CAR T Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy Current Challenges and Future Perspectives

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2024) | Viewed by 2407

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
Interests: immunotherapy; CAR T cells; solid tumors; acute leukemia; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; oncolytic viruses
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Guest Editor Assistant
Department of Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
Interests: immunotherapy; CAR T cells; solid tumors; acute leukemia; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; oncolytic viruses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Immunotherapy was a major breakthrough in the treatment of patients affected by malignancies. One of the most promising forms of immunotherapy to date is that using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells, which redirects the specificity of T cells to an antigen expressed by tumor cells in an MHC-independent fashion. The success of the approach, mainly in the hematological field, is confirmed by the various CAR T cell platforms that have been approved by American and European regulatory agencies in the last 6 years. Moreover, recently, CAR T cells also resulted in promising efficacy in different settings, such as the treatment of immune-mediated disorders with a documented pathogenic role of B cells, including, but not limited to, systemic lupus erythematosus.

Together with the great success and with the new potential applications of the approach, limitations of the efficacy of CAR T cells have also emerged. In this Special Issue, we will evaluate CAR T cell approaches representing an innovation in the field, either in terms of proof-of-concept of new indications or in terms of new construct and/or manufacturing techniques. We invite original research papers, brief research reports, reviews and professional opinions that will address these important aspects.

Dr. Francesca Del Bufalo
Guest Editor

Marco Becilli
Guest Editor Assistant

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Keywords

  • CAR T cells
  • immunotherapy
  • acute leukemia
  • lymphoma
  • myeloma
  • systemic lupus erythematosus

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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50 pages, 1756 KiB  
Review
Engineered Cellular Therapies for the Treatment of Thoracic Cancers
by Spencer M. Erickson, Benjamin M. Manning, Akhilesh Kumar and Manish R. Patel
Cancers 2025, 17(1), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17010035 - 26 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1977
Abstract
Thoracic malignancies (lung cancers and malignant pleural mesothelioma) are prevalent worldwide and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Effective treatments are needed for patients with advanced disease. Cell therapies are a promising approach to the treatment of advanced cancers that make use [...] Read more.
Thoracic malignancies (lung cancers and malignant pleural mesothelioma) are prevalent worldwide and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Effective treatments are needed for patients with advanced disease. Cell therapies are a promising approach to the treatment of advanced cancers that make use of immune effector cells that have the ability to mediate antitumor immune responses. In this review, we discuss the prospect of chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells, natural killer (NK) cells, T cell receptor-engineered (TCR-T) cells, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as treatments for thoracic malignancies. CAR-T cells and TILs have proven successful in several hematologic cancers and advanced melanoma, respectively, but outside of melanoma, results have thus far been unsuccessful in most other solid tumors. NK cells and TCR-T cells are additional cell therapy platforms with their own unique advantages and challenges. Obstacles that must be overcome to develop effective cell therapy for these malignancies include selecting an appropriate target antigen, combating immunosuppressive cells and signaling molecules present in the tumor microenvironment, persistence, and delivering a sufficient quantity of antitumor immune cells to the tumor. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer great promise as a source for both NK and T cell-based therapies due to their unlimited expansion potential. Here, we review clinical trial data, as well as recent basic scientific advances that offer insight into how we may overcome these obstacles, and provide an overview of ongoing trials testing novel strategies to overcome these obstacles. Full article
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