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Catalysts
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Frontiers in Catalytic Emission Control
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Frontiers in Catalytic Emission Control

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 15184

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zhanggen Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, China
Interests: Preparation and modification of activated-carbon-based materials; Catalysts and processes for the removal of flue gas pollutants; Treatment of refractory organic wastewater and metal-containing wastewater.
Dr. Chen Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of environmental and safety engineering, North university of China, Taiyuan, China
Interests: automobile catalysts; vehicle pollution control
Dr. Yaqin Hou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, China
Interests: low-temperature flue gas denitration; VOC catalytic oxidation; multipollutant control of flue gas

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Catalysts is releasing a Special Issue on the “Frontiers in Catalytic Emission Control”. The emission of gaseous pollutants such as SO2/NOx/CO/HCs/VOCs/CO2/Hg emitted from power stations, factories, and automobiles is believed to be one of the most serious environmental challenges of the 21st century. To meet the ever-increasing demand for the control of the ecological environment, this Special Issue collects the developments made regarding flue gas. We are interested in, but not limited to, the study of low-temperature denitration catalysts, VOCs catalytic oxidation technology, and technology for the coordinated control of multiple pollutants. Particular focus is on the discovery of novel environmental catalytic materials, in situ reaction mechanisms, DFT calculations for catalytic processes or mechanisms, and catalytic models for applications.

Dr. Zhanggen Huang
Dr. Chen Wang
Dr. Yaqin Hou
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • air pollution
  • pollutant removal
  • volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
  • catalytic processes
  • catalytic mechanism
  • catalytic models

