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Periodontal and Other Associated Oral Diseases: Diagnosis and Management in...
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Periodontal and Other Associated Oral Diseases: Diagnosis and Management in the Context of Systemic Pathology

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2024) | Viewed by 5423

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Silvia Martu

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Guest Editor
Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
Interests: periodontal disease; periimplantitis, periodontal diagnosis; point-of-care testing; periodontal disease treatment; interaction between periodontitis and systemic diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Liliana-Georgeta Foia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Dentoalveolar and Maxillofacial Surgery—Biochemistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
Interests: inflammation; biochemistry; laboratory biomarkers; metabolic diseases; cytokines; paraclinical diagnosis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maria Alexandra Mârțu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Dentistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
Interests: microbiome; immune system; host modulation; periodontal disease; adjunctive periodontal treatment; oral disease–systemic disease interface
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oral diseases, such as periodontal and peri-implant diseases, dental caries, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, oral leukoplakia, cancer, oral lichen planus, and other auto-immune diseases, that have manifestations in the oral cavity cause major health and social issues. In addition to the affected function, esthetics, and quality of life that these pathologies induce, there is also the significant economic burden that one must consider. Diagnosis for these pathologies can be difficult to navigate; however, recent developments in medicine (such as, but not limited to, improved radiological and non-invasive techniques, chair-side tests, biological, immunological and paraclinical tests) have expanded the knowledge base of these diseases.

Taking all this into account, non-invasive early diagnosis that can discriminate between health and pathology, and the possible systemic disease interactions and effects on the oral cavity and vice versa, is paramount for the correct assessment and management of patients. Moreover, the effectiveness of treatment and monitoring during the maintenance phase is a necessary step in appropriate disease management in the context of personalized medicine and patient-centered approach.

This Special Issue of Diagnostics and the Journal of Clinical Medicine aims to share recent advancements and knowledge of diagnosing periodontal and peri-implant and other oral diseases, along with methods of monitoring disease progression and treatment effectiveness. We cordially invite researchers to submit either original research or reviews in the areas including, but not limited to, oral diseases diagnosis and treatment, theoretical and clinical studies on new and established diagnostic methods, treatment effectiveness evaluation, systemic diseases and medication effects on the oral cavity, and new clinical treatment procedures and protocols.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in JCM.

Prof. Dr. Silvia Martu
Prof. Dr. Liliana-Georgeta Foia
Dr. Maria Alexandra Mârțu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • periodontitis
  • oral diseases
  • periimplantitis
  • biomarkers
  • cytokines
  • oxidative stress markers
  • PCR test
  • point-of-care test
  • CBCT
  • periodontal treatment
  • immunomodulatory therapy
  • local drug delivery

