Special Issue.

Dr. Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
Prof. Dr. Alina Woźniak
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • redox homeostasis
  • reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • redox signaling
  • antioxidants and defense mechanisms
  • metabolic regulation
  • inflammation and redox imbalance
  • mitochondrial dysfunction
  • biomarkers of oxidative stress
  • therapeutic redox modulation

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Related Special Issues

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 6628 KB  
Article
Mechanisms of Programmed Cell Death in Sodium Iodate-Driven Retinal Degeneration and the Role of DJ-1
by Mala Upadhyay, Caroline Milliner and Vera L. Bonilha
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(6), 2541; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062541 - 10 Mar 2026
Viewed by 170
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced RPE cell death is a major cause of AMD pathogenesis. However, the exact modes of oxidative stress-driven retinal death remain elusive. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the role of DJ-1, an antioxidant protein we previously characterized in the retina, [...] Read more.
Oxidative stress-induced RPE cell death is a major cause of AMD pathogenesis. However, the exact modes of oxidative stress-driven retinal death remain elusive. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the role of DJ-1, an antioxidant protein we previously characterized in the retina, in cell death regulation. Specifically, we analyzed cell death pathways in the retinas of DJ-1 knockout (KO) mice, with or without sodium iodate (NaIO3) injection. We quantified MAPK signaling protein activation by Western blot. The distribution of the cell death executioners, activated caspase 3, and pMLKL, was investigated. The effects of caspase and necroptosis inhibitors in mice previously injected with NaIO3 were determined. Significant increases in JNK1/2 activation and FOXO1 levels were detected in RPE lysates when DJ-1 KO mice were injected with 10 mg/kg NaIO3. The immunoreactivity of active caspase-3 and pMLKL was stronger in the retinas of DJ-1 KO compared with C57BL mice. These immunoreactivities further increased in the degenerating outer retina post NaIO3 injection and were stronger in the retina of DJ-1 KO compared with C57BL mice at both doses of NaIO3. ZVAD treatment rescued retinal degeneration to varying degrees in DJ-1 KO mice. However, necrostatin (Nec-1) alleviated retinal degeneration in both DJ-1 KO and C57BL mice, suggesting that apoptosis is a major cell death modality in the absence of DJ-1. Overall, oxidative stress-induced RPE and retinal cell death involve activation of both apoptosis and necroptosis in the absence of DJ-1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Redox Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress in Human Metabolism and Disease: 3rd Edition)
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16 pages, 749 KB  
Article
Salivary Antioxidant and Peroxidase Activity as a Marker of Steroid Hormone Receptor Expression in Breast Cancer
by Elena A. Sarf and Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(2), 587; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020587 - 6 Jan 2026
Viewed by 309
Abstract
The growth and development of breast cancer are accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress. A close relationship is known to exist between the biological activity of several antioxidant enzymes and the regulation of estrogen-mediated signaling in breast cancer. The aim of this [...] Read more.
The growth and development of breast cancer are accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress. A close relationship is known to exist between the biological activity of several antioxidant enzymes and the regulation of estrogen-mediated signaling in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to study the activity of salivary antioxidant enzymes and the level of lipid peroxidation products in breast cancer before and after surgical treatment. The study included 115 patients with breast cancer (58.7 ± 10.9 years) and 60 healthy volunteers (51.8 ± 12.1 years). Saliva samples were obtained again from 53 patients 4 weeks after surgery. The content of lipid peroxidation products, catalase activity, total antioxidant activity (AOA) and total peroxidase activity (TPA) in saliva were analyzed before and after breast cancer surgery. An increase in lipid peroxidation products in saliva was observed with positive estrogen receptor expression. For the first time, it was shown that in patients with breast cancer, the levels of salivary TPA and AOA increased, which is likely due to the important role of the salivary glands in antioxidant protection. It can be speculated that the effectiveness of antioxidant defense was associated with estrogen and progesterone receptor expression and was reduced in prognostically unfavorable breast cancer phenotypes (non-luminal and triple-negative breast cancer). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Redox Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress in Human Metabolism and Disease: 3rd Edition)
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Review

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24 pages, 2061 KB  
Review
The Impact of Chronic Stress on Treatment Outcomes of Cancer Patients with Divergent Survival Rates: A Systematic Review
by Katarzyna Herbetko, Justyna Kaczor, Adam Sołtyk, Monika Kisielewska, Marcel Opęchowski, Aleksandra Sztuder and Julita Kulbacka
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(2), 686; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020686 - 9 Jan 2026
Viewed by 873
Abstract
This systematic review investigates the impact of chronic stress on treatment outcomes among cancer patients with divergent survival rates, focusing on breast, prostate, pancreatic, and ovarian cancers. The analysis explores how chronic stress influences molecular pathways and tumor progression while comparing cancers with [...] Read more.
This systematic review investigates the impact of chronic stress on treatment outcomes among cancer patients with divergent survival rates, focusing on breast, prostate, pancreatic, and ovarian cancers. The analysis explores how chronic stress influences molecular pathways and tumor progression while comparing cancers with five-year survival rates above and below 50%. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus for studies published between 2014 and 2025 using combinations of keywords related to “chronic stress,” “psychological stress,” “psychotherapy,” and selected cancer types. All studies met the inclusion criteria according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Evidence suggests that chronic stress is associated with the activation of neuroendocrine and immune mechanisms, including β-adrenergic and glucocorticoid signaling. These multifactorial processes are associated with disease progression and survival, particularly in pancreatic and ovarian cancers; however, these links remain primarily associative rather than causative. Conversely, psychotherapeutic interventions alleviate stress-related biological responses, improve quality of life, and may indirectly enhance therapeutic efficacy. By structuring the evidence around cancers with higher versus lower five-year survival, our review provides a survival informed synthesis of cancer type specific stress biology and stress-mitigating interventions, highlighting potentially targetable pathways and clear evidence gaps for future trials. The findings underscore the need to integrate psychological care into oncological practice to improve overall outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Redox Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress in Human Metabolism and Disease: 3rd Edition)
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