Advanced Research and Development of Carbohydrate from Foods—2nd Edition

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Physics and (Bio)Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 2299

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Interests: polysaccharide; starch; jujube; NMR; polymer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling China
Interests: polysaccharide; structure; anti-inflammatory, immunologic activity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Volume I of this Special Issue (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/foods/special_issues/4VJ314KNNI) was a great success and gained the attention and interest of many scholars. Here, I take the opportunity to thank them for their contributions and support. As the topic continues to gain the attention of scholars and play a pivotal role, we are looking forward to the launch of Volume II. I hope it will be as successful as Volume I and of benefit to the field.

Carbohydrate polymers with unique macromolecular properties and novel applications are essential in all aspects of life. Carbohydrates from foods have been widely recognized as important polymers and as the most abundant and diverse class of organic compounds in nature, including cellulose, pectin, mannans, starch, inulin, fructans, guaran, glycogen, and plant gums. Recently, carbohydrate polymers from foods have demonstrated tremendous progress in several different industries. Understanding the structures and networks of carbohydrate polymers with various functional properties, as well as functional foods for which polymers are used, helps with new product design.

Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue, titled “Advanced Research and Development of Carbohydrate from Foods—2nd Edition”, is to cover a broad spectrum of original research and review-based contributions on carbohydrate polymers. We invite authors to contribute original research articles, as well as review articles, on advances in the study and exploitation of carbohydrate polymers, which have current or potential applications in functional foods or nutraceuticals.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Novel extracted and isolated techniques for carbohydrates;
  • Chemical and physical modifications of carbohydrates;
  • Physicochemical properties, structures, bioactivity, structure–property relationships, and structure–bioactivity relationships of carbohydrates;
  • Recent developments in the analytical methodologies of carbohydrates;
  • The functional activity mechanisms of carbohydrates;
  • Bio-based carbohydrate nanomaterials;
  • The application of carbohydrates to foods, nutraceuticals, or other products.

Dr. Xiaolong Ji
Dr. Xin Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polysaccharide
  • starch
  • natural, synthetic, and modified polymers
  • physicochemical properties
  • analytical methodologies
  • structure
  • functional properties
  • nutrition and bioactivities
  • structure–bioactivity relationship
  • preparation and processing techniques
  • application