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 4822 KiB  
Article
Effects of Phosphorus Addition on the Hydrophobicity and Catalytic Performance in Methane Combustion of θ-Al2O3 Supported Pd Catalysts
by Wei Xiong, Jun Wang, Yunhao Wang, Jianqiang Wang, Chen Wang, Gurong Shen and Meiqing Shen
Catalysts 2023, 13(4), 709; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040709 - 7 Apr 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2090
Abstract
A series of xPθ-Al2O3 supports modified with different amounts of phosphorus element were prepared and taken as supports of palladium catalysts for methane catalytic combustion. The impacts of phosphorus additives on the hydrophobicity of Pd/xPθ-Al2O3 and its [...] Read more.
A series of xPθ-Al2O3 supports modified with different amounts of phosphorus element were prepared and taken as supports of palladium catalysts for methane catalytic combustion. The impacts of phosphorus additives on the hydrophobicity of Pd/xPθ-Al2O3 and its performance of methane catalytic combustion in the absence of and presence of 8% water were systematically studied. It was found that the hydrophobicity of xPθ-Al2O3 changed with the increase of phosphorus content, which had a significant effect on the activity of methane catalytic combustion. The incorporation of phosphorus replaced the hydroxyl groups on the surface of Al2O3 in the form of phosphates, thus changing the density of hydroxyl groups of Al2O3 support. TGA, NH3-TPD, IR, and XPS were employed to illustrate the process of phosphate replacement. xPθ-Al2O3 with less than 1 wt.% phosphorus content had better hydrophobicity than the unmodified θ-Al2O3 and Pd/xPθ-Al2O3, therefore had better performance for methane catalytic combustion, which was attributed to the substitution of hydroxyl groups on the surface of θ-Al2O3 by PO43− and HPO42−. However, when the phosphorus content of Al2O3 was higher than 1 wt.%, the substitution of H2PO4− began to dominate, which would lead to poorer hydrophobicity and catalytic performance. This work will guide the design of methane catalytic combustion catalysts resistant to water inhibition problem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Catalytic Emission Control)
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17 pages, 5207 KiB  
Article
Optimization Study on Synergistic System of Photocatalytic Degradation of AR 26 and UV-LED Heat Dissipation
by Chen Wang, Haoliang Bai and Xue Kang
Catalysts 2023, 13(4), 669; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040669 - 29 Mar 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2049
Abstract
In this work, a novel UV-LED/TiO2 photocatalytic system, having a single layer with ten LED beads, was designed to simultaneously achieve UV-LED cooling and wastewater degradation, to deal with heat dissipation problems of high-power UV-LEDs. To gain more insight into this system, [...] Read more.
In this work, a novel UV-LED/TiO2 photocatalytic system, having a single layer with ten LED beads, was designed to simultaneously achieve UV-LED cooling and wastewater degradation, to deal with heat dissipation problems of high-power UV-LEDs. To gain more insight into this system, the parameters affecting both cooling and photocatalytic performance were first optimized using AR 26 as a basis. With respect to sewage, sewage with a flow rate of 80 mL/min and a temperature of 20 °C helped to keep a lower temperature of UV-LED, which benefits the long-term operation stability of LED beads. For parameters affecting the photocatalytic performance only, the experiments showed that TiO2 with moderate dosing (0.75 g/L) under strong acid conditions (pH = 2) helped to further improve photocatalytic activity when the initial concentration of AR 26 was 45 mg/L. Lastly, to illustrate the advantages of this novel system, the performance of the synergistic system was compared with a conventional photocatalytic reactor with respect to degradation performance, optical quantum efficiency, and energy consumption. The results showed that the degradation efficiency and light source utilization ratio of this coupled system were, respectively, 2.1 times and 1.5 times as much as those of a conventional reactor. As the unit power consumption of the synergistic system was only 0.18-fold more than that of a conventional reactor, our work suggests that this synergistic system with the advantage of LED lamp beads has a bright future in dealing with refractory organic pollutants of sewage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Catalytic Emission Control)
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17 pages, 1953 KiB  
Article
Emissions of Euro 6 Mono- and Bi-Fuel Gas Vehicles
by Barouch Giechaskiel, Tero Lähde, Michaël Clairotte, Ricardo Suarez-Bertoa, Victor Valverde, Anastasios D. Melas, Tommaso Selleri and Pierre Bonnel
Catalysts 2022, 12(6), 651; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12060651 - 14 Jun 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3962
Abstract
Compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are included in the group of promoted transport fuel alternatives in Europe. Most studies on emissions factors are based on old technology CNG and LPG fueled vehicles. Furthermore, there are not many data at [...] Read more.
Compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are included in the group of promoted transport fuel alternatives in Europe. Most studies on emissions factors are based on old technology CNG and LPG fueled vehicles. Furthermore, there are not many data at low ambient temperatures, on-road driving, or unregulated pollutants, such as ammonia (NH3). In this study we measured the emissions of one Euro 6b CNG light commercial vehicle, one Euro 6b and one Euro 6d-Temp bi-fuel LPG passenger car, one Euro 6d-Temp bi-fuel CNG passenger car, and four Euro 6d-Temp CNG passenger cars. Tests included on-road testing and worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycles (WLTC) in the laboratory with cold and hot engine, at 23 °C and −7 °C. The results showed 10–23% CO2 savings in gas modality compared to gasoline, lower CO and particle number emissions, and relatively similar total and non-methane hydrocarbons and NOx emissions. The ammonia emissions were high for all vehicles and fuels; higher than gasoline and diesel vehicles. The results also showed that, following the introduction of the real-driving emissions regulation, even though not applicable to the examined vehicles, Euro 6d-Temp vehicles had lower emissions compared to the Euro 6b vehicles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Catalytic Emission Control)
