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Redox Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress in Human Metabolism and Disease:2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2025 | Viewed by 1198

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Interests: reactive oxygen species; oxidative stress; antioxidants; lipid peroxidation; exercise biochemistry; cryostimulation; parasitology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Interests: reactive oxygen species; oxidative stress; antioxidants; oncology; metabolic diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The finely tuned equilibrium of redox reactions forms the bedrock of many cellular functions underlying key metabolic processes and influencing the health of tissues and organs. This balance, critical for cell functionality, is frequently compromised in a myriad of diseases, including metabolic disorders, degenerative conditions and various other pathophysiological states. Perturbations in redox homeostasis often result from an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant response mechanisms. At physiological levels, ROS serve as pivotal signaling molecules in a wide range of metabolic activities. However, excessive ROS accumulation can deleteriously perturb metabolic functions, instigating a diseased state and accelerating its progression. Furthermore, the intimate relationship between redox dynamics and human metabolism becomes even more complex when considering the influence of exogenous factors. These agents, in varied concentrations, can either maintain a redox equilibrium, thereby aiding metabolic function, or disrupt it, exacerbating oxidative stress. A deeper grasp of these multifaceted interactions is crucial not only for understanding disease etiology, but also devising innovative therapeutic interventions and preventive measures.

In this vein, this Special Issue invites submissions of original research articles that shed light on the intricate dance of redox signaling within metabolic contexts, both in health and disease. Articles highlighting the potential therapeutic strategies targeting redox imbalances in metabolic disorders are particularly encouraged. Additionally, comprehensive review articles that evaluate and dissect the current knowledge landscape pertaining to the theme are most welcome.

Prof. Dr. Alina Woźniak
Dr. Jaroslaw Nuszkiewicz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • antioxidants
  • biomarkers
  • cellular functions
  • disease etiology
  • disease progression
  • metabolic disorders
  • metabolic signaling
  • oxidative stress
  • pathophysiological states
  • reactive oxygen species
  • redox homeostasis
  • redox signaling

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

21 pages, 542 KiB  
Review
Antioxidant Therapies as Emerging Adjuncts in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Targeting Oxidative Stress to Enhance Treatment Outcomes
by Rafał Bilski and Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(7), 2873; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26072873 - 21 Mar 2025
Viewed by 596
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent inflammation and progressive joint destruction. Recent data underscore oxidative stress as a primary factor in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis, intensifying inflammatory processes and tissue damage via the overproduction of reactive oxygen [...] Read more.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent inflammation and progressive joint destruction. Recent data underscore oxidative stress as a primary factor in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis, intensifying inflammatory processes and tissue damage via the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and compromised antioxidant defenses. Current therapies, including disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), primarily target immune dysregulation but fail to address oxidative stress, necessitating novel adjunctive treatment strategies. This review explores the potential of antioxidant-based therapies as complementary approaches to RA management. Natural compounds such as curcumin, resveratrol, sulforaphane, and propolis exhibit strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties by modulating redox-sensitive pathways, including nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase (HO-1). N-acetylcysteine (NAC) replenishes intracellular glutathione, enhancing cellular resilience against oxidative stress. Additionally, molecular hydrogen (H2) selectively neutralizes harmful ROS, reducing oxidative damage and inflammation. The role of vitamin supplementation (D, B12, C, and K) in regulating immune responses and protecting joint structures is also discussed. This review aims to evaluate the efficacy and potential clinical applications of antioxidant therapies in RA, emphasizing their role in mitigating oxidative damage and improving treatment outcomes. While preliminary findings are promising, further clinical trials are needed to establish standardized dosing, long-term safety, and their integration into current RA treatment protocols. Full article
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