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Applied Sciences
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Techniques and Applications of Underwater and Underground Energy Storage Systems
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Techniques and Applications of Underwater and Underground Energy Storage Systems

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 5173

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Wei Xiong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
Interests: energy storage; fluid power and control; marine salvage and rescue; offshore structure
Dr. Weiqing Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Interests: renewable energy; energy storage; fluid power and control
Dr. Zhiwen Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
Interests: compressed gas energy storage; fluid power and control; thermodynamics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Energy storage is a fundamental aspect of the future sustainability of the energy landscape. The enormous unexploited underwater and underground space should be concerned to facilitate a large-scale energy storage. In recent years, many studies have been conducted in this field, including, but not limited to, underground compressed air energy storage, underground hydrogen storage, underground pumped hydro storage, underground gravity energy storage, underground compressed CO2 storage, thermal energy storage, underwater compressed gas energy storage, buoyancy energy storage, and hydro-pneumatic energy storage.

This Special Issue on the “Techniques and Applications of Underwater and Underground Energy Storage Systems” aims to publish original research papers and review articles on various aspects of this field, including, but not limited to, novel concepts, systems, and components, energy efficiency, techno-economic analysis, system integration and applications, policy and the market, management and control, theoretical and experimental studies, case studies, lessons learned, and fundamental research surrounding the topic of energy storage. Submissions from experts in academia and industry are both strongly encouraged.

Prof. Dr. Wei Xiong
Dr. Weiqing Xu
Dr. Zhiwen Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • underwater energy storage
  • underground energy storage
  • compressed gas energy storage
  • hydrogen energy storage
  • thermal energy storage
  • pumped hydro storage
  • renewable energy
  • energy storage

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 12558 KiB  
Article
Experimental and OLGA Modeling Investigation for Slugging in Underwater Compressed Gas Energy Storage Systems
by Chengyu Liang, Wei Xiong, Hu Wang and Zhiwen Wang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(17), 9575; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13179575 - 24 Aug 2023
Viewed by 2769
Abstract
Underwater compressed gas energy storage (UW-CGES) holds significant promise as a nascent and viable energy storage solution for a diverse range of coastal and offshore facilities. However, liquid accumulation in underwater gas pipelines poses a significant challenge, as it can lead to pipeline [...] Read more.
Underwater compressed gas energy storage (UW-CGES) holds significant promise as a nascent and viable energy storage solution for a diverse range of coastal and offshore facilities. However, liquid accumulation in underwater gas pipelines poses a significant challenge, as it can lead to pipeline blockages and energy transmission interruptions and adversely impact pipeline operation. In this paper, experimental and Oil and Gas Assays (OLGA) simulation studies have been conducted on the formation process of slug flow in pipelines. Firstly, experiments are conducted to capture high-speed camera images of slug flow under various liquid accumulation volumes and inclination angles. Subsequently, an OLGA model is developed to verify the experimentally observed flow regime, pressure, and slugging speed. Therefore, the flow regime verification results exhibit substantial consistency, and pressure variations display uniform trends, with an average slugging velocity error of 6.42%. The results indicate that the formation of slug flow involves three distinct stages: slug flow growth, ejection, and backflow. By analyzing slug flow, it can gain insights into the relationship between pressure and slug flow formation, exposing the sensitivity of this phenomenon to pressure fluctuations. These results further enhance recognition of the operational status of UW-CGES pipelines and provide support for safe operation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Techniques and Applications of Underwater and Underground Energy Storage Systems)
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21 pages, 941 KiB  
Article
A Numerical Model Comparison of the Energy Conversion Process for an Offshore Hydro-Pneumatic Energy Storage System
by Andrew Borg, Tonio Sant, Daniel Buhagiar, Robert N. Farrugia and Christopher Micallef
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(12), 7189; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13127189 - 15 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1730
Abstract
Energy storage is essential if net zero emissions are to be achieved. In fact, energy storage is a leading solution for reducing curtailment in an energy system that relies heavily on intermittent renewables. This paper presents a comparison between two numerical models which [...] Read more.
Energy storage is essential if net zero emissions are to be achieved. In fact, energy storage is a leading solution for reducing curtailment in an energy system that relies heavily on intermittent renewables. This paper presents a comparison between two numerical models which simulate the energy conversion unit performance of a hydro-pneumatic energy storage system. Numerical modelling is performed in PythonTM (Alpha Model) and Mathworks® Simulink® and SimscapeTM (Beta Model). The modelling aims to compare the time-series predictions for the simplified model (Alpha Model) with the more physically representative model (Beta Model). The Alpha Model provides a quasi-steady-state solution, while the Beta Model accounts for machinery inertias and friction within hydraulic flow circuits. Results show that the energy conversion performance simulations between the two models compare well, with a notable difference during system start-up due to the inclusion of transients in the Beta Model. Given its simplicity, the Alpha Model has high computational efficiency, while the Beta Model requires more computational time due to its complexity. This study showed that, despite its simplicity, the Alpha Model is able to generate results that are very similar to those from the Beta Model (with the average RMSE being less than 5%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Techniques and Applications of Underwater and Underground Energy Storage Systems)
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