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 775 KiB  
Article
A Retrospective Study Regarding the Efficacy of Nuvola® OP Clear Aligners in Maxillary Arch Expansion in Adult Patients
by Sorana Maria Bucur, Radu Andrei Moga, Cristian Doru Olteanu, Eugen Silviu Bud and Alexandru Vlasa
Diagnostics 2025, 15(6), 738; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15060738 - 16 Mar 2025
Viewed by 728
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The study evaluated the effectiveness of Nuvola® OP aligners, combined with an interceptive myofunctional device, in achieving dental arch expansions over an 18–26-month treatment period. Methods: 54 patients (31 women and 23 men, aged between 18 and 48 years old) participated [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The study evaluated the effectiveness of Nuvola® OP aligners, combined with an interceptive myofunctional device, in achieving dental arch expansions over an 18–26-month treatment period. Methods: 54 patients (31 women and 23 men, aged between 18 and 48 years old) participated in the study. The inclusion criteria for the present research were optimal oral hygiene, no prior orthodontic treatments, and no systemic conditions affecting outcomes of the treatment. Linear measurements (D1, D2, D3, D4) were obtained from STL files of the dental arches before and after treatment using Carestream CSMODEL™ software 3.10.47. Statistical analysis included MANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and paired t-tests, following the Shapiro–Wilk test for data normality. Results: The treatment duration averaged 22.4 months. D1–D4 measurements means increased by 2.1 mm for D1, 2.37 mm for D2, 1.0 mm for D3, and 3.67 mm for D4. MANOVA results (p = 0.063) confirmed similar effects on all parameters, while Pearson’s correlation showed a weak positive association among distance changes. Conclusions: Nuvola® OP aligners, used with an interceptive myofunctional device, effectively improved arch parameters. The significant increases in D1–D4 mean values suggest that this approach might be beneficial for controlled dental arch expansion in adult patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal and Other Associated Oral Diseases: Diagnosis and Management in the Context of Systemic Pathology)
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16 pages, 5930 KiB  
Article
Expression of MMP-14 and CD147 in Gingival Tissue of Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus Type II
by Ionut Catalin Botezatu, Maria-Alexandra Martu, Laura Stoica, Ana Emanuela Botez, Pavel Onofrei, Cristina Daniela Dimitriu, Bogdan Vasile Grecu, Ionut Daniel Gafincu Grigoriu, Oana Ciurcanu, Carmen Solcan, Anca Ileana Sin and Elena-Carmen Cotrutz
Diagnostics 2025, 15(5), 609; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15050609 - 3 Mar 2025
Viewed by 697
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for the development of periodontal disease and aggravates the severity of periodontal conditions. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are known to degrade periodontal ligament attachment and bone matrix proteins. Increased expression of CD147 is associated with [...] Read more.
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for the development of periodontal disease and aggravates the severity of periodontal conditions. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are known to degrade periodontal ligament attachment and bone matrix proteins. Increased expression of CD147 is associated with increased synthesis of several MMPs, being a modulator of MMP expression, including that of MMP-14. The purpose of this study was to quantify and compare the expressions of MMP-14 and CD147 in gingival tissues of patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: In this histological study, we included 33 subjects with periodontal disease: 16 patients with type 2 DM (test group) and 17 systemically healthy patients (control group). Tissue fragments were processed using an immunohistochemistry technique to determine immunoreactivity (IR) intensity of MMP-14 and CD147. Results: In the group of diabetes patients with periodontitis, 56.2% showed weak positive expressions (+), while 43.8% had intensely positive expressions (+++) of MMP-14. Statistically significant differences between test and control groups (p = 0.004, p = 0.883, and p = 0.002) were found for the membranous IR intensity of MMP-14. In the group of diabetes patients with periodontitis, 56.2% had moderate positive expressions (++) of CD 147, while 43.8% showed intensely positive expressions (+++). Statistically significant differences between the test and control groups were found (p = 0.001, p = 0.002, and p = 0.003) for the membranous IR intensity of CD147. Conclusions: The significantly higher membranous IR intensity for MMP-14 and CD 147 demonstrates the role of these biomarkers in the development of periodontal pathology in diabetes patients. It can be assumed that MMP-14 and CD147 could be further investigated as potential predictive biomarkers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal and Other Associated Oral Diseases: Diagnosis and Management in the Context of Systemic Pathology)
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17 pages, 4141 KiB  
Article
Prevalence and Severity of Circumferential Alveolar Bone Loss Using CBCT Images: A Retrospective Study of 20,620 Surfaces of 5155 Teeth
by Sarhang Sarwat Gul
Diagnostics 2024, 14(5), 507; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14050507 - 27 Feb 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2078
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a site-specific disease affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth. It is useful for the clinician to have information about the prevalence and severity of alveolar bone loss (ABL) according to the site, location, and position of the teeth for [...] Read more.
Periodontal disease is a site-specific disease affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth. It is useful for the clinician to have information about the prevalence and severity of alveolar bone loss (ABL) according to the site, location, and position of the teeth for a better treatment plan and expected prognosis. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of ABL at mesial, distal, buccal and lingual sites of teeth in different locations, positions and sides of the dentition. The ABL of 20,620 sites of 5155 teeth in 212 patients was assessed using cone-beam computed tomography from the cemento-enamel junction to the crest of the alveolar bone. The prevalence of ABL was higher in the interproximal sites as well as anterior and mandibular teeth compared to their counterparts. Buccal sites and anterior teeth revealed higher ABL levels than the other tooth sites and posterior teeth, respectively. Furthermore, associations in the severity of ABL were observed between distal and mesial sites, buccal and lingual sites, maxillary and mandibular teeth, anterior and posterior teeth, and right and left sides. This study showed that the prevalence and severity of ABL differ from one tooth site to another and according to the tooth’s location in the dentition. Higher prevalences were found in the interproximal sites, anterior teeth and mandibular teeth; higher ABL was found in buccal and distal sites, with the strongest associations between distal and mesial sites, buccal and lingual sites, and right and left sides. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal and Other Associated Oral Diseases: Diagnosis and Management in the Context of Systemic Pathology)
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Review

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24 pages, 1957 KiB  
Review
Cell-Type-Specific ROS–AKT/mTOR–Autophagy Interplay—Should It Be Addressed in Periimplantitis?
by Mihai Butucescu, Marina Imre, Florentina Rus-Hrincu, Bianca Voicu-Balasea, Alexandra Popa, Mihai Moisa, Alexandra Ripszky, Cristina Neculau, Silviu Mirel Pituru and Simona Pârvu
Diagnostics 2024, 14(24), 2784; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14242784 - 11 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1245
Abstract
Periimplantitis represents an inflammatory disease of the soft and hard tissues surrounding the osseointegrated dental implant, triggering progressive damage to the alveolar bone. Cumulative data have revealed that periimplantitis plays a crucial part in implant failure. Due to the strategic roles of autophagy [...] Read more.
Periimplantitis represents an inflammatory disease of the soft and hard tissues surrounding the osseointegrated dental implant, triggering progressive damage to the alveolar bone. Cumulative data have revealed that periimplantitis plays a crucial part in implant failure. Due to the strategic roles of autophagy and its upstream coordinator, the AKT/mTOR pathway, in inflammatory responses, the crosstalk between them in the context of periimplantitis should become a key research target, as it opens up an area of interesting data with clinical significance. Therefore, in this article, we aimed to briefly review the existing data concerning the complex roles played by ROS in the interplay between the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and autophagy in periimplantitis, in each of the main cell types involved in periimplantitis pathogenesis and evolution. Knowing how to modulate specifically the autophagic machinery in each of the cellular types involved in the healing and osseointegration steps post implant surgery can help the clinician to make the most appropriate post-surgery decisions. These decisions might be crucial in order to prevent the occurrence of periimplantitis and ensure the proper conditions for effective osseointegration, depending on patients’ clinical particularities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal and Other Associated Oral Diseases: Diagnosis and Management in the Context of Systemic Pathology)
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