Antimicrobial Peptides in Nature: Inspiration for Rationally Designed Antimicrobials

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural and Bio-derived Molecules".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1019

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
2. Faculty of Pharmacy, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Interests: computer-aided molecular design; molecular dynamics; docking; in silico screening; structural chemistry; NMR spectroscopy; antimicrobial resistance; multidrug resistance; efflux pump inhibition; antimicrobial peptides; dendrimer design
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Guest Editor
School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
Interests: peptide therapeutics; antimicrobial peptides; peptide mimetics; peptide–membrane interactions; peptide NMR; amino acid synthesis; peptide modification; antimicrobial resistance

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite contributions to this Special Issue of Biomolecules entitled ‘Antimicrobial Peptides in Nature: Inspiration for Rationally Designed Antimicrobials’. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are found in all domains of life and are important for both immunity and host defense. With increasing resistance to traditional antibiotics, AMPs are attracting attention as potential alternatives. The extraordinary structural diversity of naturally occurring AMPs and their varied mechanisms of action mean that they are an abundant source of inspiration for new antimicrobials. However, the clinical translation of AMPs faces challenges, including low stability and problems with selectivity for bacterial over eukaryotic cell membranes. The rational design of new and improved antimicrobial agents, inspired by AMP structures in nature, may offer potential solutions to these problems.

For this Special Issue, we welcome the submission of research and review articles that focus on naturally occurring AMPs and rational design approaches towards novel or improved AMPs and antimicrobial agents. We wish to include both theoretical and experimental approaches to peptide discovery and design, including those that enhance the activity, selectivity, or stability of naturally occurring peptides. We also welcome studies on the (bio)synthesis and medicinal chemistry of antimicrobial peptides and peptidomimetic agents (including their design using structure and sequence similarity and deep learning approaches) alongside analysis of resultant properties using bioactivity assays or biophysical and structural characterization.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Mire Zloh
Dr. Rachael Dickman
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • antimicrobial resistance
  • antimicrobial peptides
  • rational design of peptides
  • antimicrobial peptide synthesis
  • peptidomimetic antimicrobial agents

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

22 pages, 2201 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Antimicrobial Peptides from Frog Skin: A Rational Approach
by Silvana Aguilar, Daniel Moreira, Ana Laura Pereira Lourenço, Natalia Wilke, Matías A. Crosio, Andreanne Vasconcelos, Eder Alves Barbosa, Elizabete C. I. Bispo, Felipe Saldanha-Araujo, Marcelo H. S. Ramada, Franco M. Escobar, Cristina V. Torres, José R. S. A. Leite and Mariela M. Marani
Biomolecules 2025, 15(3), 449; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15030449 - 20 Mar 2025
Viewed by 556
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a global health threat, which has been worsened by the slow development of new antibiotics. The rational design of natural-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offers a promising alternative for enhancing the efficacy of AMPs and accelerating drug discovery. This paper describes [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial resistance is a global health threat, which has been worsened by the slow development of new antibiotics. The rational design of natural-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offers a promising alternative for enhancing the efficacy of AMPs and accelerating drug discovery. This paper describes the rational design of improved peptide derivatives starting from hylin-Pul3, a peptide previously isolated from the frog Boana pulchella, by optimizing its hydrophobicity, cationicity, and amphipathicity. In silico screening identified six promising candidates: dHP3-31, dHP3-50, dHP3-50.137, dHP3-50.190, dHP3-84, and dHP3-84.39. These derivatives exhibited enhanced activity against Gram-negative bacteria, emphasizing the role of cationicity and the strategic arginine incorporation. Hemolytic assays revealed the derivatives’ improved selectivity, particularly for the derivatives with “imperfect amphipathicity”. In fibroblast assays, dHP3-84 was well-tolerated, while dHP3-84.39 promoted cell proliferation. Antioxidant assays (ABTS assays) highlighted the Trp-containing derivatives’ (dHP3-50.137, dHP3-31) significant activity. The lipid membrane interaction studies showed that hylin-Pul3 disrupts membranes directly, while dHP3-84.39, dHP3-50, and dHP3-50.137 promote vesicle aggregation. Conversely, dHP3-84 did not induce membrane disruption or aggregation, suggesting an intracellular mode of action. Machine learning models were effective in predicting bioactivity, as these predicted AMPs showed enhanced selectivity and potency. Among them, dHP3-84 demonstrated broad-spectrum potential. These findings highlight the value of rational design, in silico screening, and structure–activity studies in optimizing AMPs for therapeutic applications. Full article
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