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18 pages, 6395 KiB  
Article
Ordered Mesoporous MnAlOx Oxides Dominated by Calcination Temperature for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with NH3 at Low Temperature
by Qixiong Hou, Yongjin Liu, Yaqin Hou, Xiaojin Han and Zhanggen Huang
Catalysts 2022, 12(6), 637; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12060637 - 10 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2028
Abstract
Manganese alumina composited oxides (MnAlOx) catalysts with ordered mesoporous structure prepared by evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) method was designed for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 at low temperature. The effect of calcination temperature of MnAlOx [...] Read more.
Manganese alumina composited oxides (MnAlOx) catalysts with ordered mesoporous structure prepared by evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) method was designed for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 at low temperature. The effect of calcination temperature of MnAlOx catalysts was investigated systematically, and it was correlated with SCR activity. Results showed that with an increase in calcination temperature, the SCR activity of MnAlOx catalysts increased. When the calcination temperature was raised up to 800 °C, the NOx conversion was more than 90% in the operation temperature range of 150~240 °C. Through various characterization analysis, it was found that MnAlOx-800 °C catalysts possessed enhanced redox capacities as the higher content of Mn4+/(Mn3+ + Mn4+). Moreover, the improved redox properties could contribute to a higher NOx adsorption and activation ability, which lead to higher SCR performance of MnAlOx-800 °C catalysts. In situ DRIFTs revealed that the adsorbed NO2 and bidentate nitrate are the reactive intermediate species, and NH3 species bonded to Lewis acid sites taken part in SCR progress. The SCR progress predominantly followed E–R mechanism, while L–H mechanism also takes effect to a certain degree. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Catalytic Emission Control)
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11 pages, 5878 KiB  
Article
Hg0 Removal by V2O5 Modified Palygorskite in Simulated Flue Gas at Low Temperature
by Junwei Wang, Huan Wang, Caihong Jiang, Xie Wang and Jianli Zhang
Catalysts 2022, 12(2), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12020243 - 21 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2058
Abstract
The V2O5-modified palygorskite (V2O5/PG catalysts) were prepared and used for Hg0 removal in simulated flue gas at low temperature. It was found that the V2O5/PG catalyst had excellent performance for [...] Read more.
The V2O5-modified palygorskite (V2O5/PG catalysts) were prepared and used for Hg0 removal in simulated flue gas at low temperature. It was found that the V2O5/PG catalyst had excellent performance for Hg0 removal at 150 °C. O2 exhibited a positive effect on Hg0 removal over V2O5/PG, while SO2 and H2O showed an inhibiting effect. However, Hg0 removal efficiency showed a promotion trend in the presence of H2O, SO2, and O2. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were applied to characterize the physicochemical properties of the V2O5/PG catalyst. Mercury temperature-programmed desorption (Hg-TPD) experiments were also conducted to identify the mercury species adsorbed on the V2O5/PG catalyst, and the pathway of Hg0 removal over V2O5/PG was also discussed. The used V2O5/PG catalyst after Hg0 removal was regenerated, and its capability for Hg0 removal can be completely recovered. The V2O5/PG-Re-300 °C catalyst showed excellent performance and good stability for Hg0 removal after regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Catalytic Emission Control)
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21 pages, 21931 KiB  
Article
Study on the Mechanism of SO2 Poisoning of MnOx/PG for Lower Temperature SCR by Simple Washing Regeneration
by Xianlong Zhang, Shiwen Liu, Kang Ma, Yazhong Chen, Shi Jin, Xinyu Wang and Xueping Wu
Catalysts 2021, 11(11), 1360; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11111360 - 12 Nov 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2194
Abstract
Manganese oxide-supported palygorskite (MnOx/PG) catalysts are considered highly efficient for low-temperature SCR of NOx. However, the MnOx/PG catalyst tends to be poisoned by SO2. The effect of SO2 on activity of the SO2 [...] Read more.
Manganese oxide-supported palygorskite (MnOx/PG) catalysts are considered highly efficient for low-temperature SCR of NOx. However, the MnOx/PG catalyst tends to be poisoned by SO2. The effect of SO2 on activity of the SO2-pretreated poisoning catalysts under ammonia-free conditions was explored. It was determined that the MnOx/PG catalyst tends to be considerably deactivated by SO2 in the absence of ammonia and that water-washed regeneration can completely recover activity of the deactivated catalyst. Based on these results and characterizations of the catalysts, a reasonable mechanism for the deactivation of MnOx/PG catalyst by SO2 was proposed in this study. SO2 easily oxidized to SO3 on the surface of the catalyst, leading to the formation of polysulfuric acid, wrapping of the active component and blocking the micropores. The deactivation of the MnOx/PG catalyst is initially caused by the formation of polysulfuric rather than the deposition of ammonia sulfate, which occurs later. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Catalytic Emission Control)
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