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1973 KiB  
Article
Structural Characteristics, Gelling Properties, In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Immunomodulatory Effects of Rhamnogalacturonan-I Rich Pectic Polysaccharides Alkaline-Extracted from Wax Apple (Syzygium samarangense)
by Yue Lu, Siyu He, Zifan Zhao, Changxin Liu, Ye Lei, Mingyu Liu, Qing Zhang, Derong Lin, Yaowen Liu, Shang Lin, Xuesong Lu and Wen Qin
Foods 2025, 14(7), 1227; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14071227 - 31 Mar 2025
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Abstract
To upgrade the utilization of Syzygium samarangense in food industries, the key biological component, i.e., polysaccharide, was extracted from the fruit by alkaline treatment, and its structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, gelling properties and biological activities were investigated. The findings demonstrated that the alkaline-extracted [...] Read more.
To upgrade the utilization of Syzygium samarangense in food industries, the key biological component, i.e., polysaccharide, was extracted from the fruit by alkaline treatment, and its structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, gelling properties and biological activities were investigated. The findings demonstrated that the alkaline-extracted S. samarangense polysaccharide (SSP-AK) predominantly exists as a pectic polysaccharide with a high rhamnogalacturonan-I domain. The monosaccharide composition primarily includes rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose. The molecular weight distribution of SSP-AK was characterized by two peaks, with fraction 1 exhibiting a high molecular weight of 7658 kDa and fraction 2 exhibiting a molecular weight of 345.3 kDa. Meanwhile, SSP-AK exhibited excellent rheological behavior and gelling properties upon Ca2+-induced gelation, which may be related to its relatively low degree of esterification of 41.3%. Further studies revealed that higher concentrations of pectin and Ca2+ led to the formation of stronger gels. The SSP-AK gels exhibited superior rheological properties, increased hardness, enhanced water-holding capacity, and a more compact network structure than the other gels. Moreover, SSP-AK exhibited significant in vitro antioxidant activity and immunomodulatory effects, including significantly enhancing the DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging abilities and production of NO, IL-6, and TNF-α in RAW264.7 cell models. This study enhances the understanding of S. samarangense cell wall polysaccharides and may facilitate their application in the development of functional and health-oriented food products. Full article
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24 pages, 1728 KiB  
Article
Selenium Nanoparticles Derived from Moringa oleifera Lam. Polysaccharides: Construction, Stability, and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity
by Liang Tao, Chunhua Guan, Zilin Wang, Yue Wang, Quzheng Gesang, Jun Sheng, Jiahe Dai and Yang Tian
Foods 2025, 14(6), 918; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14060918 - 7 Mar 2025
Viewed by 685
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have drawn considerable attention to biomedicine, the food industry, and cosmetics due to their strong antioxidant potential and low toxicity. However, their poor stability limits broader applications. A promising strategy to overcome this limitation involves combining SeNPs with polysaccharides. In [...] Read more.
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have drawn considerable attention to biomedicine, the food industry, and cosmetics due to their strong antioxidant potential and low toxicity. However, their poor stability limits broader applications. A promising strategy to overcome this limitation involves combining SeNPs with polysaccharides. In this study, selenium nanoparticles (MOLP-SeNPs) were synthesized using Moringa oleifera Lam. polysaccharide (MOLP) as a stabilizer and dispersant within a redox system comprising sodium selenite and ascorbic acid. The structural characteristics of the synthesized MOLP-SeNPs were analyzed using spectroscopy. Additionally, their thermal and storage stability was evaluated, and their antioxidant activity was explored through simulated digestion in vitro and a HepG2 cell oxidative stress model. The results demonstrated that well-dispersed, zero-valent MOLP-SeNPs showing a mean particle size of 166.58 nm were synthesized successfully through an MOLP-to-sodium selenite ratio of 2.8:3 at pH 7.3 and 35 °C. The MOLP-SeNPs exhibited excellent stability during preparation. In simulated in vitro digestion and H2O2-induced oxidative stress experiments on HepG2 cells, MOLP-SeNPs displayed strong free radical scavenging capacity while improving antioxidant activity. Cellular experiments deeply revealed that pretreatment with MOLP-SeNPs significantly improved cell viability and provided a pronounced protective effect against oxidative damage. In conclusion, MOLP-SeNPs represent a novel antioxidant with promising applications in food and biomedicine. Full article
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Review

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16 pages, 2401 KiB  
Review
Lactic Acid Bacteria Exopolysaccharides Unveiling Multifaceted Insights from Structure to Application in Foods and Health Promotion
by Wei Liu, Yajun Wei, Rong Xiang, Bo Dong and Xi Yang
Foods 2025, 14(5), 823; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14050823 - 27 Feb 2025
Viewed by 999
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have garnered significant scientific interest due to their multifaceted roles in food technology and health promotion. This comprehensive review systematically examines the structural classification of LAB EPSs, emphasizing distinctions between homo-and heteropolysaccharides, as well as the influence [...] Read more.
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have garnered significant scientific interest due to their multifaceted roles in food technology and health promotion. This comprehensive review systematically examines the structural classification of LAB EPSs, emphasizing distinctions between homo-and heteropolysaccharides, as well as the influence of substituent groups (e. g., acetyl, phosphate) on their physicochemical and bioactive properties. Advanced isolation methodologies, including ethanol precipitation and ultrafiltration, coupled with characterization techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM), are vital for deciphering their chemical and physical characteristics. The biosynthesis pathway, governed by eps operons and modulated by environmental factors (e.g., carbon sources, Ca2+), are discussed as targets for genetic engineering to enhance yield and functionality. Functionally, LAB EPSs display antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, anti-viral, and anti-biofilm activities, with demonstrated applications as natural additives in the food industry, prebiotics, and drug delivery systems. Despite their potential, challenges such as cost-effective production and regulatory hurdles persist. Future research should prioritize the elucidation of molecular mechanisms, clinical validation of health claims, and sustainable bioprocessing innovations to fully harness the transformative potential of LAB EPSs across food, pharmaceutical, and agricultural industries. Full article
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