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Cancers
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Study on Acute Myeloid Leukemia
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Study on Acute Myeloid Leukemia

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 October 2025 | Viewed by 990

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Olga K. Weinberg

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
Interests: AML; myeloid neoplasms; biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow, and is characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal white blood cells. The strategies employed to treat AML are developing, with chemotherapy and other therapies being utilized. AML occurs due to mutations in the hematopoietic stem cells, leading to an uncontrolled proliferation of immature blood cells. The diagnosis of AML is typically based on blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, and genetic profiling to identify mutations. In summary, this Special Issue will focus on the various treatment modalities employed to address acute myeloid leukemia. 

Dr. Olga K. Weinberg
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
  • cancer treatment
  • genetic

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 3202 KiB  
Article
Lenalidomide Efficacy in Patients with MDS and Del-5q: Real-World Data from the Hellenic (Greek) National Myelodysplastic & Hypoplastic Syndromes Registry (EAKMYS)
by Argiris Symeonidis, Panagiotis Diamantopoulos, Athanasios Galanopoulos, Alexandra Kourakli, Eleni Sazakli, Eleftheria Hatzimichael, Maria Pagoni, Panagiotis Zikos, Theodoros P. Vassilakopoulos, Eleni Gavrilaki, Anthi Bouchla, Anna Kioumi, Katerina Palla, Ioannis Kotsianidis, Evridiki Michali, Zafiris Kartassis, Eirini Katodritou, Vasileios Lazaris, Maria Vagia, George Xanthopoulidis, Theodora Assimakopoulou, Charalampos Pontikoglou, Maria Dimou, Maria Dalekou-Tsolakou, Dimitra Liapi, Maria Kotsopoulou, Vassiliki Labropoulou, Menelaos Papoutselis, Despina Barmparousi, Efthymia Vlachaki, Georgia Kaiafa, Eleni Chandrinou, Panagiotis Karmas, Evangelos Terpos, George Vassilopoulos, Panayiotis Panayiotidis, Nora-Athina Viniou and Vassiliki Pappaadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Cancers 2025, 17(9), 1388; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17091388 - 22 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Background-Objectives: Although considered standard of care for patients with low-/intermediate-1 risk MDS and isolated del(5q), lenalidomide is not widely used in patients exhibiting additional cytogenetic abnormalities, on top of del(5)q. The aim of this study was to provide real-world evidence for the efficacy [...] Read more.
Background-Objectives: Although considered standard of care for patients with low-/intermediate-1 risk MDS and isolated del(5q), lenalidomide is not widely used in patients exhibiting additional cytogenetic abnormalities, on top of del(5)q. The aim of this study was to provide real-world evidence for the efficacy of lenalidomide in patients with del(5q), with or without additional cytogenetic abnormalities. Methods: Patients with MDS exhibiting del(5q) in the Greek National Myelodysplastic Syndromes Registry were analyzed if they had received at least one lenalidomide dose and detailed response assessment/follow-up was available. Results: Among 238 patients analyzed, 153 (64.3%) had del(5q) syndrome (Group-I), 34 (14.3%) had an isolated del(5q) abnormality but were not 5q− syndrome (Group-II), 26 (10.9%) had del(5q) plus only one additional cytogenetic abnormality (Group-III), and 25 (10.5%) had del(5q) plus >1 additional abnormality (Group-IV). Among 218 (91.6%) evaluable patients, a major response was achieved by 146 (67.0%) patients, 114/146 (78.1%) in Group-I, 18/31 (58.1%) in Group-II, 10/20 (50.0%) in Group-III, and 4/21 (19.0%) in Group-IV. Overall, hematological response was seen in 177/218 (81.2%) patients, even among those with an excess of bone marrow blasts/frank acute myeloid leukemia. Duration of response was comparable between the four patient groups. A complete cytogenetic response was achieved by 38.0% overall, more commonly in Group-I (42.3%) and -III (35.7%). Transfusion-independent patients and those with a higher MCV or lower marrow blast cells at baseline had a higher probability of achieving a major response. With multivariate analysis, factors associated with overall survival were age, performance status, transfusion dependence, and marrow blast cell percentage at treatment start, as well as time from initial diagnosis to lenalidomide start. Conclusions: Lenalidomide was highly effective in patients with the del(5)q syndrome and also in those with isolated del(5)q, other than del(5)q syndrome, or those exhibiting del(5)q plus only one additional cytogenetic abnormality, not affecting chromosome 7. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Acute Myeloid Leukemia)
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14 pages, 1894 KiB  
Article
Prospective, Randomized, Comparative Study of Myeloablative Fludarabine/Busulfan and Fludarabine/Busulfan/Total Body Irradiation Conditioning in Myeloid Diseases
by Hyung C. Suh, Scott D. Rowley, Sukhdeep Kaur, Brittany Lukasik, Phyllis McKiernan, Michele Boonstra, Melissa Baker, Mary DiLorenzo, Alan Skarbnik, Jason Voss, Alexandra Hampson, Bianca DeAgresta, Brighid Boylan, Themba Nyirenda, David H. Vesole and Michele L. Donato
Cancers 2025, 17(7), 1140; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17071140 - 28 Mar 2025
Viewed by 347
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is a curative treatment for myeloid diseases, yet relapse remains the major cause of post-transplant mortality. To reduce the risk of recurrence, we evaluated the addition of 400 cGy total body irradiation (TBI) to conditioning [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is a curative treatment for myeloid diseases, yet relapse remains the major cause of post-transplant mortality. To reduce the risk of recurrence, we evaluated the addition of 400 cGy total body irradiation (TBI) to conditioning with fludarabine-busulfan (Flu/Bu4). Methods: In this prospective study, 46 patients with myeloid diseases were randomized to Flu/Bu4 or Flu/Bu4/TBI conditioning group. The Flu/Bu4 conditioning regimen consisted of fludarabine 40 mg/m2 on days -6 to -3 followed by busulfan 130 mg/m2 on days -6 to -3. Flu/Bu4/TBI conditioning regimen added 400 cGy TBI on day -1 to the FluBu4 regimen. Results: Among 34 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, relapse was numerically lower in those who received Flu/Bu4/TBI (25%) versus Flu/Bu4 (44.4%) at three years (HR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.19 to 1.81, p = 0.35). Flu/Bu4/TBI appeared to increase the risk of non-relapse mortality (NRM) vs. Flu/Bu4 in AML patients at three years (25.0% versus 11.1%; HR = 2.11, 95% CI 0.51 to 8.83, p = 0.65). Overall survival (OS) was similar in AML patients undergoing conditioning with Flu/Bu4 (72.2%) versus Flu/Bu4/TBI (62.5%) at one year (p = 0.4). Conclusions: In conclusion, the addition of 400 cGy TBI to Flu/Bu4 reduced the risk of relapse but did not improve OS as a consequence of higher regimen-related mortality. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01366612. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Acute Myeloid Leukemia)
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